Citation StylesMUCT 602

Fall 2008

Style Guides

A style guide is a book that gives precise details on how to format an academic document for a particular context.

It includes information about writing style, research practices, and most helpfully, citation styles.

Style GuidesThe style guide you use in this class will depend upon your discipline.– Academic music and performers will use:

• Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 7th ed.

– Music Educators will use:• Publication Manual of the American

Psychological Association, 5th ed.

Citation StylesThese rules apply to the bibliography. Footnotes, endnotes, and parenthetical references have completely different requirements that are outlined in your style guide.Following this lecture, you will be expected to use proper citation styles throughout the rest of the semester. Always bring your style guide to class and check it if you have questions.

Basic Order of Elements:Turabian

Author (lastname, firstname)– subsequent authors’ names in direct order

Title: Subtitle

Editor, Compiler, Translator– preceded by Edited by, Compiled by, etc.

Author of preface, introduction, or foreword, if appropriate

Basic Order of Elements: Turabian

Number or name of edition, if other than first (2nd, 3rd, rev., enl., etc.)

Name of series, volume number

Place: publisher, date

Format: Turabian

First line flush with left margin

Subsequent lines are indented– “hanging indent” in most word processing

programs; a paragraph format

Entries are single-spaced, with one blank line between entries

Each main element ends with a period

Format: Turabian

– Author. Title. Facts of publication.

Book and journal titles are italicized; underline only if italics are not availableEssay and journal article titles are surrounded by double quotesAll significant title and subtitle words are capitalized

Basic order of elements: APA

Author(s) (lastname, initial(s))

Publication date in parentheses

Title of article or essay: Subtitle

Name of editor (initial(s). lastname)

Title of book

Edition information

Place: Publisher

Format: APA

First line is flush with the left margin

Subsequent lines are indented

Entries are double-spaced

Book and journal titles are italicized

Unless names, only first word of titles and subtitles capitalized

Examples: BooksTurabian:

Cope, David. New Directions in Music, 5th ed. Dubuque, Iowa: W. C. Brown, 1989.

Barzun, Jacques and Henry F. Graf. The Modern Researcher, 4th ed. San Diego, California: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Inc., 1985.

Examples: BooksAPA:

Cope, D. (1989). New directions in music (5th ed.).

Dubuque, IA: W. C. Brown.

Barzun, J. & Graf, H. F. The modern researcher (4th ed.).

San Diego, CA: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Inc.

Journal Articles: Turabian

Article title in quotations

Journal title in italics/underlined

No comma between journal title and volume number

Date enclosed in parentheses followed by a colon (:), and page number(s)

Journal Articles: APA

Article title not formatted

Journal title italicized

Comma between journal title and volume number

Volume number italicized

Issue number in parentheses, followed by a comma and page number(s)

Example, Journal Article: Turabian

Krummel, D. W. “Searching and Sorting on the Slippery Slope: Periodical Publications of Victorian Music.” Notes: Quarterly Journal of the Music Library Association 46, no. 3 (March 1990): 593-608.

Example, Journal Article: APA

Krummel, D. W. (1990). Searching and sorting

on the slippery slope: Periodical

publications of Victorian music. Notes:

Quarterly Journal of the Music Library

Association, 46(3), 593-608.

Online Journal Article: Turabian

If based on a print journal, add URL or DOI (digital object identifier) after page numbers.

If an article is in an online-only journal, place URL or DOI after volume/issue information.

If you have a DOI number, use this in place of the URL.

See page 185 for examples.

Online Journal Article: APA

If based on a print journal, add URL or DOI after page numbers.

If an article is in an online-only journal, place URL or DOI after volume/issue information.

Example, Online Journal: Turabian

Lee, Jin Ha, and J. Stephen Downie. "Survey of Music Information Needs, Uses, and Seeking Behaviours: Preliminary Findings." Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval: ISMIR 2004 (2004): 441-446. http://ismir2004.ismir.net/proceedings/p081-page-441-paper232.pdf (accessed July 1, 2008).

Ward, Jamie, Elias Tsakanikos, and Alice Bray. "Synaesthesia for Reading and Playing Musical Notes." Neurocase 12, no. 1 (2006): 27-34. DOI: 10.1080/13554790500473672 (accessed July 28, 2008).

Example, Online Journal: APALee, J. H. & Downie, J.S. (2004). Survey of music information needs, uses,

and seeking behaviours: Preliminary findings. Proceedings of the 5th

International Conference on Music Information Retrieval: ISMIR 2004,

441-446.

http://ismir2004.ismir.net/proceedings/p081-page-441-paper232.pdf

Ward, J., Tsakanikos, E. & Bray, A. Synaesthesia for reading and playing

musical notes. (2006). Neurocase, 12(1), 27-34. doi:

10.1080/13554790500473672

Chapters: Turabian

Name of chapter/essay author(s)

Title of chapter/essay in double quotes

Title of book in italics, preceded by In

Editor’s name

Facts of publication

Chapters: APA

Name of author(s)

Date of publication

Title of chapter

Editors, preceded by In

Title of book (page numbers)

Place: Publisher

Example, Chapters: Turabian

Shepherd, John. “Difference and Power in Music.” In Musicology and Difference: Gender and Sexuality in Music Scholarship, edited by Ruth A. Solie. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

Example, Chapters: APA

Shepherd, J. (1993). Difference and power in music.

In R. A. Solie (Ed.), Musicology and

difference: Gender and sexuality in music

scholarship (pp. 46-65). Berkeley: University

of California Press.

Unsigned Encyclopedia Article: Turabian

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Edited by Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan, 1980. s.v. “Bury, Bernard de.”

Unsigned Encyclopedia Article: APA

Bernard de Bury. (1980). In S. Sadie.

(Ed.), The new Grove dictionary of

music and musicians (Vol. 3, pp.

496-497). London: Macmillan.

Signed Encyclopedia Article: Turabian

Fortune, Nigel. “Zumsteeg, Johann Rudolf.” In The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan, 1980.

Signed Encyclopedia Article: APA

Fortune, N. (1980). Zumsteeg, Johann Rudolf. In S.

Sadie (Ed.). The new Grove dictionary of

music and musicians (Vol. 20, pp. 716-717).

London: Macmillan, 1980.

Sound Recordings: General Format

Turabian:

Composer. Title of work. Performer, instrument or ensemble, conductor. Labelname number.

APA:

Composer. (Date of pressing). Title of work [Artist]. On

Title of album [Medium]. Place: Label [label

number].

Sound Recordings: Example

Turabian

Kolb, Barbara. Soundings. L’Ensemble Intercontemporain, Arturo Tamayo, conductor. CRI CD 576.

Sound Recordings: Example

APA

Kolb, Barbara. (n.d.). Soundings [Performed by

l’Ensemble Intercontemporain, Arturo Tamayo,

conductor]. [CD]. New York: Composers’

Recordings, Inc. [CRI CD-576].

Sound Recordings: 1 Piece

Turabian

Goeb, Roger. “Two Divertimenti for Two Flutes.” On A Tribute to Otto Luening. Members of the New York Flute Club. CRI CD 561.

Sound Recordings: 1 PieceAPA

Goeb, Roger. (n.d.). Two divertimenti for two flutes

[Performed by members of the New York Flute

Club]. On A tribute to Otto Luening [CD]. New York:

Composers Recordings, Inc. [CRI CD-530].

Single Score

Turabian

Willaert, Adrian. De Profundis (Psalm 129: A Song of Hope). Edited and translated by Ralph Hunter. New York: C. F. Peters, 1992.

Single Score

APA

Willaert, A. (1992). De profundis (Psalm

129: A song of hope). R. Hunter (Ed.

& Trans.). New York: C. F. Peters.

Piece in a Collection

Turabian

Armer, Elinor. “Kellon’s Counting Game.” In Various Leaves: A Collection of Brief Works by Contemporary American Composers. Berkeley, California: Fallen Leaf Press, 1992.

Piece in a CollectionAPA

Armer, E. (1992). Kellon’s counting game. In

Various leaves: A collection of brief works by

contemporary American composers (p. 36).

Berkeley, CA: Fallen Leaf Press.