Cog. Prob. #3 Move only one glass to have them arranged so that full and empty glasses alternate.
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Transcript of Cog. Prob. #3 Move only one glass to have them arranged so that full and empty glasses alternate.
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Cog. Prob. #3
Move only one glass to have them arranged so that full and empty glasses alternate.
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Unnecessary Constraints
Move only one glass to have them arranged so that full and empty glasses alternate.
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Memorize this…
You will be given 30 seconds to memorize each list of words…
After the 30 seconds you will be asked to write down as many words as you remember
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alligator - apple - arrow - baby - bird - book - butterfly - car - corn -
flower - hammer - house - money - microscope - ocean - pencil - rock
- shoes - table - window
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anger - belief - boredom - chance - concept - effort - fate - freedom - glory - happiness - honor - hope -
idea - interest - knowledge - mercy - mood - moral - theory -
truth
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ator - botam - crov - difim - firap - glimoc - ricul- hilnim - jolib -
kepwin - leptav - lumal - mib - natpem - peyrim - rispaw - stiwin -
tubiv - vopec - yapib
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Why was the first list easier? The ability to remember a word
depends on how meaningful the word is to a person.
Additionally, the "concreteness" of a word is important for memory. Concreteness refers the ability of a word
to form a mental image. A word with high concreteness is easy to
"see"; a word with low concreteness (an "abstract" word) is difficult to visualize.
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THREE is the KEY for MEMORY
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MEMORY
The power or process of reproducing or recalling what
has been learned and retained
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Memory
Sensory
Short Term
Long Term
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Transferring information so the nervous system can process it
Visual CodeAcoustic CodeSemantic Code
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Process by which information is remembered over a period of time.
A few seconds ?Depends on effort during encoding…
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Process of obtaining information that has been stored in memory
How well it is retrieved depends on how effectively it was encoded and
stored!
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3 Types of Memory
1. Sensory Memory2. Short Term Memory3. Long Term Memory
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Sensory Memory
Very brief (1-2 seconds) memory storage immediately following initial stimulation of a receptor.
Two Types: Iconic Memory – visual sensory information Echoic Memory – auditory sensory information
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Sensory Memory
Prevents us from being overwhelmed…Anything you do not pay attention to vanishes in seconds
Gives us some decision timeAllows you to decide whether it is worth paying attention to.
If you choose to pay attention, the info is automatically transferred to short-term memory.
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Short Term Memory
The capacity for holding a small amount of information in mind in an active, readily available state for a short period of time
Capacity? Limited to about seven
unrelated items. (+/- 2)
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MEMORY ACTIVITYYou are about to do a
short term memory test. A few letters will flash on the screen for 4 seconds. Your job is
to write down as many letters as you can
remember AFTER they disappear.
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 1
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Memory Activity
Trial 1UM
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 1
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 2
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Memory Activity
Trial 2TZLD
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 2
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 3
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Memory Activity
Trial 3KXCEJO
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 3
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 4
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Memory Activity
Trial 4AVCYISEH
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 4
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 5
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Memory Activity
Trial 5LBFQRPMAUX
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 5
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Memory Activity
Get Ready for Trial 6
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Memory Activity
Trial 6ZQECTBUMONR
V
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Memory Activity
Write down all the letters you remember
for Trial 6
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MEMORY ACTIVITY
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Strategy?
What (if anything) did you do to help
yourself remember the
letters?
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STM… Maintenance Rehearsal: a system for remembering that involves repeating information to oneself without attempting to find meaning in it.
Chunking: the process of grouping items to make them easier to remember
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Experiment:
1. Number your papers from one to twenty.
2. You will see a list of terms - try to remember them in order.
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Going Shopping!!!Memorize the list of items below starting now
MilkCheese ButterEggsFlourApplesGrapesShampooBreadGround Beef
CerealKetchupGreen BeansJamPicklesBolognaOrangesCoffeeHash BrownsYogurt
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Primacy/Recency Effect
The middle items on a list typically are harder to remember because your attention is split between trying to remember previous items and trying to rehearse new ones.
• WORKING MEMORY: Working with current information STM is also referred to as this LTM can also fit here – info stored being
recalled for current purposes
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Long Term Memory The storage of and UNLIMITED AMOUNT of
information over extended periods of time…(forever?) LTM involves all the previous processes
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Types of LTM
Procedural: Permanent storage of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection
Declarative: stored knowledge that can be called forth consciously as needed
Episodic: Chronological retention of the events of one’s life Everyone’s is unique
Semantic: Knowledge of language, including its rules, words and meaning Shared with other speakers of language
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1. First kiss 10. Using a computer
2. Riding a bike 11. Spell C-A-T
3. First day in high school 12. Playing the piano
4. List the 50 states 13. Describe a fight to someone
5. Define “memory”
6. Tying a shoe
7. Writing notes off an overhead
8. Formula for classical conditioning
9. Witnessing a car accident