Cognitive Information Processing - Decoders

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Chapter 3: Cognitive Information Processing By: Christy and Shelly

Transcript of Cognitive Information Processing - Decoders

Chapter 3:Cognitive

Information Processing

By: Christy and Shelly

Sensory Memory1. The first stage of information

processing.a. Five senses are involvedb. Holds information in the

memory for a brief amount of time until information is processed.

Sensory Memory Selective Attention

✘ What the learner is able to select and process all while ignoring other information.

Automaticity:✘ Tasks are overlearned

or sources of information become habitual to the extent that the attention requirements are minimal

Pattern Recognition

✘ Refers to the process whereby environmental stimuli are recognized as exemplars of concepts and principles already in memory

Stroop Effect✘ When a person has

difficulty recalling information because of using conflicting skills

Working Memory

✘This is your short-term memory.✘Processing is carried out even

further to ready it for long term storage.

✘Holds information for a short amount of time.

✘Information is limited.

Strategies to Enhance Your Short Term Memory

Chunking: Creating larger bits of something in order to memorize it

Rehearsal: Repetition of something in order to memorize it.

Encoding: Relating something to something important or using mnemonics to help remember something.

Long Term Memory✘ Permanent home for information.✘ Long term information is transferred from short

term memory to long term memory.✘ Can retain unlimited information.

Semantic Memory:- General

information that can be recalled independently of how it was learned.

Episodic Memory:- Memory for

specific events

Retrieval: Once information is in the LTM, it can be retrieved for use, retained or forgotten.

Recall: Information is retrieved with no cues, or hints to help them remember.

Recognition: uses a set of pre generated stimuli.

Forgetting: Failure to encode, retrieve and interference.● Failure to Encode: Information given during retrieval was never learned.● Failure to Retrieve: inability to access previously learned information● Interference: other events or information got in the way of effective retrieval