Coconut Development Board.pdf

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Health Benefits Cultivation Statistics/Price Publications Application Forms Download Tenders F.A.Q. Vacancy Staff Corner Contact Us Health Benefits Cultivation Statistics/Price Publications Application Forms Download Tenders F.A.Q. Vacancy Staff Corner Contact Us Organization Schemes Technology Mission Coconut Products Processing Technology Directory Information Export Promotion Council Journal Subscription Exhibitions / Seminars D.S.P. Farms Technology Devpt.Centre Trainings / Demonstrations Board Meeting Minutes of Meetings / Articles MSP Copra Procurement Innovative Ideas Right to Information Discussion Forum Organization Schemes Technology Mission Coconut Products Processing Technology Directory Information Export Promotion Council Journal Subscription Exhibitions / Seminars D.S.P. Farms Technology Devpt.Centre Trainings / Demonstrations Board Meeting Minutes of Meetings / Articles MSP Copra Procurement Innovative Ideas Right to Information Discussion Forum PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF COCONUT 1. Introduction 2. Climate and Soil 3. Varieties 4. Planting Material 5. Site Selection 6. Preparation of Land & Planting 7. Spacing & Systems of Planting 8. Time of Planting 9. Planting 10. Care of young Palms 11. Manuring 12. Irrigation 13. Intercultivation 14. Husk Burial 15. Green Manure and Cover Crops 16. Mixed/Inter/Multispecies cropping 17. Mixed farming 18. Plant protection :: Other Related Links :: 1.Introduction The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera linn.) is the most useful palm in the world. Every part of the tree is useful to human life for some purpose or the other. Hence, the coconut palm is endearingly called ‘kalpavriksha’ meaning the tree of heaven. The copra obtained by drying the kernel of coconut is the richest source of vegetable oil containing 65 to 70 per cent oil. 2. Climate and Soil The coconut palm is found to grow under varying climatic and soil conditions. It is essentially a tropical plant growing mostly between 20 o N 20 o S latitudes. However, a rainfall of about 2000 mm per year, well distributed throughout, is ideal for proper growth and maximum production. Coconut is grown under different soil types such as loamy, laterite, coastal sandy, alluvial, clayey and reclaimed soils of the marshy low lands. The ideal soil conditions for better growth and performance of the palm are proper drainage, good waterholding capacity, presence of water table within 3m and absence of rock or any hard substratum within 2m of the surface. 3. Varieties Tall Varieties Friends of Coconut Tree Coconut Producers' Society Photo Gallery Media says on coconut

Transcript of Coconut Development Board.pdf

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25/03/2015 Package of Practices of Coconut :: Coconut Development Board ::

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Health Benefits  Cultivation Statistics/Price Publications  Application Forms  Download Tenders F.A.Q.  Vacancy Staff Corner  Contact Us 

Health Benefits  Cultivation Statistics/Price Publications  Application Forms  Download Tenders F.A.Q.  Vacancy Staff Corner  Contact Us 

 

 

 OrganizationSchemesTechnology MissionCoconut ProductsProcessing Technology Directory InformationExport Promotion CouncilJournal SubscriptionExhibitions / SeminarsD.S.P. FarmsTechnology Devpt.CentreTrainings / DemonstrationsBoard MeetingMinutes of Meetings / ArticlesMSP Copra ProcurementInnovative IdeasRight to InformationDiscussion ForumOrganizationSchemesTechnology MissionCoconut ProductsProcessing Technology Directory InformationExport Promotion CouncilJournal SubscriptionExhibitions / SeminarsD.S.P. FarmsTechnology Devpt.CentreTrainings / DemonstrationsBoard MeetingMinutes of Meetings / ArticlesMSP Copra ProcurementInnovative IdeasRight to InformationDiscussion Forum

 

PACKAGE OF PRACTICES OF COCONUT1. Introduction2. Climate and Soil3. Varieties4. Planting Material5. Site Selection6. Preparation of Land & Planting7. Spacing & Systems of Planting8. Time of Planting9. Planting

10. Care of young Palms11. Manuring12. Irrigation13. Intercultivation14. Husk Burial15. Green Manure and Cover Crops16. Mixed/Inter/Multispecies cropping17. Mixed farming18. Plant protection

:: Other Related Links ::

 

 

 

1.Introduction

The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera linn.) is the most useful palm in the world. Every part of the tree  isuseful  to  human  life  for  some  purpose  or  the  other.  Hence,  the  coconut  palm  is  endearingly  called‘kalpavriksha’ meaning  the  tree of heaven. The copra obtained by drying  the kernel of  coconut  is  therichest source of vegetable oil containing 65 to 70 per cent oil.

 

 

 

2. Climate and Soil

The coconut palm is found to grow under varying climatic and soil conditions. It is essentially a  tropical

plant growing mostly between 20oN 20oS latitudes. However, a rainfall of about 2000 mm per year, welldistributed throughout, is ideal for proper growth and maximum production. 

Coconut is grown under different soil types such as loamy, laterite, coastal sandy, alluvial, clayey andreclaimed soils of the marshy low lands. The ideal soil conditions for better growth and performance ofthe  palm  are  proper  drainage,  good  waterholding  capacity,  presence  of  water  table  within  3m  andabsence of rock or any hard substratum within 2m of the surface.

 

 

3. Varieties

Tall Varieties

 

 

 

Friends ofCoconut Tree

CoconutProducers' Society

Photo Gallery

Media says on coconut

 

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Dwarf Varieties  Suitable for Tender coconut

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HYBRID VARIETIES

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 There are only two distinct varieties of coconut, the tall and the dwarf. 

The tall cultivars that are extensively grown are the West Coast Tall and East Coast Tall. The dwarfvariety  is  shorter  in  stature  and  its  life  span  is  short  as  compared  to  the  tall.  Tall  x  Dwarf  (TxD),Dwarf x Tall (DxT) are the two important hybrids. 

There are 10 different combination of hybrids, developed by Kerala Agriculture University and TamilNadu Agriculture  University  and  released  for  commercial  cultivation.  They  are  high  yielders  underthe  good  management  conditions.  Laccadive  Ordinary,  Andaman  Ordinary,  Philippines,  Java,CochinChina, Kappadam etc. are the other tall cultivars under cultivation.

 

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4. Planting Material

Coconut  is propagated  through seedlings  raised  from selected  seednuts. Generally  9  to  12 month oldseedlings are used for planting. Select seedlings, which have 68 leaves and 1012 cm collar girth whenthey are 912 month old. Early splitting of leaves is another criteria in the selection of coconut seedling.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Site Selection

Shallow soils with underlying hard  rock,  low  lying areas  subject  to water  stagnation and  clayey  soilsare to be avoided. Proper supply of moisture either through well distributed rainfall or  through  irrigationshould be ensured before planting.

 

 

 

6. Preparation of Land and Planting

On  slopes  and  in  areas  of  undulating  terrain,prepare the land by contour terracing or bunding.  Inlowlying  areas  mounds  are  to  be  formed  atplanting site to a height of at least 1m above waterlevel.  In  reclaimed  ‘kayal’  areas,  seedlings  areplanted on field bunds. 

In  loamy  soils  with  low  water  table,  a  pit  size  of1mx1mx1m  is  recommended.  In  laterite  soils withunderlying  rocks,  take  larger  pits  of  size  1.2m  x1.2m  x  1.2m.  In  sandy  soils  the  size  need  notexceed 0.75m x 0.75m x 0.75 m.

 

 

7. Spacing and Systems of Planting

Spacing  depends  upon  the  planting  system,  soil  type  etc.  In  general  the  following  spacing  arerecommended under different planting system in sandy and laterite soils.

  Planting system Spacing

1 Triangular 7.6m

2 Square 7.6x7.6m, 8x8m, 9x9 m

3 Single 6.5m in rows  9m between rows

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4 Double Hedge 6.5 to 6.5m in rows  9m between pairs of rows

 

 

8. Time of Planting

Seedlings  can be  transplanted  in  the beginning of  the  south west monsoon.  If  irrigation  facilities  areavailable, it  is advisable to take up planting at least a month before the onset of  the monsoon so thatthe seedlings get well established before heavy rains. Planting can also be taken up before the onsetof  the  northeast  monsoon.  In  lowlying  areas  subject  to  inundation  during  monsoon  period,transplanting may be done after the cessation of the monsoon.

 

  

9. Planting

Before planting the pits are filled up with top soil and powdered cow dung / compost up to a depth of 50to 60 cm. Then  take a small pit  inside  this, so as  to accommodate  the nut attached  to  the seedling.Plant  the  seedling  inside  this  pit  and  fill  up  with  soil.  Press  the  soil  well  so  as  to  avoid  waterstagnation.  If  there  is  chance  for whiteant attack apply Sevidol  8G(5gm.)  inside  the  small  pit  beforeplanting. 

In laterite areas apply 2 kg common salt per pit for improving the physical condition of the soil. Burying25 to 30 coconut husks per pit in layers will be useful for moisture conservation.

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