COLONIAL SOCIETY ON THE EVE OF REVOLUTION CHAPTERS 4 …
Transcript of COLONIAL SOCIETY ON THE EVE OF REVOLUTION CHAPTERS 4 …
C H A P T E R S 4 A N D 5 I N A M E R I C A N PA G E A N T
C O L O N I A L S O C I E T Y O N T H E E V E O F R E V O L U T I O N
T H E U N H E A LT H Y C H E S A P E A K E
T H E C H E S A P E A K E
• Life expectancy 10 years less than N.E.
• Vastly greater numbers of men than women
• On average, one spouse would die within 7 years of marriage
• Population, health, and gender imbalance begins to stabilize by the 18th century
T H E E N I G M A O F T H E S O U T H
T H E E N I G M A O F T H E S O U T H
• Strict social order - FFV, small farmer, landless whites, indentured, and African slaves
• Due to large plantation size and ag. based economy, cities, infrastructure, political entities, and education slower to develop
• However, women have greater rights/roles in Southern colonies. Men often died early, leaving property and inheritance to wives
T H E P I O U S N O R T H
N E W E N G L A N D C O L O N I E S
• Greater life expectancy than other regions or Europe
• People, due to healthier diets and lifestyles are more fertile than other regions, leading to larger families
• Towns were well organized, and intentionally designed
• Towns of over 50 people required to have a school
• Town meetings form center of political process (pure democracy!)
• Half-way covenant and the Salem Witch Trials
G R O W I N G N AT I O N
• Between 1700-1775, slaves grow in # from 300,000 to 2.5 million
• Philadelphia, NY, Boston, Charleston= 4 major cities
• Christian faith
• Scots/Irish = Presbyterian or Catholic
• Germans = Lutheran
T H E G R E AT A W A K E N I N GT H E F I R S T S P O N TA N E O U S M A S S M O V E M E N T I N A M E R I C A N H I S T O R Y
T H E ( F I R S T ) G R E AT A W A K E N I N G
• 1730s - 1740s
• Based in 'revival' meetings
• Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
• Old Lights v. New Lights
• New Lights -> Founding of Baptists and Methodists, as well as Princeton, Brown, and Dartmouth
C O L O N I A L E D U C AT I O NA VA R I E D E N T E R P R I S E
C O L O N I A L E D U C AT I O N / L I T E R A C Y
• New England implements public education in most communities by mid 17th century (South will not follow until 18th century)
• Most education developed as means of instructing in religion and the Bible
• Doctrine and dogma stressed in lessons
• Colleges developed to prepare young men for ministry
• University of Pennsylvania (1740) established by Ben Franklin (of course), is first non denominational college in America
• Poor Richard's Almanac - Typical almanac info along with character education and jokes (edited by Franklin during mid 18th century)