CLAUSE CLAUSE COMPLEXESCOMPLEXES

EXPANSIONEXPANSION

ANDAND

PROJECTIONPROJECTION

PRACTICEPRACTICE

Clause Complexes AnalysisClause Complexes Analysis When analysing clause complexes, we take When analysing clause complexes, we take

into account these guidelines:into account these guidelines:

List each clause vertically down the page, List each clause vertically down the page, lettering each clause complex (A,B,C, etc.) lettering each clause complex (A,B,C, etc.) and numbering each clause in the clause and numbering each clause in the clause complex (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.)complex (i, ii, iii, iv, etc.)

Display analysis on the left-hand side of the Display analysis on the left-hand side of the texttext

Begin a new layer whenever thereBegin a new layer whenever there is a is a change in taxis or a change in logico-change in taxis or a change in logico-semantic relation.semantic relation.

o I have bought some I have bought some beautiful tapestries and I beautiful tapestries and I think you will like them.think you will like them.

o The match was cancelled, The match was cancelled, because it started to rain.because it started to rain.

o They advised me to They advised me to emigrate, which is the last emigrate, which is the last thing I’d do.thing I’d do.

A i 1A i 1 I have bought some I have bought some beautiful tapestriesbeautiful tapestries ii +2ii +2 andand I think I think iii iii ‘‘ you will like them. you will like them.

B i B i αα The match was cancelled,The match was cancelled, ii ii xxββ becausebecause it started to rain it started to rain

C i C i They They advisedadvised me me iiii to emigrate to emigrate,, iiiiii ==ββ whichwhich is the last is the last

thing I’d do.thing I’d do.

o He said that he liked the He said that he liked the place.place.

o ““I am a professional,” he I am a professional,” he answered angrily. answered angrily.

o Alcoholic drinks are sold Alcoholic drinks are sold out to adults, i.e. they are out to adults, i.e. they are sold to people over 18.sold to people over 18.

D i D i αα He He saidsaid ii “ii “ββ that he liked thethat he liked the place.place.

E i “1E i “1 ““I am a professional”,I am a professional”, ii 2ii 2 he he answeredanswered angrily. angrily.

F i 1F i 1 Alcoholic drinks are Alcoholic drinks are sold out to adults, sold out to adults,

ii = 2ii = 2 i.e.i.e. they are sold to they are sold to people over 18.people over 18.

o Take extra care when Take extra care when driving at night.driving at night.

o Several countries have Several countries have signed the pact; signed the pact; specifically all the EC specifically all the EC countries have done so.countries have done so.

o ““I am the person you are I am the person you are looking for,” he looking for,” he confessed. confessed.

G i G i Take extra careTake extra care ii xii xββ whenwhen driving at driving at

night.night.

H i 1H i 1 Several countries Several countries have signed the pacthave signed the pact; ;

ii =2ii =2 specifically all the EC specifically all the EC countries have done countries have done so.so.

I i “ 1I i “ 1 “I am the person you “I am the person you are looking for,” are looking for,”

ii 2ii 2 he he confessed.confessed.

o We should get through this We should get through this job fairly soon; actually, job fairly soon; actually, there is very little left to do.there is very little left to do.

o They spread the cloth on They spread the cloth on the grass and then began the grass and then began unpacking the picnic.unpacking the picnic.

o She wanted to know if he She wanted to know if he was comfortable in his was comfortable in his room.room.

J i 1J i 1 We should get through this We should get through this job fairly soonjob fairly soon; ;

ii = 2ii = 2 actually, there is very little actually, there is very little left to do.left to do.

K i 1K i 1 They spread the cloth on They spread the cloth on the grass the grass

ii x2ii x2 and thenand then began unpacking began unpacking the picnic.the picnic.

L i L i αα She wanted to knowShe wanted to know ii ‘ii ‘ββ ifif he was comfortable in his he was comfortable in his

room.room.

o They decided not to go, They decided not to go, which turned out to be a which turned out to be a mistake.mistake.

o Jane already speaks two Jane already speaks two foreign languages, foreign languages, whereas/while her brother whereas/while her brother hasn’t learned any.hasn’t learned any.

o He went to the station in a He went to the station in a sort of dream, and was at sort of dream, and was at home without realizing he home without realizing he had moved out of her had moved out of her street.street.

M i M i αα They decided not to go,They decided not to go, ii =ii = which which turned out to be turned out to be

a mistake.a mistake.

N i N i αα Jane already speaks Jane already speaks two foreign languages,two foreign languages,

ii +ii +ββ whereas/whilewhereas/while her her brother hasn’t learned brother hasn’t learned any.any.

O i 1O i 1 He went to the station He went to the station in a sort of dream,in a sort of dream, ii +2 ii +2 andand was at home was at home iii xiii x without without realizingrealizing iviv ‘‘ he had moved out of he had moved out of her street.her street.

o It’s like going out with a It’s like going out with a child; she stops dead and child; she stops dead and refuses to go on.refuses to go on.

o Percival finished his Percival finished his whimper and went on whimper and went on playing, for the tears had playing, for the tears had washed the sand away. washed the sand away.

o “ “You know that you like You know that you like them,”she said.them,”she said.

P i 1P i 1 It’s like going out with It’s like going out with a childa child;;

ii =2ii =2 11 she stops deadshe stops dead iii +2iii +2 andand refuses to go on. refuses to go on.

Q i 1Q i 1 Percival finished his Percival finished his whimper whimper

ii +2ii +2 andand went on playing, went on playing, iii x3iii x3 forfor the tears had the tears had

washed the sand away. washed the sand away.

R i R i “1“1 “You know“You know ii ii ‘‘ that you like them,”that you like them,” iii iii 22 she said.she said.

o They thought anything They thought anything might happen if one might happen if one came from London.came from London.

o The minister glanced The minister glanced several times at his several times at his watch, so I took him watch, so I took him aside and asked him to aside and asked him to wait for half an hour.wait for half an hour.

S iS i They They thought thought iiii ‘‘ anything mightanything might happenhappen iiiiii xx ifif one came from one came from London.London.

T iT i 1 1 The minister The minister glanced several glanced several times at his watch,times at his watch, iiii x2 x2 11 soso I took him I took him asideaside

iiiiii +2 +2 andand askedasked him him iviv ““ to wait for half an to wait for half an hour.hour.