Colonialism in North America

Ms. HuntUnit 2

RMS IB 2013-2014

Reasons for European Exploration and Colonization

1. Renaissance: curiosity about other lands and peoples.

2. Reformation: refugees & missionaries wish to spread Christianity

3. Money, money, money, money, money. New source of revenue for monarchs and wealthy merchants

4. Fame and fortune by claiming new lands

Does this sound familiar?!

Reasons to Colonize North America?• THE THREE Gs!– Gold• Trade and resources

– Glory• North America became a competition and a “land grab”

– God• Puritans in New England

Sir Francis Drake• The first Englishman to sail

around the world. – Drake's successful battles

against the Spanish helped England become very powerful.

• Francis Drake raided the Spanish treasure fleets. – He brought gold and jewels

home to England.– When the Spanish complained

to Queen Elizabeth, she knighted him “Sir Francis Drake”!

– He was a pirate with permission.

Sir Francis Drake

TURN AND TALK!-Why do you think he wanted to be painted with his hand on a globe?-What does this image tell us about European attitudes?

John Cabot• Italian-born but sailed for the

English• Landed in Canada in 1497– Mission's purpose- to search for

a Northwest passage across North America to Asia

• Explored the Canadian coastline and named many of its islands and capes

• Claimed the land for England

Jacques Cartier• Wanted to find a

Northwest Passage to India and the Spice Islands– April 1534: King

Francis of France funded his first solo expedition

• He wanted to sell watches as his family was wealthy French merchants

Samuel de Champlain• French explorer and navigator • Mapped much of northeastern North

America • Started a settlement in Quebec– led 32 colonists to settle Quebec in order to

establish it as a fur-trading center• 1604-1607, he sailed around and charted

most of the coast of Nova Scotia, the coast to Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard and Rhode Island– helped found a colony in Port Royal, Nova Scotia

3 Types of Colonies• Trading Posts– Did not encourage immigrants to settle – Only wanted trade– French in Canada and Dutch in Manhattan

• Plantations– Based on slave labor

• Settler Colonies– Whole families of immigrants– English

The Big Three Colonies

• Jamestown - Trade– 1067: first permanent English colony in the New

World– The colony was set up for trade of raw materials

• Profitable cash crop: Tobacco– Captain John Smith to the rescue!

• Plymouth – Religious Freedom– Settled by Pilgrims- separatists from the Church of

England• Massachusetts Bay Colony – Religious Freedom– The Puritans separate from the Church of England

Economics in the North American Colonies GOLD!

• Export driven economy• Fur Trade– French explored unmapped mountains, forests,

and streams.– Fur made lots of $$$$$$$ when sold in Europe to

wealthy women• Cash Crop Plantations– In the South– Led to the Slave Trade– Chief export- Tobacco

Politics of the North American Colonies GLORY!

• French, Spanish and English scramble for territory. (More territory equals more power.)– The French colonize in modern day Canada and along

the Mississippi.– The English colonize along the east coast.– The Spanish colonize Florida.

• The colonies soon found themselves without representation in government.– Turn and Talk- Why is this a big deal?

Culture in the North American ColoniesGOD!

• Religion– Puritans settled in New England – Left England to separate themselves from the

Church of England to purify the religion

Turn and Talk- There was no unified culture when the North American colonies were established. Why do you think that is?

Reflection

• Complete your reflection on the “gluing page” behind your guided notes.

• Focus your reflection on the different types of colonies which were established in North America.– Do not forget to use the green sheet at the front

of your I.Notebook for ideas!