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IN JAPANIN JAPAN

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History y Japanese cooperatives began in the Meiji Era

of the nineteenth century.y During the Edo period (1603-1867), mutual

assistance groups were started among lesseconomically powerful individuals [Chikuji

1992].y In 1900, the Industry Cooperative Law was

passed in the parliament.

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Contd.y Cooperatives in Japan mainly focused on agriculture.y In 1938, cooperatives faced a turning point.y In 1947, the Agricultural Cooperative Law was

established and encouraged the creation of localcooperatives.

y Picture????

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Consumer Co-operativesy Cooperatives are a major presence in the Japanese world of retail distribution.

y The 158 independent Japanese co-operativesocieties presently hold 2.8 percent of the Japanese retail market share.

y Retail consumer cooperatives in Japan nowhave 17 million members (2007), a growth of almost 900,000 members over 2006.

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B usiness and Activities of Japanese Co-operatives

y A variety of persons who shouldermanagement of cooperatives.

y

Community Welfare Center: Community Careand Community Business .y New partnership with local government under

the proposal method.

y Legislation of Worker Cooperatives

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Health Co-operativesy H ealth co-operatives are prominent in Japan and

involve various facilities.y The focus of health co-operatives is on preventativecare and community health.y Small groups of approximately ten individuals at the

neighbourhood level, are the foundation of the co-

operative health system in the country.y These health co-operatives partner with international

organizations and other members of the Asia PacificH ealth Co-operative Organization.

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Ex ampley The Nagano H ealth Co-op

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Agricultural Co-operativesy The Japanese agricultural

cooperatives are analyzed frominstitutional perspectives.

y They developed as multipurpose

cooperatives bearing triple naturesas state agency, pressure group andcooperative per se.

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R oles and Effe ctiveness of Agricultural Cooperatives in Japany Japanese agriculture cooperatives (JACs)

make up a huge organizational network in Japan.

y Farmers in Tsuchiura and Yatabe areasprimarily cultivate lotus and organic rice,

respectively.y Agricultural cooperatives are important

organizations that have helped in Japan's

rapid agro-economic development.

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Con clusiony The future holds challenges for co-

operatives in Japan.y The co-operatives are facing the changing

patterns of their members andimplementing a series of major adjustments.

y Co-operatives are again leading the way inmeeting the needs of a changing Japanesesociety.