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The

basic

Principles

of COLOUR Application

Hues, Tints, Tones and Shades: What’s the Difference?

A lot of us use the terms hue, tint, tone and shade when referring to color in art, but did you know each of these terms has a very specific meaning? For a painter, knowing the difference between them all is important when communicating concepts in your painting. More importantly, you can use this knowledge for color mixing, helping you figure out how to mix just the right colors from your paints.

The basic Principles of COLOUR application

Hues, Tints, Tones and Shades: What’s the Difference?

• Hue is just a color. • Tints, tones, and shades are variations of the hues found on

the basic color wheel when white, black or both are mixed in (grey).


Hue : Any single color in the spectrum(the 12 color wheel)


Value : The relative brightness or darkness of a color


Tint : A color with white addedShade : A color with black added


Saturation: The relative intensity or purity of a color

Bright, vibrant colors (reds or oranges) have a saturation dull or muted colors (browns) have a low degree of

saturation


Colors can be of the same hue and still have varying degrees of saturation


Creating Tints and Shades

TintA hue produced by the

addition of white

ShadeA hue produced by the

addition of black.


Shade and tint are terms that refer to a variation of a hue.

Cartoon

* Highly Saturation = FAKE

Highly Saturation

*Happiness*Warm

Low Saturation

*Sadness / Lonely*Cold

SATURATION & VALUE in a nutshell


• Don’t overdo it

• Use it to guide the viewer

• Use it to tell a story

• Use it to change the mood

• Draw attention to something

How do these idea work together?Like the elements of design, hue, saturation and value can be used to emphasize certain areas of a composition or deemphasize others

Colors can balance, organize and harmonize a design, or to create discord

Colors with high saturation intensity and brighter value are more visible and demanding of a viewer s attention

Colors with low saturation can be used to set apart secondary information or to create background elements


Basic Colour Terms

Hue - Undiluted colours. The true colours of the spectrum.

Saturation / Intensity - Brightness of a colour.

Value - Lightness and darkness of a colour.

Tint - A colour with the presence of white. Lighter shade of a colour.

Shade - A colour with the presence of black. Darker shade of a colour


Warm Colors: These are the colors of fire. They radiate warmth. Warm colors are more often

associated with passion, energy, impulsiveness, happiness, coziness, and comfort. They draw

attention and have the advantage of being inviting and harmonious.


Cool Colors: These are the colors of water. Cool colors are more often associated with calm, trust, and professionalism. The are also associated with sadness and melancholy. The have the advantage

of being professional and harmonious, but can also turn people off by the coolness they radiate.


Color Schemes / Harmonies


The “6” Colours Combinations


may pass unnoticed when pleasing, yet offend dramatically when compositions seem to clash. One outcome we seek in the final form or composition,is a successful use of colour.

• Only ONE color• Best for single subjects• atmospheric



• Color adjacent on wheel• Easy on eyes• Peaceful, comfortable

mood• Seen in nature


• Opposing color on wheel• Very popular• Naturally pleasing to eye• Use one color

predominantly


• Similar to complimentary • One end extended• More creative freedom• Feels lively, joyous

Split Complementary


• Equally distant on wheel• Hard to pull off• Strong visual contrast• Best for cartoon/surreal

scenes


• Two pairs of opposing color

• Best use for foreground / background

• Never use 25% for each• Hard, but pleasing

Tetradic /

Double Complementary

Colours Combinations


Monochromatic Relationship Complementary Relationship



Split-Complementary Relationship

One hue plus two others equally spaced

from its complement.

Double-Complementary Relationship

Two complementary colour sets; the distance between selected

complementary pairs will effect the overall contrast of the final composition



Analogous RelationshipTriad Relationship

Three hues equally positionedon a colour wheel.

Summary


Saturation: Don’t overdo it. Best for highlight areas of interest, or telling story

Value: Use values of high contrast to draw attention.

Summary


Use color harmonies for pleasing combination

1. Monochromatic : one color2. Analogous: adjacent color3. Triadic: Equally distant color4. Complimentary: opposing colors5. Slipt-Complimentary: one complimentary end extended6. Double –complimentary: two pairs of opposing color

The material

The basic Principles of COLOUR theory

Student need to bring :

Poster Color

Drawing Brush

A3 Size Drawing Block

30cm Long Ruler Plastic Cup

• Old Fabric/cloth• Old newspaper

Assignment 2.1:

The Tint, Tone, Shade Color Bar


These four basic parameters – hue, tint, shade and tone, let us recreate billions of individual colors the human eye is capable of discerning.

Assignment 2.1:

The Tint, Tone, Shade Color Bar


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