CLAMPING MECHANISMS

REPORT SUBMITTED BY:

WAQAR ALI SHAH

REPORT SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. M IRFAN KHAN

CLAMPING

Once work piece is located, it is necessary to

press it against locating surfaces and hold it

there against the force acting upon it. The tool

designer refers to this action as clamping and

the mechanisms used for this action are

known as clamping.

CLAMPING PRINCIPLES

• Clamp should firmly hold the work piece without distorting it.

• Should overcome the maximum possible force exerted on work piece by using minimum clamping force.

• Easy to operate

• Vibrations should tighten the cams and wedges in the clamp design(if any) and not loosen them

…CLAMPING DEVICE…

A clamping is a fastening device used to hold or secure objects tightly together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure.

MECHANICAL CLAMPING DEVICES

While they all perform essentially the same function of holding objects stationary, there are several types of clamps available:

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1. C – Clamp: Named for its C-shaped body, the C-clamp

has a fixed jaw on one end and a screw-type

jaw on the other. Adjusting the screw closes

the jaw and applies pressure. C-clamps are

used to hold to objects flush together.

2. F – Clamp: Also known as a bar clamp, the F-clamp has one fixed jaw at the

end of a bar and another jaw that slides

along the bar to adjust capacity and

pressure. F-clamps are made for larger

objects, with bars measuring up to several

feet in length.

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3. Spring Clamp: The jaws of a spring clamp are held

together by a spring on which the two

handle/jaw pieces pivot. These apply

only moderate pressure and are

Typically small. They are used to pinch

thin objects together, such as paper

to plywood.

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4.Edge Clamp: The edge clamp can hold objects along

a straight line as they are fastened to a

surface. They are primarily used for

precision work in certain carpentry

projects and come in many different

lengths to accommodate longer pieces.

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5. Corner Clamp: Corner clamps were specifically

designed to hold two objects together

to create an angled joint so that they

can be fastened together. They come in

a large variety of styles and sizes and

even different angles.

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6. One - Hand Clamp: The one-hand clamp is a special type

of bar clamp that can be applied with

one hand by squeezing a trigger. As

the trigger is squeezed, the jaw closes,

and more squeezes equals more

pressure. They also feature a

quick-release mechanism.

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7. Hand - Screw Clamp: The hand-screw clamp is primarily

used in carpentry. It is made of wood

so as not to damage the surfaces of

soft materials, such as other wood.

They come in a wide variety of sizes

and are used to hold objects together

in many positions.

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8. Pipe Clamp: The pipe clamp is a lot like the

F-clamp except it uses a length

of pipe. One jaw piece is fixed

to one end and then the

adjustable piece slides along

the pipe. Any length of pipe can

be used, meaning pipe clamps

have near unlimited capacity.

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OTHER TYPES OF CLAMPING

1. Fluid power clamping:

2. Vacuum clamping

3. Magnetic clamping

4. Electrostatic clamping

1. Fluid power clamping: Compressed air is used for power

transmission Depressurized air is

exhausted directly into atmosphere.

As load resistance increases speed

of a pneumatic devices drops and

vice versa.

Moisture in air causes rusting of

pneumatic cylinders and valves which

can be minimized by using lubricator.

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2. Vacuum clamping: In vacuum clamping, an under

pressure is generated under

the work piece being clamped,

i.e. a pressure differential is

created which presses the

work piece against the clamping

plate.

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3. Magnetic clamping: The magnetic clamping or

magnetic work holding can be

used in a wide range of metal

processing. Suitable for the daily

use in grinding, and milling. The

magnetic technology enables high

precision, distortion-free clamping.

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4. Electrostatic clamping: With an electrical

voltage between the chuck

electrodes, the substrate can be

held and, as required, even

smoothed.

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• We have discussed different types of clamping devices and mechanisms in previous slides.

• Upon which we come to know that how clamping phenomena exist.

• Through a lot of study and observations we come to know that “Bench Vice” is suitable for our project as a clamping device.

CONCLUSION

BENCH VICE

A Bench vice is a mechanical apparatus used to secure an object to allow work to be performed on it. It has two parallel jaws, one fixed and the other movable, threaded in and out by a screw and lever.