Civics Core 100, Goal 6 The learner will explain why laws are needed and how they are enacted,...
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Transcript of Civics Core 100, Goal 6 The learner will explain why laws are needed and how they are enacted,...
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Civics Core 100, Goal 6
The learner will explain why laws are needed and how they are enacted, implemented, and
enforced at the national, state, and local levels.
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1st known system of written law
King Hammurabi of Babylonia wrote it in about 1760 B.C.
Harsh Penalties:– An eye for an eye
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1st Roman Law = 450 B.C.
Senate
Many modern governments are based on Roman Law
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1215 “Great Charter” In England
– Protected the nobles’ privileges and authority
– Granted certain rights to all land holders– Equal treatment under the law– Right to a trial with jury of peers
Limited Government precedent established– Ruler doesn’t have ultimate power
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Disputes between people or groups in which no criminal laws have been broken
Not a threat to social order
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Prevent ppl from deliberately or recklessly harm another or another’s property
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Most fundamental and important source of law in the US
Applies to branch of the law dealing with the formation, construction, and interpretation of the constitution
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Binds nations together under common values and beliefs
Differs from other law b/c it is for nations, not people
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Lobbyist: representatives of interest groups who contact lawmakers or other government officials directly
All levels of gov’t = local, state, and national
Suggest solutions to problems and issues
Sometimes prepare their own drafts of bills for lawmakers to consider
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Law developed through decisions of courts, rather than executive action– Created by Judges– Based on precedents
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Organizations of people who unite to promote their ideas
AKA Special Interest Groups By pooling resources, hopefully they
will influence lawmakers
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1. Bandwagon2. Name Calling3. Endorsement4. Stacked Cards5. Glittering Generality6. Just Plain Folks7. Transfer
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1. The Bandwagon
Appeal to an individual to follow the crowd
Ex. The polls show that a candidate is ahead and one votes for their candidate because they want to be part of the “winning team”
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2. Name Calling
Saying / printing something negative about the other candidate
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3. Endorsement:
Having celebrities publicly announce who they are supporting
Ex. Oprah endorses Barack Obama
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4. Stacked Cards
Selective omission Only presenting positive information
and omitting the rest
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5. Glittering Generality
Using words with different positive meanings for the individuals using them
Usually an agreeable term : honor, freedom, love of country, etc..
Ex. John McCain and Sarah Palin are Mavericks
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6. Just Plain Folks
Candidate advertises himself / herself as an ordinary person, therefore, they can relate to the average American
Ex. Obama’s background: raised by single mother
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7. Transfer
Associate a patriotic symbol with a candidate
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Sentence = punishment
Indeterminate sentence: judge gives min. and max. sentence– Parole: early release
from prison; must report to parole office until end of sentence
Mandatory Sentencing: must impose the sentence the law directs
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1. Suspended Sentence2. Home Confinement3. Monetary Fine4. Restitution5. Work Release6. Imprisonment7. Death
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Reform: Rehabilitation: correct a person’s
behavior, rather than punish Primary goal of Juvenile court
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