China’s Road to Communism Mao Zedong~ Hero or Villain?
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Transcript of China’s Road to Communism Mao Zedong~ Hero or Villain?
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China’s Road to Communism
Mao Zedong~ Hero or Villain?
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China Before Mao
• In 1911, the Qing Dynasty ended and China became a republic.
• The next sixteen years were filled with struggle and war, including against Japan.
• The Nationalist Party (200,000 members) and Chinese Communist Party (10,000 members) were formed.
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Long March• The two parties joined forces to
fight warlords, but unity did not last and fighting for power ensued.
• When- In 1934• Who- Mao and his 100,000
communist followers called the Red Army
• What- retreated north for 6,000 miles
• Why – To escape Nationalist. They were outnumbered and sure to be defeated
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China Before Mao
• Chaing Kai-Shek, nationalist, ruled until 1949.
• His government improved transportation, education, and industry.
• However, the peasants and laborers became frustrated because their life did not improve.
China’s Nationalist leader, Chaing Kai-
Shek
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Communist Revolution• Mao Zedong came out as the leader of
the communists after the Long March.
Who is Mao???•He was a peasant•He attended Hunan’s Teacher’s College
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During WWII: Japan Invades China
• In 1937 Japan invades China to secure control of China vast raw material.
• The Nationalists and Communists fight together against Japan.
• Again, unity did not last between the two.
Map of Japanese control overChina in 1940
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October 1st 1949
• The communists defeated the nationalists.
• Mao declared China an Communist state called the People’s Republic of China.
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Mao’s Rule • He was head of Communist Party and of
China’s government giving him nearly absolute power.
• His goals as China’s Supreme Leader:– Establish a classless society– For China to be equal to western powers in
agriculture and industry.
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Great Leap Forward• Purpose: to speed up economic
development (agriculture and industry)
• What is it? Series of policies created large working/living communities
• Result: Poor agricultural production, droughts, and floods caused the worst famine in history. From 1958-1960 20 million people starved.
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During the Great Leap • They created enthusiasm with Communist
propaganda such as posters and political speeches while laborers were in the fields.
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Reasons it failed…• Drought
• Poor agricultural production
• Equipment that was constructed rapidly fell apart
• Peasants were falling asleep and being injured due to overworking
• Political desires overshadowed the well being of the people
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Cultural Revolution
• Purpose: to remove opposition of the communist party, remove western influence in Chinese society, and close the gap between the peasants and the land and factory owners.
• What is it??: Ten years of “cultural cleansing” that included harsh treatment and violence towards citizens that held onto Chinese tradition our outside influences.
• Result: Families separated, people repressed, schools closed, death, and imprisonment.
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Some of the events of the C.R.• Schools and stores were closed if they
taught/sold anything not support the communist party.
• Land and factory owners were chastised publically and articles were written against them.
• Mao’s wife controlled cultural society, so plays and art were created that glorified Mao.
• Mao’s Little Red Book
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The Red Guard• High school students and urban youth. • They were given power enforce rules and mistreated
innocent people• They destroyed books, artwork, religious buildings, or
anything that connected to the China’s past or western ideas
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Mao had called on every youth of China to build a new nation according to his own thought and Communist thought. The posters, accordingly, depict young people and students as taking part in all sorts of political activities.
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China Today
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Tiananmen Square
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