Cinema Survey 9/29/2011Cinematography Film vs Digital Digital Content is recorded through a digital image sensor HD 1920 x 1080 SD 720 x 480 Film Content is recorded through actual film exposure 35 mm 16 mm Digital Resolution The detail an image holds typically measured in pixels. E.g. 1920 x1080 FPS Frames per second The rate at which frames are recorded/displayed Camera/Projection Aspect Ratio The image ratio of width and height 4:3 Standard Def 16:9 High Def 1.85:1 Movie Theater 2.39:1 Also Movie Theater Camera Lens An optical lens attached to either a digital or film camera body that captures imagery by exposing the film/digital sensor to a specified amount of light. Image Plane Consists of foreground middle ground and background Focus Refers to the overall sharpness of the point of interest in an image Depth of Field (DoF) The area of an image plane that is in focus F-stop Using the iris of the lens, F=stop measures how much light is entering the camera High f stop = more of the image plane in focus Low f stop = more of the image plane out of focus Lenses Prime A fixed focal length lens Typically a faster lens Zoom A lens with the ability to change focal lengths Provides more versatility Basic 3 point Lighting Key Light Main Hard: light on object Fill Light: Soft light that fills in shadows Back light: Creates a more 3d look Color Temperature Refers to the color hue created by certain lighting conditions Measured in Kelvins Requiem For a Dream Director is Darren Aronofsky Time Lapse techniques Attaching the camera to talkent ___________________________________________________________ Extreme Close UpsKey Terms Sound Effects An audio recording that is presented in a film to make a specific creative point and to enhance story. ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement) Or Dubbing, the process in which voices are recorded in post-production, replacing voices recorded during principle photography. Room Tone The recording of a locations ambient tones in order to allow for naturalistic sound after dubbing dialogue or sound effects in post-production Wild Sound Solely audio recording during principle photography, intended for use as sound effects Foley The creation of everyday sound effects that are recorded in a foley studio to compliment or replace existing sounds. E.G. footsteps, squeaking doors, thunder. Final Mixing Various elements of different sound tracks are brought together to best support, enhance and express the meaning of the film. Soundscape Sounds that are used to create a particular environment. E.G. The beach, night time, the woods Raging Bull Martin Scorsese Ranked 4th best film by AFI Punching made by squashing melons or tomatoes Camera Flashes created by gun shots.EDITING TOOLSBefore Digital Software: A film negative was literally cut and pasted together to cut the motion picture together.Non-Linear Editing System: Editing software designed to allow direct access to any digital video frame, without having to scrub (Fast forward/ Rewind) through the footage and allows for non-destructive cutting of footage.KEY TERMSCross Cutting: Editing of sequences to establish action occurring at the same time, but in two different locations. Jump Cut: Two shots of the same subject, but in different locations, are cut together. Making the subject seem to jump in a discontinuous way.Smash Cut: An abrupt cut from one image to another with no transition, typically used to startle the audience. Cut Away: The interruption of a continuous sequence by inserting a view of something else, then typically cutting back to the original sequence. Usually used to avoid Jump Cuts.Wipe: A transition where one shot replaces another by traveling from one side of the frame to another, or by a special image.Dissolve: The gradual transition from one image to another.Fade out/In: A dissolve transition from a blank, black image.Master Shot: The recording of a full scene from start to finish that has all of the talent and action in one framed sequence.Insert: A shot edited into a scene that differs from the master shot, but emphasizes aspects of the same action in the master shot.Fast cutting: The film editing technique of editing shots with short durations together, rarely having the same image on screen for long periods of time.Slow cutting: A film editing technique that edits shots with long durations together, rarely cutting to another image.Snatch (2000)A rock em sock em caper with energy to spare Writer/Director, Guy Ritchie use of many different transitions-Wipes, dissolves, etc. Transitions heavily effect pace

Fast and slow cutting techniques used Film Editing The art and process of piecing together various shots into scene sequences which ultimately, when combined, creates a finished film. Editing; Key Roles Editor: The editor works under the supervision of the director and producer to assemble the film Specific Duties: The assembly of footage into successive cuts until a final cut is reached. Assist the DP with color correction and othe post-production effects. The output of the final cut to several formats. Assistant Editor: Works as an assistant to the editor, by logging and capturing footage and organizing/managing media. Specific Duties: Maintaining a system of backups. Assisting with multi-format output. Logging, capturing, and organizing media. Editing Continuity Editing: The Classical Hollywood style of editing; intended to establish a logical coherence of time and space between shots, suggesting that everything in the scene is physically continuous. Example:Watching any sport broadcast on television. Broken down into: (1) Temporal Continuity and (2) Spatial Continuity Temporal Continuity: Continuity of time. All of the stories action and dialogue happen in on continuous linear sequence. Examples:Use of continuous diagetic sound.Matching of actions from shot to shot. Spatial Continuity: Continuity of space. The addition of cutting different location shots together in order to maintain logical coherence Example:Use of establishing shots Montage: A series of short shots edited into a sequence to condense space, time, and information. Typically used to convey the passage of time. Disregards spatial and temporal continuity editing. Soviet filmmaker, Lev Kuleshov, was the primary individual who helped to define montage editing. Assembly Edit The first cut of the motion picture created by the Editor; also referred to as the Rough Cut. Directors Cut The Director, working in collaboration with the Editor, makes changes to the Assembly Edit to best reflect the Directors vision. Final Cut Typically the editor works in collaboration with the Director and Producers of the film to reach picture lock. Picture Lock When all editing of the motion pictures has been completed and approved. Once picture locked, the film then moves into the sound design, special effects and color correction processes of post production.

The GraduateMrs. Robinson, youre trying to seduce me. Arent you?

Director, Mike NicholsContinuity issues.AFI ranking 17th best film of all time.