CO2 Emissions India_Kazim Raza Syed

8/17/2019 CO2 Emissions India_Kazim Raza Syed

1/13

CO2 Emissions IndiaKAZIM RAZA SYED

ME3 2015-17

Submitted as a partial fulfillment towards EEE policy course;

Course Instructor – Prof. A. Fazekas


2/13

Structure of Presentation

• Fundamental Notions

• The Indian Context:Energy related parameters of the country such as population, GDP/cap, etc

• Energy consumption of India

• Comparison of GDP and energy use of India with other countries

• Emission of CO2

by India (from three different sources)

• Important conclusions

• Problems to be solved

• Indian Government initiatives towards climate change problem

• Sources of data


3/13

Fundamental notions

•

Gross domestic product (GDP):It is defined as “an aggregate measure of production equal to the sum of the groall resident, institutional units engaged in production (plus any taxes, and minusproducts not included in the value of their outputs)”. GDP/capita is calculated bvalue of country by its population in that respective year.

• Tonnes of oil equivalent (TOE):The tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of eneburning one tonne of crude oil. 1 toe = 41.868 gigajoules (GJ)

• Energy intensityEnergy intensity is a measure of the energy efficiency of a nation's economy. It isof energy per unit of GDP.


4/13

The Indian Context

• Land area cover = 3.287 million Km2 (7th Largest in world) Data Y2014 [1]

• Population = over 1.276 billion (2nd highest after China) Data yea2014 [2]

• Percentage of population below national poverty line = 21.9% Da

year 2011 [3] • Literacy rate (% of population above 15 yrs) = 69% of total

population above 15 yrs. Data year = 2014 [4]

• Forest cover = 23.7 % of total area Data year = 2014 [5]


5/13

ENERGY CONSUMPTION

• ENERGY CONSUMPTION (MTOE) = 511.54 (yr 2012) [6] • Share of Industry consumption = 40%

• Share of Transport consumption = 14%

• Share of Residential consumption = 36%China, India shogrowth in consu

US shows growtslight fall after

Germany showsfalling trend


6/13

Comparison of GDP and Energy use

•

Indian GDP/capita (US dollars) [7] as compared to Energy use (kg of o/capita [8] for different countries world wide:

1449.7

6264.6

43931.746,679.30

51456.7

624 21433886 3546

6815

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

India China Germany Japan United States

GDP/cap (US dollars) yr 2014 Energy use (kg of oil equivalent/capita)

GDP/cap anuse/cap shotrend for dicountries

India and Cmuch lowerGDP/cap anuse/cap, dupopulation

countries


7/13

Emissions of CO2 in India

• Carbon dioxide emission (Kilo tonnes of CO2) of India from various da

500000

700000

900000

1100000

1300000

1500000

1700000

1900000

2100000

2300000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

World Bank database

EC database

IEA database

World Bank datahighest values ofeach year. (1990Giga-tonnes of C

European CommCentre EDGAR da

intermediate va(1990-2013, Maxof CO2 in 2013)

International Engives the lowestemissions for eacMax.= 1.95 Giga

WORLD AVG. = 3


8/13

Important conclusions

• India’s GDP is increasing and simultaneously the CO2 emissions will also inc

• India’s Energy use per capita is very less but still it is contributing moremission as compared to developed nations like Germany. In future as themore developed, slight increase in CO2 emission/capita will lead to huge inCO2 emissions. This can be attributed to large population of country whichto grow further.

• The energy consumption is mainly for Industrial (~40%) and residentia

Therefore reduction of energy usage by utilizing higher efficiency solutipriority for reducing energy demand. Promotion of renewable energy solutiPV for both these sectors will also be significant.

• The CO2 emissions have reached 2.07 giga tonnes of CO2 which is rougaverage CO2 emissions during 2011-12.

• About 21% population is below poverty line (


9/13

Problems to be solved:

• The biggest problem India faces similar to China is the growing popu

the per capita energy usage is less now, India’s CO2 emissions are coother countries. India has to reduce its population growth rate.

• Education and literacy is still very low. This needs to be tackled immwill in turn lead the general public to be aware about problems of and more responsible towards energy wastage.

• Investment in renewable energy technology. Since currently most energy technology suffer from energy storage issues, India should loother low carbon emission solutions of generation such as nuclear anThus India should try to have a healthy mixture of low-carbon emistechnologies thereby simultaneously retaining the grid stability.

• Many villages in India are still not fully connected to grid and often combustion for electricity generation. Off-grid renewable energy sbe setup by government for these villages until grid expansion is com


10/13


11/13

Indian Government Initiatives:National Action plan on Climate Change (NAC

1. National Solar mission

2. National mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency

3. National mission on Sustainable Habitat

4. National water mission

5. National mission for sustaining the Himalayan

6. National mission for a Green India

7. National mission for Sustainable Agriculture

8. National mission for Strategic Knowledge for Climate change.

These initiatives also include sub-mission such as Rural electrification renewable energy and Carbon credit systems under Green India missio


12/13

Sources of data

[1] Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India)

[2] World Bank Database: Total population (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/[3] World Bank Database: Poverty headcount at national poverty lines (% of popula

(http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHC )

[4] World Bank Database: Literacy rate (% of population above 15 yrs)(http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZS )

[5] World Bank Database: Forest cover (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.

[6] International Energy Agency: Total Final Consumption (Mtoe)(http://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=-1002896040 )

[7] World Bank Database: GDP/capita (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GD

[8] World Bank Database: Energy use (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.US

[9] World Bank Database: CO2 emission (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN

[10] EU commission, Joint Research Centre, EDGAR- Emission database for Global A

( http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts1990-2013 )

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTLhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTLhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHChttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHChttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZShttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZShttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZShttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZShttp://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=-1002896040http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OEhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OEhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KThttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KThttp://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts1990-2013http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts1990-2013http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts1990-2013http://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/overview.php?v=CO2ts1990-2013http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KThttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OEhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDhttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CDhttp://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=-1002896040http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.LND.FRST.ZShttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.ADT.LITR.ZShttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHChttp://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTLhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India


13/13

Sources of data

[11] International Energy Agency: CO2 emission (http://energyatlas.iea.org/?subje

[12] World Bank database: CO2 emissions(http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&seriesperiod )

[13] National Action Plan on Climate Change, Government of India, Prime Minister’schange (http://www.moef.nic.in/modules/about-the-ministry/CCD/NAP_E.pd
http://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=1378539487http://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=1378539487http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.KT&periodhttp://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.KT&periodhttp://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.KT&periodhttp://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.KT&periodhttp://www.moef.nic.in/modules/about-the-ministry/CCD/NAP_E.pdfhttp://www.moef.nic.in/modules/about-the-ministry/CCD/NAP_E.pdfhttp://www.moef.nic.in/modules/about-the-ministry/CCD/NAP_E.pdfhttp://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&country=&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.KT&periodhttp://energyatlas.iea.org/?subject=1378539487

CO2 Emissions India_Kazim Raza Syed

Documents

Transcript of CO2 Emissions India_Kazim Raza Syed