CMH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (CIMS) BAHAWALPUR

1

1st

Year MBBS Curriculum

(1ST

Module)

CMH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (CIMS)

BAHAWALPUR

2

CONTENTS

Sr. No. Topics Page No.

1. Calendar of 1st Year MBBS Class 4

2. Weekly Time Table 5

3. Module Theme 6

4. Teaching Hours 7

5.

Department of Anatomy

a. Faculty

b. Recommended books

c. General Anatomy

d. Embryology

e. Histology

f. Gross Anatomy (upper limb)

g. Histology (Practical)

8

9

10

11

13

15

18

6. Department of Physiology

a. Faculty

20

3


c. Lectures

d. Practical

21

22

28

7.

Department of Biochemistry

a. Faculty


c. Lectures

d. Practical

31

32

33

36

8.

Department of Medical Education

a. Faculty

b. Topics

40

4

CALENDAR OF 1ST YEAR MBBS CLASS 2017 / 2018 (26 Weeks)

EVENTS From To

Orientation Lecture 15 Jan 2018

1st Module (08 Weeks) 15 Jan 2018 10 March 2018

1st Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 05 March 2018 10 Mar 2018*

2nd Module (10 Weeks) 12 Mar 2018 19 May 2018

Sports Week 20 Mar 2018 22 Mar 2018

2nd Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 14 May 2018 19 May 2018*

3rd Module (10 Weeks) 21 May 2018 26 Aug 2017

Summer Vacation & Eid-ul-Fitr Leave (30 days) 26 May 2018 24 Jun 2018

3rd Module (Self-directed learning & End module Exam) 13 Aug 2018 18 Aug 2018*

Eid-ul-Azha Leave 19 Aug 2018 26 Aug 2018

Revision classes (02 Weeks) 27 Aug 2018 08 Sep 2018

Prep Leave Pre-Annual Exam 09 Sep 2018 16 Sep 2018

Pre Annual Exam (Theory) 17 Sep 2018 22 Sep 2018

Prep Leave Annual Exam 23 Sep 2018 18 Oct 2018

Annual Exam 19 Oct 2018 03 Nov 2018

* Saturdays during the modular & Pre Annual exams will be working days.

5

WEEKLY TIME TABLE

1st YEAR MBBS CLASS (FIRST MODULE)

2017 / 2018

Days 0800-0930 0935-1030 1030-

1100 1105-1200 1205-1300 1300-1500

Mon

Demo & Dissection

Gross Anatomy

General Anatomy

Lecture

TE

A B

RE

AK

Physiology

Lecture

Biochemistry

Lecture

Practical

Anatomy/ Physio/ Biochem

Tue

Demo & Dissection

Gross Anatomy

Embryology

Lecture

Physiology

Lecture

Biochemistry

Lecture

Practical

Anatomy/ Physio/ Biochem

Wed

Demo & Dissection

Gross Anatomy

Histology

Lecture

Physiology

Lecture

Biochemistry

Lecture

Practical

Anatomy/ Physio / Biochem

Thurs

Demo & Dissection

Gross Anatomy

Community

Medicine /

Behavioral

Sciences/ Med

Education

Physiology

Lecture Medicine Lecture

CBL Session

Anatomy /Physio / Biochem

Fri

Demo & Dissection

Gross Anatomy

Islamiat / Pak

Studies Lecture

Physiology

Lecture

Surgery Lecture /

Radiology

1300-1400

FRI

PRAYER

Tutorial

(Batches)

6

MODULE THEME

MODULES BLOCKS THEMES ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY

Y1M1

1. Introduction

2. Cells and genetics

3. Blood

4. Locomotor (Upper limb)

Gross anatomy

Upper limb

General Anatomy

General anatomical terms

Bone

Joints

Muscular system Nervous

system-I (Introduction)

Embryology

Mitosis and meiosis,

Gametogenesis

Ovulation &Implantation

1st week of development

2nd week of development

3rd week of development

Histology

Cell(Introduction, staining,

cytoskeleton, cell junctions)

Surface and glandular

epithelium

Connective tissue(General)

Bone

Cartilage

Muscle

Cell, transport and

general physiology +

Genetics

Nerve and membrane

potential

Muscle physiology

Blood

Immunity

Chemistry of Protein

Nucleotides and

Nucleic Acid

Porphyrins &

Hemoglobin

Biochemistry of Cell &

Biological membrane

7

TEACHING HOURS

Total Weeks/Hours: 8 weeks/ 280 Hours (0800-1500)

Anatomy :

o Demos : 40 5/Week 60 hours

o practical: 08 1/Week 36 hours

o Histo Lectures: 08 1/Week 8 Hours

o Embryo Lectures : 08 1/Week 8 Hours

o GA Lectures : 08 1/Week 8 Hours

Total 120 hours

Physiology :

o Lectures : 40 5/Week 40 Hours

o Practical: 08 1/Week 36 Hours

Total 76 hours

Biochemistry :

o Lectures : 24 3/Week 24 hours

o practical: 08 1/Week 36 hours

Total 60 hours

CBLs :

o CBLs : 8 1/Week 12 hours

Med Education: 4 hours

Medicine: 4 hours

Surgery: 4 hours

Radiology: 2 hours

8

DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY

S.No Faculty Course

1. Professor: Dr. Fareed Alvi Histology

2. Associate Professor: Dr. Ahsan Ahmad Embryology

3. Assistant Professor: Dr. Asima Kashif / Dr Ammara Sadiq General Anatomy

Lecturers

1. Dr. Asima Kashif Gross Anatomy / CBL

2. Dr. Ayesha Nasrullah Gross Anatomy / CBL

3. Dr. Rabbia Farooq Gross Anatomy / CBL

4. Dr. Ahmed Raza Histology practical

9

RECOMMENDED BOOKS (ANATOMY)

Gross Anatomy

o Cunningham‟s Manual of Practical Anatomy vol. I- 15th edition, 1986.

o Clinical Anatomy by Regions. Richard S. Snell, 9th edition, 2012.

o Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy. 5th edition 2011.

o Reference Books

Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Keith L Moore, 6th edition, 2010.

Gray‟s Anatomy. 40th edition, 2008.

General Anatomy

o General Anatomy. Dr. Laiq Hussain, 3rd edition, 2011.

o Understanding General Anatomy. Professor Tassaduq Hussain, 14th edition, 2014.

Embryology

o Langman‟s Medical Embryology. 12th edition, 2012.

Histology

o Medical Histology. Dr. Laiq Hussain, 5th edition, 2015.

o Reference Books

Basic Histology. Junqueira, 13th edition, 2013.

DiFiore‟s Atlas of Histology. 12th edition, 2013.

Manual/Practical Copies

o Histology Manual by Prof Athar Maqbool

o Gross Anatomy – Plain Copy (Sketch Book)

10

ANATOMY

First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: General Anatomy

Lectures Week General Anatomy Topics

1. I. Introduction Anatomical Positions & various imaginary planes, Terms of positions and

movements

2. II. Bone – 1 General Anatomical landmarks

3. III. Bone -2 Classification

4. IV. Joint -1 General Anatomical landmarks

5. V. Joint – 2 Classification

6. VI. Muscle –1 General Anatomical landmarks

7. VII. Muscle – 2 Classification

8. VIII. Nervous System Introduction

11

ANATOMY

First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: Embryology

Lectures Week Embryology Learning Objectives

1. I.

Mitosis and

meiosis

Define Meiosis.

Differentiate first and second meiotic divisions.

State the phases of meiotic divisions.

Justify the importance and result of meiosis in both sexes.

Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis.

Describe the structure abnormalities in chromosomes like Euploid, Aneuploid, Trisomy,

Non-disjunction, and Translation.

Correlate the structure abnormalities with clinical conditions like: Down‟s syndrome

Klinefelter and Tuner syndromes.

2. II.

Gametogenesis -1 Describe the events of spermatogenesis.

Describe the morphological changes during maturation of the gametes

List the differences between spermiogenesis and spermatogenesis.

3. III.

Gametogenesis -2 Define the ovarian cycle.

Describe the stages of follicular maturation: Primary Preantral, Secondary, and

Preovulatory.

Explain the hormonal control (FSH, LH) of ovarian cycle.

Describe the transport of ovum from the surface of ovary to ampulla of fallopian tube.

4. IV.

Fertilization &

Implantation

Define fertilization.

State normal site of fertilization.

Describe the results of fertilization.

Mentions the factors affecting fertilization.

12

Enumerate the changes that occur in spermatozoa before fertilization.

Explain the factors affecting penetration of sperm through the zona pellucida for formation of

Pro nuclei.

Describe the formation of zygote.

Correlate the transport of zygote from ampulla of fallopian tube to the uterine cavity and

cleavage.

Explain the formation of blastocyst.

5. V.

1st week of

development

Explain the formation of outer and inner cell masses.

Discuss the further development of outer cell mass (trophoblast).

Differentiate syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast with its microscopic appearance.

Describe the process of implantation (day wise change).

6. VI.

2nd week of

development

State the differentiation of embryonic pole and development of bilaminar germ disc with

formation of epiblast and hypoblast, their cavities (amniotic cavity and primary yolk sac).

Describe the development of the chorionic sac and formation of primary chorionic villi and

growth of syncytiotrophablast.

Explain the establishment of utero placental circulation.

Explain why the second week is known “ as week of two‟s”.

7. VII.

3rd week of

development

Define gastrulation (formation of three germ layers).

Describe the development of primitive streak and related congenital anomalies

(Sacrococcygeal Teratoma).

Describe the development of Notochordal process, Notochord Canal, Prechordal Plate and

Cloacal membrane.

8. VIII.

3rd week of

development

Define Neurulation. List the steps of development of Neural Tube

Enumerate the derivatives of Neural Crest Cells.

State the congenital anomalies resulting from abnormal neurulation.

Describe the formation of three germ layers and enlist their derivatives. Differentiate three

components of Mesoderm (Paraxial, Intermediate and Lateral Plate Mesoderm).Define

Somites.

13

ANATOMY

First Module (1 x Lecture / Week) Subject: Histology

Lectures Week Histology Learning Objectives

1. I.

Cell (introduction,

cytoskeleton)

Knowledge:

Identify parts of Light Microscope.

Describe the working & magnification of Light Microscope.

Identify different types of Microscopes and their functions.

Define resolution. Describe the steps involved in tissue processing.

Define cell, identify various types of cells and shapes.

Define Cytoskeleton.

2. II.

Cell junctions Knowledge:

Enumerate the cell junctions and describe their histological structure.

Describe the histological structure of cell junctions.

3. III.

Surface epithelium Knowledge:

Classify the body tissue into categories.

Define Epithelium.

Classify various types of Epithelium.

Describe general features of Epithelial cells (basal, apical and lateral surfaces).

Explain the different types of epithelium with examples.

4. IV.

Glandular epithelium Knowledge:

Describe glandular epithelium.

Differentiate the structure of serous and mucus secreting cells.

14

5. V.

Connective tissue (general) Knowledge:

Explain the components of connective tissue.

Describe different types of cells in connective tissue.

Describe different types of fibers in connective tissue.

Name the various constituents of ground substance.

Classify various types of connective tissues.

Describe the histology of different types of adipose tissue.

6. VI.

Bone Knowledge:

Describe microscopic features of bones and types of ossification.

List the location of different types of bones.

7. VII.

Cartilage Knowledge:

Describe microscopic features of various types of cartilage.

List the location of different types of cartilage.

8. VIII.

Muscle Knowledge:

Describe the microscopic features of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle.

15

ANATOMY

First Module (5 x Demos / Week) Subject: Gross Anatomy (Upper Limb)

Lectures Week Topics

1.

I.

Introduction to gross anatomy (Body planes, movements, general terms)

2. Terms of position and movement

3. Clavicle

4. Scapula

5. Humerus

6.

II.

Radius

7. Ulna

8. SUBSTAGE -1

9. Pectoral region (Muscles), Breast (General description, blood supply, nerve supply, lymphatic drainage, clinical)

10. Scapular region-I (Muscles)

11.

III.

Scapular region-II (Muscular spaces, rotator cuff muscles)

12. Scapular region-III (Nerve and blood supply, scapular anastomosis)

13. Shoulder joint (formation, movements, ligaments, clinical), Acromio claviclar joint , Sterno clavicular joint (formation ,

movements, ligaments, clinical)

16

14. Axilla (boundaries, contents), Axillary lymph nodes( general description, location , clinical )

15. Axillary artery, Axillary vein (course, branches, clinical)

16.

IV.

Brachial Plexuses (formation, relations)

17. SUBSTAGE – 2

18. Arm (Fascial compartments, muscles of anterior and posterior compartments)

19. Blood supply of arm (arteries , veins)

20. Nerves of arm

21.

V.

Cubital Fossa (boundaries , contents)

22. Elbow joint, Proximal and Distal Radio Ulnar joint

23. Fore arm (muscles of anterior compartment)

24. Fore arm (muscles of posterior compartment)

25. Blood supply of forearm (arteries and veins)

26.

VI.

Nerves of forearm

27. SUBSTAGE – 3

28. Flexor and Extensor Retinaculum at wrist (formation, contents, clinical application)

29. Wrist joint (formation , movements , ligaments , clinical application ), Carpal Tunnel, Anatomical snuff box

17

30. Hand (bones, joints), fascial compartments of palm , Palmar Aponeurosis ( general description, location , clinical

application)

31.

VII.

Muscles of hand- I (superficial )

32. Muscles of hand- II (deep)

33. Fascial spaces of palm (formation, contents, clinical importance )

Extensor expansion and fibrous flexor sheath of digits

34. Blood supply of hand (Palmar Arches)

35. Nerves of hand

36.

VIII.

Superficial veins of upper limb (Cephalic, Basilic vein ) Cutaneous nerve supply of upper limb

37. Clinical importance of Brachial Plexuses

38. Surface marking and Radiology of upper limb

39. Revision

40. Final Stage

18

ANATOMY

First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Histology Practical

S.No Week Practical Learning Objectives

1. I.

Histology: methods of study, lab

ethics

Microscope and slides

preparation

Skill:

Identify and draw the different parts of microscope and illustrate their usage.

Focus the prepared slide at different magnifications.

2. II.

Cell (Organelles, shapes,

characteristics)

Skill:

Identify the different shapes of cells and their examples.

Draw a labeled diagram of different types of shapes of cells.

3. III.

Surface epithelium (simple) Skill:

Identify the different types of epithelia and their examples.

Draw a labeled diagram of different types of simple epithelia.

4. IV.

Surface epithelium (stratified) Skill:

Identify the different types of epithelia and their examples.

Draw a labeled diagram of different types of stratified epithelia.

Identify mucous and serous acini with haematoxylin and eosin.

Draw a labeled diagram of mucous and serous acini with haematoxylin and

eosin.

19

5. V.

Connective tissue Skill:

Identify the microscopic structure of loose connective tissue, dense regular and

irregular connective tissue.

Draw a labeled diagram showing the microscopic structure of loose connective

tissue, dense regular and irregular connective tissue with haematoxylin and

eosin.

Draw a labeled diagram of the connective tissue with haematoxylin and eosin.

6. VI.

Bone Skill:

Identify different types of bone microscopically.

Draw a labeled diagram showing the histological structure of different types of

bone with hematoxylin and eosin.

7. VII.

Cartilage Skill:

Identify different types of cartilage microscopically.

Draw a labeled diagram showing the histologic structure of different types of

cartilage with hematoxylin and eosin.

8. VIII.

Muscle Skill:

Identify the different types of muscle microscopically.

Draw a labeled histological diagram of different types of muscles with

hematoxylin and eosin.

20

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY

S.No Faculty Topic

1 Professor: Dr. Tanvir Ali Shirwany (Principal) Nerve Muscle

2 Associate Professor: Dr. Rukhsana Mirza Cell & Nerve Muscle

3. Assistant Professor: Dr. Jazib Andleeb Blood

Lecturers

1 Dr. Khalid Mehmood Arif Practicals

2 Dr. Wafa Hamdani Tutorials

21

RECOMMENDED BOOKS (PHYSIOLOGY)

o Kim E. Barrett, Susain M.Barman Ganongls Review of Medical Physiology 24th Edition McGrowhill.

Bruce M.Koeppon, Bruce A.Stanton Berne & Cevy Physiology 6th Edition Raj Kamal Electric Press, Kundli,

Haryana ELSEVIER 2010.

o John E. Hall Guyton & Hall Text Book of Medical Physiology 13th Edition Canada ELSEVIER 2016.

o Lecture Notes Kaplan

o USMLE step -1 Kaplan.

o USMLE First Aid.

o Fundamental / Introduction of biochemistry by Mackee Mackee.

22

PHYSIOLOGY

First Module (5 x Lectures / Week)

Lectures Week Topics Learning Objectives

1.

I.

Introduction to Physiology Explain the functional organization of human body.

Describe the parameters needed for the control of the „internal

environment‟.

2.

Homeostasis Describe the principles of the mechanics of homeostasis.

Differentiate between positive and negative feedback as the control

systems of the body.

3. Control Mechanisms Relate positive and negative feedback system with common examples.

Differentiate between composition of intracellular and extra cellular fluid.

4.

Introduction to Blood Explain the composition of blood and general functions of blood.

Name the different types of plasma protein.

Describe the composition of plasma protein, their functions and

importance for the human body.

Name the different types of blood cells.

Explain the physiological characteristics and functional differences of

the different types of blood cells.

5.

RBCs (Structure, Function and

Erythropoiesis )

Name the sites of hemopoiesis.

Describe the composition of bone marrow.

List the functions of bone marrow.

Explain the erythropoiesis phenomena in the body during the different

stages of life.

23

6.

II.

Introduction to cell Explain the organization of the physical structure of the cell.

7. Cell Organelle and cell division Explain organization of the physical structure of the cell (cell Membrane,

cytoplasmic organelles, nuclear membrane, nuclear organelles)

8. Hemoglobin (Structure, Function and

Synthesis)

Describe the formation, types and functions of hemoglobin along with its

association with different kinds of anemia.

9.

Hemoglobin Types, Classification of

Anemias, Polycythemia

Classify anemia its types and causes.

Explain the pathophysiology of polycythemia

Identify the factors regulating erythropoiesis and maturation of RBC.

10. Red Cell Indices and Clinical

Interpretation

Explain the physiological basis of red cell indices and comprehend their

clinical interpretation.

11.

III.

Genetics, DNA and chromosomes Explain the gene functions performed in the cell

Explain the genetic control of cell functions and cell-reproduction

12. Transcription and Translation Explain the process of Transcription and Translation (synthesis) in the

cell

13. WBCs (Structure, formation and types) Describe the physical and functional characteristics of different WBC

types, structure and formation.

14. Reticuloendothelial System,

Phagocytosis and Inflammation

Describe the composition and functions of reticuloendothelial system.

24

15. WBC Disorders Explain the physiological significance of leucopenia, leukocytosis and

leukemia.

16.

IV.

Cell Membrane (Structure, Function and

Transport)

Describe the structure, function and transport across cell membrane.

Cell adhesion

17.

Transport Mechanisms Classify various modes of transport of substances across the cell-

membrane.

Compare and contrast amongst the processes of osmosis, diffusion,

facilitated diffusion, primary active transport, secondary active transport.

Explain the modes of transport with common examples in human body.

Explain the physiological significance of the transport of substances

through the cell membrane.

18. Immunity-I Describe basis of immune system of the body and tissues related with

immunity.

19.

Immunity-II List the types of immunity (cell mediated).

Explain the mechanism of cell mediated development and

characteristics of different immune mechanisms and significance of

vaccination.

20.

Immunity-III List the types of immunity (humoral).

Explain the mechanism of cell mediated development and

characteristics of different immune mechanisms and significance of

vaccination.

21. V. Introduction to nerves and types of

neurons

Explain different mechanisms of transportation for maintenance of

cellular homeostasis.

25

26. VI.

Properties of Nerve Fibers Describe the generation of nerve impulse and its transmission in

different types of nerve fibers (myelinated and non-myelinated nerve

fibers) with their characteristics.

Classify different types of nerve fibers.

Explain the generation of nerve impulse and its transmission in different

types of nerve fibers (myelinated and non-myelinated nerve fibers) with

their characteristics.

22.

Resting Membrane Potential Recognize the basis of development of membrane potential across

excitable membrane.

Explain the different mechanisms responsible for the genesis of resting

membrane potential (role of channels, carrier proteins).

Explain the Nernst potential and its importance in generation of

membrane potential.

23. Blood Grouping (ABO) and Transfusion Explain the principles of blood grouping, transfusion and their

physiological significance.

24.

RH Blood grouping and Incompatibility Identify the various blood groups.

Explain the hazards of matched and mismatched blood transfusion with

especial reference to Erythroblastosis fetalis.

25.

Membrane Action Potential Explain the mechanisms by which different factors (stimuli) produce

changes in membrane potential.

Draw different phases of action potential and explain ionic changes

occurring during each phase of action potential.

26

27.

Propagation of Action Potential Explain the physiological basis of propagation of action potential.

Explain the response to the application of two successive stimuli is

given during different phases of action potential (refractory period, its

types and importance).

28.

Hypersensitivity reactions and

transplantation

Explain the pathophysiology and types of hypersensitivity reactions

Explain the physiological basis of transplantation and role of immunity in

transplant rejection

29. Nerve Describe the structural and functional changes taking place in damaged

nerve fibers

30. Introduction to muscle Illustrate functional and histological differences in different types of

muscles

31.

VII.

Mechanism of muscle contraction Explain the motor unit and its physiological importance

Explain the mechanism of transmission of signals from the nerve fiber to

different muscles.

Describe the structure and different characteristics of three types of

muscle.

Describe the ionic and chemical basis of muscle contraction.

32.

Molecular mechanism of muscle

contraction and Walk-along theory

Describe the various processes involved in muscles contraction, and the

molecular mechanisms of muscles contraction.

Describe the various steps of walk along theory.

33. Platelets and their functions Recognize the characteristics of platelets and their importance in

27

hemostasis.

34. Hemostasis Illustrate the various processes involved in hemostasis.

35.

Coagulation pathways and disorders Explain the physiology of clotting factors and mechanism of blood

clotting.

State the effect of deficiency of platelets and clotting factors in

hemostasis with clinical significance of hemophilia.

36.

VIII.

Characteristics of muscle contraction

and mechanics

State the characteristics of different types of muscles fibers.

Describe the mechanics of muscles contraction.

37. Neuro-muscular junction Draw and label neuromuscular junction, the sequence of events taking

place during neuromuscular transmission and factors affecting thereof.

38. Neuro-muscular junction disorders State the clinical importance of neuromuscular transmission in patients

of myasthenia gravis and other neuromuscular junction disorders

39. Bleeding disorders and anti-coagulation Explain the pathophysiology of bleeding disorders

Describe the mechanism, principle and importance of anticoagulation.

40. Smooth muscles State the characteristics of smooth muscle contraction with their

physiological significance.

28

PHYSIOLOGY

First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Physiology Practical

Demonstration Week Practical Learning Objectives

1.

I.

Compound Microscope Knowledge

Identify the different components of compound microscope. Explain the functions of different components of compound microscope.

Skill

Operate appropriately the compound microscope for different procedures.

2.

Study of Neubauer Chamber

Knowledge

Identify the different components of Neubaur chamber. Explain the Neubaur chamber: Area/Volume of different grids Basis of mathematical calculation

Skill

Focus properly the different counting grids of Neubaurs chamber on compound microscope.

3. II.

RBC Count by Neubauer Chamber

Knowledge

Explain the relation of Anemia with RBC count Explain the, physiological & pathological variations of RBC count.

Skill

Perform appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments) RBC count using

29

Neubaur chamber and compound microscope

Red Cell Indices Knowledge

Calculate the RBC indices. Interpretations of RBC indices. Interpret normal and abnormal results.

4. III.

WBC Count TLC, Platelet Count

Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal results. Of WBC & Platelets counts

Skill

Perform appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments) the WBC/platlet count using Neubaur chamber and compound microscope

5. IV.

Determination of Hemoglobin in Blood

Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal Hb results. Explain the physiological and pathological variations of Hb level

Skill

Perform estimation of Hb appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)

6. V.

Estimation of Hematocrit (PCV), Osmotic Fragility of RBCs

Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal PCV results.

Skill

Perform estimation of PCV appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)

30

7. VI.

Estimation of ESR Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal ESR results.

Skill

Perform estimation of ESR appropriately(using correct solutions and instruments)

8.

VII.

Determination of ABO, RH Blood Group

Knowledge

Explain the basis of classification of blood grouping.

Skill

Perform Blood grouping appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)

9.

Differential Leucocyte Count (DLC)

Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal DLC results

Skill

Perform estimation of DLC appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)

10. VIII.

Estimation of Bleeding and Clotting Time

(CT/BT)

Knowledge

Interpret normal and abnormal CT/BT results.

Skill

Perform estimation of CT/BT appropriately (using correct solutions and instruments)

31

DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY

S.No Faculty Topic

1. Professor: Dr. Allauddin Abro

Chemistry of Protein

2. Associate Professor:

3. Assistant Professor:

Lecturers

1. Dr. Khadija Zia Zaidi Porphyrins and Haemoglobin

Chemistry of cell and biological membrane

2. Ms. Anum Khursheed Chemistry and structure of nucleosides and nucleotides

32

RECOMMENDED BOOKS (BIOCHEMISTRY)

o An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry by Daved T Plumoner.

o Text Book of Biochemistry by J. L. Jaim.

o Biochemistry by Chattergy MN Chatter Jea, Rana Shide Text Book of JAYPEE 2012.

o Lecture Notes Kaplan

o USMLE step -1 Kaplan.

o USMLE First Aid.

o Fundamental / Introduction of biochemistry by Mackee Mackee.

o Biochemistry by Hanfer

33

BIOCHEMISTRY

First Module (3 x Lectures / Week) Subject: Biochemistry

Lectures Week Topics Learning Objectives

1.

I.


Biological membrane -I

Illustrate and categorize different types of cytological techniques.

Demonstrate basic techniques to study cell, separation of materials through

centrifugation, chromatography and microscopy.

2. Protein Chemistry -I Explain the structure, functions and classification of amino acids along with their

buffering role in human body in pH maintenance.

3. Biochemistry of Cell &

Biological membrane -II

Differentiate cell organelles, their structure and biochemical functions (Mitochondria,

Ribosomes, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosomes, Peroxisomes)

and associated disorders.

4.

||.

Protein Chemistry -II

Describe definitions, biochemical importance and classification of proteins based on,

physiochemical properties, functional, nutritional, and structural basis.


Biological membrane -III

Describe detailed chemical composition of Cell Membrane and its biochemical

significance.

6. Protein Chemistry -III Understand the details of structure of proteins and their significance.

7. III.

Protein Chemistry -IV

Contrast the techniques for separation of proteins e.g. salting out, electrophoresis,

chromatography, and centrifugation.

34


Biological membrane -IV Explain chemistry of receptors and signal transduction.

9. Protein Chemistry -V Explain Immunoglobulins and their biochemical significance.

10.

IV.


Biological membrane -V

Biochemistry of membrane transport mechanism, active transport, passive transport,

simple and facilitated diffusion.

11. Protein Chemistry -VI Describe chemistry and functions of Plasma proteins & their clinical significance.

12.

Chemistry and structure of

nucleosides and nucleotides

-I

Chemistry and structure of nucleosides and nucleotides.

13.

V.

Porphyrins and hemoglobin -I Normal haemoglobin its structures, functions and types.

14. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -

II

Describe structures, functions and types of haemoglobin, Oxygen binding capacity of

haemoglobin, factors affecting and regulating the oxygen binding capacity of

haemoglobin.

15.


nucleosides and nucleotide -

II

Biochemical role and derivatives of nucleotides and nucleosides alongwith their

significance.

16. VI. Porphyrins and hemoglobin -

III Concepts of degradation of heme, formation of bile pigments, its types, transport and

35

excretion.


IV Chemistry and biosynthesis of porphyrins and their disorders (Porphyrias).

18.



-III

Describe the synthetic derivative of purine and pyrimidines, and their role in health

and diseases.

19.

VII.

Porphyrins and hemoglobin -

V Hyperbilirubinimea, their biochemical causes and differentiation.


VI Discuss jaundice and its types, and kernictrus.

21.



-IV

Name the types of nucleic acids,

Describe the structure and functions of nucleic acids,

Identify the genetic disorders that are associated structural abnormality of nucleic

acid.

22.

VIII.

Porphyrins and hemoglobin -

VII Haemoglobinopathies (Hb-S, thalassaemia etc) and their biochemical causes

23.



-V

Structure types and functions of RNA.

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BIOCHEMISTRY

First Module (1 x Practical / Week) Subject: Biochemistry Practical

Practical Week Topic Learning Objectives

1. I.

Introduction to use of Laboratory

Equipment:

Glassware

Spectronic 20

Microlab

Knowledge

Identify glassware, spectronic 20 , microlab and their uses.

Skills

Operate spectronic 20 appropriately to measure absorption at single

wavelengths.

2. II.

Spectrophotometer Knowledge

Identify the spectrophotometer

Identify the components that is required for relevant operations of

spectrophotometer

List the uses of spectrophotometer

Skills

Calibrate spectrophotometer

operate spectrophotometer efficiently

how to measure concentration of different solution by using wavelength

3. III.


Equipment;

Incubator

Knowledge

Identify the incubator, water bath and hot oven.

Identify the components that are required for relevant operation of the

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Water Bath

Hot Oven

incubator, water bath and hot oven.

Uses of the incubator, water bath and hot oven.

Skills

Operate incubator, water bath and hot oven for;

maintenance of temperature

heating a solution

melting a substrate

4. IV.


Equipment ;

Centrifuge Machine

Electronic Balance

pH Meter

Knowledge

Identify the centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter

Identify the components that are required for relevant operation of the

centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter.

List uses of centrifuge machine, electronic balance and pH meter.

Describe the procedure of calculating pH

Skills

Operate centrifuge machine for centrifugation.

Measure the substances using electronic balance

Record pH of a solution by pH meter

5. V.

Solutions: types, preparation and

clinical significance

Knowledge

Identify different types of solutions

Illustrate correct volume and units.

Skills

Prepare different types of solutions of varying volumes and concentrations.

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6. VI.

Qualitative Analysis of proteins - I

Biuret Test

Millon‟s Test

Knowledge

Describe the principle of Biuret test and Millon‟s test

Reagents of Biuret test and Millon‟s test

Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing

Biuret and Millon‟s test.

Interpret of results of Biuret and Millon‟s test.

Skills

Perform Biuret test and Millon‟s test to ensure the presence of proteins in

a given sample.

7. VII.

Qualitative Analysis of proteins - II

Ninhydrin Test

Aldehyde Test

Knowledge

Describe principle of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test

Reagents of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test.

Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing

Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test

Interpretation of results of Ninhydrin and Aldehyde test.

Skills

Perform Ninhydrin test and Aldehyde test to identify the presence of

aminoacids and ketones.

8. VIII.

Qualitative Analysis of proteins – III

Sulphur Test

Knowledge

Describe principle of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test

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Xanthoproteic Test Reagents of of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test

Explain the standard procedure (including precautions) of performing of

Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test

Interpretation results of Sulphur test and Xanthoproteic test

Skills

Perform sulphur and Xanthoproteic test to identify the presence of bile

salts and proteins, respectively.

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DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL EDUCATION

MEDICAL EDUCATION

First Module (1 x Lecture / Month)

Lecture Week Topics

1. 1 Global trends in medical education

2. 3 Expectations/Characteristics of graduates

3. 5 Methods of teaching and learning / technique Improvement in learning skills/Academic counselling and support

4. 7 Communication Skills

S.No Faculty

1 PROFESSOR: Dr. S.N. Bazmi Inam

2 Associate Professor: Dr. Asif Kazmi

CMH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (CIMS) BAHAWALPUR

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