The Cold War 1947- 1991 Review, The Cold War Review, The Cold War.
COLD WAR 1
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Transcript of COLD WAR 1
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COLD WAR 1
1945-1962
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What is the United Nations?
• An international organization to keep peace in the world
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What is communism?
• An economic system in which all property and means of production are owned by society as a whole (i.e., by the gov’t. in the name of the people)
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What is socialism?• An economic system in which
the government owns and controls the means of production, like power plants, transportation, and communication
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What was the Cold War?
• The war of words between the United States and the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1991
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What was the Truman Doctrine?
• U.S. would defend free peoples who were resisting attempted subjugation (control) by armed minorities or outside pressure groups
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What President was responsible for the
Marshall Plan?
•Harry Truman
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What was the Marshall Plan?
•U.S. economic aid program to European nations after World War II
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What was the dual purpose of the Marshall Plan?
•Rebuild European economies
•Stop the spread of communism
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What was containment?
• The American policy to limit communism to those areas where it already existed
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What was the non-communist part of
Germany during the Cold War?
•West Germany
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What was the communist part of Germany during
the Cold War?
•East Germany
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Who was Alger Hiss?
• A U.S. State Department official charged with giving secret documents to the Soviets
• Convicted of perjury
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Who were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg?
• A couple who worked on the U.S. atomic project
• They were convicted of espionage and executed
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What is espionage?
Spying
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What federal agency coordinates the spy
activities of the United States government?
•Central Intelligence Agency or CIA
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What was NATO?• A defensive military alliance
of U.S. and Western European countries
• An attack on one would be considered an attack on all
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Who was the Communist Chinese
leader?
•Mao Zedong
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Who was the anti-communist Chinese
leader?
•Chiang Kai-shek
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What is Taiwan?
• Anti-communist nation founded on the island of Formosa when Chiang fled China
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Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy?
• A Republican senator who accused many American officials of being communists
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What was McCarthyism?
• Unfairly accusing others of disloyalty and subversion (overthrow of the government)
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Which is the communist Korea?
•North Korea
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Which is non-communist Korea?
•South Korea
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What was the Korean War?
• The 1950-1953 war caused when communist North Korea invaded anti-communist South Korea
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Who was president when the Korean War
began?
•Harry S. Truman
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Who was president when the Korean
War ended?
•Dwight D. Eisenhower
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What were the Army-McCarthy Hearings?
• Televised investigations of alleged communist influence in U.S. Army
• Revealed that Senator Joseph McCarthy had made many false charges
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Which president was associated with massive
retaliation?
• Dwight D. Eisenhower
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What was Massive Retaliation?
• President Eisenhower’s policy that the U.S. would use swift all-out military actions against any nation committing aggression (attack)
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What was the Bay of Pigs?
• The CIA sponsored invasion of Cuba by Cuban exiles to overthrow Castro. It failed!
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What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
• Soviets placed nuclear missiles in Cuba
• U.S. blockaded Cuba• Soviets removed the missiles
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Who was the Soviet leader during the Cuban
Missile Crisis?
•Nikita Khrushchev