Common Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) - Home | Mahoning Part... · Fruit Fly – Bad...

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Common Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

Transcript of Common Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) - Home | Mahoning Part... · Fruit Fly – Bad...

Page 1: Common Fruit Fly (Drosophila melanogaster) - Home | Mahoning Part... · Fruit Fly – Bad SpoIed-wing Drosophila Unlike naNve fruit fly species that lay eggs only in already-damaged

CommonFruitFly(Drosophilamelanogaster)

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FruitFly–Good

Small,easyandcheaptomaintainandmanipulateShortlifespanProducelargenumbersofoffspringAvailabilityofmutantsLotsofpreviousexperimentsanddiscoveriesGenomeissequencedHomologuesforatleast75%ofhumandiseasegenesExhibitcomplexbehaviorsFewerethicalconcerns

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FruitFly–BadSpoIed-wingDrosophila

UnlikenaNvefruitflyspeciesthatlayeggsonlyinalready-damagedandroPngfruit,SWDcausesdamagewhenthefemalefliescutaslitandlayeggsinhealthyfruit.Thisinsectisapestofmostberrycrops,cherries,grapesandothertreefruit.

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Coleoptera

•  Beetles,weevils•  Hardenedouterwingscalledelytra•  Mostspeciesofanyinsect,infact,oneinfivelivinganimalspeciesisabeetle.

•  Decomposers,predators,herbivores•  Completemetamorphosis•  Chewingmouthparts•  23.7K,300K

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Cigarette Beetle Drugstore Beetle

Cigarette Beetle

Drugstore Beetle

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Cigarette and Drugstore Beetles These two small beetles have become common household pests. The adult beetles may be seen at various times of the year, often in early summer. They are good fliers and may accumulate on window or doorsills when they try to make their way outdoors. Besides the nuisance factor of having beetles in the house, both species are considered stored food product pests. The cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne) is destructive to cured leaf tobacco and tobacco products (especially those in storage), but also feeds on dried yeast cakes, seeds, dried botanical specimens, dried fish, leather goods, and even tapestry and upholstered furniture. The drugstore beetle (Stegobium paniceum) feeds on almost anything of vegetable origin, including a great variety of stored foods, seeds, breakfast cereals and the like. It gets its name from the habit of feeding on almost all drugs found in pharmacies. Both species are often found infesting herbs and spices in the home, especially those that have been left on the back of a shelf in storage for long periods of time. Condiments such as dried chili powder, hot peppers, and celery seed are a few of the items in which they are found. Also, such items as dried flower arrangements or seed pictures may harbor an infestation.

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GoldenTortoiseBeetle

GranaryWeevil

StagBeetle

Six-spoIedGreenTigerBeetle

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BillbugBombardierbeetle

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Head

Thorax

Abdomen

Bombardierbeetle

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Storage1 Storage2

ReacNonChamber

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Hydrogenperoxide Hydroquinone

Heat p-quinone

Bombardierbeetleabdomen

catylase

ChemicalWarfare

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hIps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_U-1kPbvj8Q

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BillbugBombardierbeetle

LadyBeetleandLunch

LiIleRedLilyLeafBug

LocustBorer

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Whileweliketostressthebeneficialinsects…

notallinsectsarebeneficial.

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AsianLonghornedBeetle

ColoradoPotatoBeetle

EmeraldAshBorer

BandedCucumberBeetle

AIackshardwoodtreespecies,includingmaple,birch,poplarandelm.

AIacksallnaNveashtrees

AIacksvegetableplantsincludingcucumber,squash,beans,peas,sweetpotato,corn,leIuceandsoybeans

AIackspotato,pepperandtomatoplants,eggplants

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AsianLonghornedBeetle

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AllMaples(Acer):BoxelderNorwayRedSilverSugar

Horsechestnuts/Buckeyes(Aescelusspp.)Elms(Ulmusspp.)Willow(Salixspp.)

Birch(Betulaspp.)Sycamore/Planetree(Platanusspp.)Poplar(Populusspp.)Mimosa(Albiziajulibrissin)Katsura(Cercidiphyllumjaponicum)Ash(Fraxinusspp.)Goldenraintree(Koelreuteriapaniculata)Mountainash(Sorbusspp.)Hackberry(CelBsspp.)

VeryGoodHosts OtherHosts

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EmeraldAshBorer:Agrilusplanipennis

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Millions of ash trees dead (and counting) [Ohio has nearly 4 billion ash trees]

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HostImpact:

Larvaefeedunderbark;disrupttransportofwater,nutrients,carbohydrates.AllmajorashspeciesaresuscepNble(white,green,black,blue,pumpkin).Healthytreeskilledwithin1-3yearsoffirstsymptoms.Treesofallsizearecolonized:1/2inchsamplingstothelargestmaturetrees.

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Wherediditcomefrom?Howdiditgethere?

Origin:EastAsia(NEChina,ESiberia,Korea,Japan) DiscoverednearDetroitinJune2002;establishedatleast10years.

Probablyviasolidwoodpacking(pallets,craNng,dunnage).

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July20,2007

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Known distribution as of March 1, 2016

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Known distribution as of April 1, 2017

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Larva: July - Sept

Adults: late May - August

Pupa: May – June

Prepupa: over-winter

Life cycle: typically one generation per year

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OuterBark

Phloem

Cambium

TreeTrunkBasics

Xylem

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RingPorousTrees:AshTreedeclineanddeathisrapid—1-3yearsWateristransportedonlythroughthecurrentannualring

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Symptoms of EAB: dieback and decline

Thinning canopy

Epicormic branching

Suckering from roots

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Diagnosing emerald ash borer: 3 key signs

2. Serpentine galleries just under the bark

1. Small (1/8”) D-shaped exit holes

3. Flat, tapeworm-like larvae with bell-shaped segments.

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Early warning: Unusual woodpecker activity

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KnownEABInfestaNons-January2005

Map is current as of January 2005

Infestation has been eradicated

Infestation is still being dealt with

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ODA Quarantine

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EABmanagementopNons:1. Donothing

2. Removal,replacement

3.AnnualinsecNcidetreatments

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AreinsecNcideseffecNve?TwoobjecNves:

1.EradicaNon:no

2.TreeprotecNon:yes

Best to begin application before EAB are present but tree is within a 15 mile radius of effected trees

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Insecticide Treatment

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ohioline.osu.edu

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ohioline.osu.edu

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Lepidoptera•  BuIerflies,moths•  BuIerfliesduringtheday,mothsatnight•  Wingscoveredinscales•  Immaturestagesarecaterpillars•  AIractmatesusingpheromones•  Completemetamorphosis•  Chewing(larvae)andsucking(adult)mouthparts

•  11.3K,112K

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HebrewMoth LeopardMoth

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Ailanthus Webworm Moth

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MonarchBuIerfly

MonarchBuIerflyChrysalis

PolyphemusMoth

PolyphemusMothCocoon

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HickoryHornedDevilCaterpillar

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RegalMothorRoyalWalnutMoth

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TomatoHornwormCaterpillar

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Hawk,SphinxorHummingbirdMoth

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MarpesiaBuIerfly

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SaddlebackCaterpillar

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DecepNvePracNcesMonarchBuIerfly

CommonMilkweed

Cardenolide

ViceroyBuIerfly

DoesnoteatMilkweedBUTPredatorsAvoidIt

IngestasLarva

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Hymenoptera•  Ants,Bees,Wasps,Hornets,Sawflies•  Adultscanbewingedorwingless•  Pollinators•  Socialinsects-divisionoflabor•  Queendominatedsociety•  Predators,herbivores,anddecomposers•  Completemetamorphosis•  Chewingmouthparts•  17.2K,108K

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Bald-facedHornet

YellowJacket

PaperWasp

HoneyBee

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Note:OnlyahoneybeeworkerislimitedtoasinglesNng

SNnger=Ovipositor

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CowKillerWasp

RedVelvetAnt

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AphidFarmingAphidsfeedonplantsapandexcreteasweetandnutriNousliquidcalledhoneydew,whichtheantsdrink.Inreturn,theantsrunaprotecNonracket,defendingtheaphidsfrompredators.

Aphid-farmingantssimilarproblemtohumanfarmers–theirherdsarelikelytowanderawayandit’sintheants’intereststopreventthis.EarlierworkshowedthattheysomeNmesbitethewingsoffaphidsthathavethemorproducechemicalsfromglandsintheirjawsthatsubduethedevelopmentofwingsinthefirstplace.

Noneofthatstopsthewinglessindividualsfromjustwalkingaway,sotheantsuseanothertrick.Theblackgardenant(Lasiusniger)secreteschemicalsinitsfootstepsthateffecNvelytranquilizeaphidsandstopthemfromwalkingofftoanotherplant.

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Common Name Scientific Name Carpenter Ant Camponotus spp. Cornfield Ant Lasius alienus Larger Yellow Ant Acanthomyops interjectus Pharaoh Ant Monomorium pharaonis Thief Ant Solenopsis molesta Pavement Ant Tetramorium caepitum Little Black Ant Monomorium minimum False Honey Ant Prenolepis imparis Allegheny Mound Ant Formica exsectoides Lawn Ant Iridomyrmex pruinosus var. analis Acrobat Ant Cremastogaster lineolata Odorous House Ant Tapinoma sessile Crazy Ant Paratrechina longicornis

AntsSpeciesarePlenNful

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CarpenterAnts

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CarpenterAnt

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AntMimickingSpider

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CarpenterAnt

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AntMimickingSpider


B of the night in Drosophila melanogaster · 3837 INTRODUCTION The fruit fly Drosophila melanogasterhas become a well-accepted model for sleep research (reviewed by Cirelli, 2009;

B of the night in Drosophila melanogaster · 3837 INTRODUCTION The fruit fly Drosophila melanogasterhas become a well-accepted model for sleep research (reviewed by Cirelli, 2009;

M O S T UNWANTED Biosecurity … · Fruit Fly A. South American fruit fly B. Mediterranean fruit fly C. Natal fruit fly D. Queensland fruit fly Insect pest which could be introduced

M O S T UNWANTED Biosecurity … · Fruit Fly A. South American fruit fly B. Mediterranean fruit fly C. Natal fruit fly D. Queensland fruit fly Insect pest which could be introduced

The Western Cherry Fruit Fly and Your Backyard Cherry Treecru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/FS125E/FS125E.pdf · The Western Cherry Fruit Fly ... Fruit Fly The western cherry fruit

The Western Cherry Fruit Fly and Your Backyard Cherry Treecru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/FS125E/FS125E.pdf · The Western Cherry Fruit Fly ... Fruit Fly The western cherry fruit

Fruit Fly Management

Fruit Fly Management

Finding the Fly Tree of Life · fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), or the malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae). In fact, there are over 154,000 known species of flies, most of which

Finding the Fly Tree of Life · fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), or the malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae). In fact, there are over 154,000 known species of flies, most of which

Fruit fly trap

Fruit fly trap

National Research Council Space Science Week Plenary 31 March …sites.nationalacademies.org/cs/groups/ssbsite/documents/... · 2020-04-08 · Fruit Flies (Drosophila): Fruit Fly

National Research Council Space Science Week Plenary 31 March …sites.nationalacademies.org/cs/groups/ssbsite/documents/... · 2020-04-08 · Fruit Flies (Drosophila): Fruit Fly

Fruit fly biological control

Fruit fly biological control

Metazoan Genomes Fruit Fly Rice Puffer Fish. Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly mutants have been studied for nearly 100 years. Fly labs have used phenotypes.

Metazoan Genomes Fruit Fly Rice Puffer Fish. Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly mutants have been studied for nearly 100 years. Fly labs have used phenotypes.

Olive fruit fly

Olive fruit fly

(Linnaeus) European cherry fruit fly Diptera: Tephritidae · (Linnaeus) European cherry fruit fly. ... misidentifications or casual observations ... Cherries grown in fruit fly free

(Linnaeus) European cherry fruit fly Diptera: Tephritidae · (Linnaeus) European cherry fruit fly. ... misidentifications or casual observations ... Cherries grown in fruit fly free

Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and the ...pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/pharmrev/63/2/411.full.pdf · The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster represents one such

Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and the ...pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/pharmrev/63/2/411.full.pdf · The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster represents one such

Chromosomes and Inheritance. Thomas Hunt Morgan The common fruit fly – Drosophila melanogaster.

Chromosomes and Inheritance. Thomas Hunt Morgan The common fruit fly – Drosophila melanogaster.

General Genetics Ayesha M. Khan Spring 2013. Sex Determination in Drosophila The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, has eight chromosomes: three pairs.

General Genetics Ayesha M. Khan Spring 2013. Sex Determination in Drosophila The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, has eight chromosomes: three pairs.

Fruit Fly Management - SNRD Asia · Area-wide Fruit Fly Management ... Thomas Jäkel, or property of SAS Project, Bangkok ... Carambola fly Guava fruit fly Melon fly Oriental fruit

Fruit Fly Management - SNRD Asia · Area-wide Fruit Fly Management ... Thomas Jäkel, or property of SAS Project, Bangkok ... Carambola fly Guava fruit fly Melon fly Oriental fruit

Mediterranean Fruit Fly Oriental Fruit Fly Melon Fly ... · economic pests such as oriental and peach fruit fly. Males of Asian guava fruit fly also are attracted to methyl eugenol,

Mediterranean Fruit Fly Oriental Fruit Fly Melon Fly ... · economic pests such as oriental and peach fruit fly. Males of Asian guava fruit fly also are attracted to methyl eugenol,

T.H. Morgan 1910 Working with fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Discovered a mutant male fly with white eyes instead of red Crossed the mutant male.

T.H. Morgan 1910 Working with fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster Discovered a mutant male fly with white eyes instead of red Crossed the mutant male.

Fruit fly Ahsan

Fruit fly Ahsan

Fruit Fly Control is Everybody’s Business - aamiafrica.comaamiafrica.com/.../uploads/2017/10/Fruit-Fly-Control-Leaflet.pdf · Fruit Fly Control is Everybody’s Business The New

Fruit Fly Control is Everybody’s Business - aamiafrica.comaamiafrica.com/.../uploads/2017/10/Fruit-Fly-Control-Leaflet.pdf · Fruit Fly Control is Everybody’s Business The New

The Genetics of the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster Pick Up Handout! A.P. Biology Mr. Knowles.

The Genetics of the Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster Pick Up Handout! A.P. Biology Mr. Knowles.