Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a...

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Lessons Learned from a Decade of Hypoxia Forecasts in Chesapeake Bay Jeremy Testa, Blake Clark, William Dennison, Caroline Donovan, Alexander Fisher, Wenfei Ni, Matthew Parker, Donald Scavia, Suzanne Spitzer, Anthony Waldrop, Vanessa Vargas, Gregory Ziegler

Transcript of Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a...

Page 1: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Lesson

s Learned

 from

 a Decade of Hypoxia Forecasts in 

Chesapeake Bay

Jeremy Testa, Blake Clark, W

illiam Den

nison, 

Caroline Do

novan, Alexand

er Fish

er, W

enfeiN

i, Matthew

 Parker, Do

nald Scavia, Suzanne

 Spitzer, 

Anthon

y Waldrop

, Vanessa Vargas, Gregory Ziegler 

Page 2: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

A Multi‐Institu

tional Effo

rtJeremy Testa, Blake Clark, W

illiam Den

nison, Caroline Do

novan, 

Alexande

r Fish

er, W

enfeiN

i, Suzann

e Spitzer, Vanessa Vargas

University

 of M

arylan

d Center fo

r Enviro

nmental Scien

ce

Matthew

 Parker

University

 of M

arylan

d Extension

Anthon

y Waldrop

University

 of M

arylan

d Co

llege

 Park

Gregory Ziegler

Wye Resea

rch an

d Education Center

Donald Scavia

Graha

m Sustainab

ility In

stitu

te, U

niversity

 of M

ichiga

n

Marylan

d DNR, USEPA

 Che

sape

ake Ba

y Prog

ram

USG

S, NOAA

, man

y pa

st fo

recasters

Page 3: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

An Overview

•The Hy

poxia Prob

lem

•Ch

esapeake Bay Hypoxia and

 a Scien

ce History

•Forecasting Hy

poxia –Why? Can it be

 don

e?•What is the

 Impact of H

ypoxia Forecastin

g•Looking Ah

ead

Page 4: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Luo et al. 2011

Ecolog

ical Forecastin

g: Increasin

gly 

Common

 and

 It Gets B

etter w

ith Age

Page 5: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Coastal hypoxia is a global 

phen

omen

on, has worsene

d in m

any 

coastal ecosystem

s in recent decades

(Dia

z &

Ros

enbe

rg 2

008)

•Rec

ent (

2008

) sur

vey

iden

tifie

d >

400

repo

rted

syst

ems

with

hyp

oxia

du

e to

eut

roph

icat

ion;

exp

ande

d to

mor

e re

gion

s co

verin

g ~

250,

000

km2 .

•Hyp

oxia

dis

tribu

tion

linke

d w

ith w

ater

shed

regi

ons

havi

ng la

rge

hum

an

“foot

prin

t” (i.

e., i

nten

se h

uman

act

ivity

and

influ

ence

).

Hyp

oxia

R

epor

tsH

isto

ry

’20

’40

’60

’80

‘00

Cumulative Hypoxia Reports

Page 6: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Hypo

xia Influ

enced by M

any Factors, 

Has M

any Negative Im

pacts

•Biological, che

mical, and

 physic

al processes all relevant

•Hy

poxia im

pacts B

OTH

 biogeoche

mistry and

 food

 web

Page 7: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Chesapeake Bay Hypoxia

•Ch

ronic season

al hypoxia in

 Che

sape

ake Bay

•Hy

poxia linked to eutroph

ication originating from

 watershed

 inpu

ts•

Season

al hypoxia largely confined

 to deep water chann

el in

 Che

sape

ake Bay (red

, yellow)

Page 8: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Severity of hypoxia accom

panied

 by 

increased scientific interest

Page 9: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Why fo

recast hypoxia?

•Oxygen is a keystone

 molecule for life

•Hy

poxia integrates th

e respon

se to

 a variety of p

oint 

and no

npoint so

urce nutrie

nt inpu

ts, as w

ell as p

hysic

al 

forces –test of kno

wledge

•Co

nsiderable m

anagem

ent e

fforts b

eing

 made to 

redu

ce eutroph

ication that leads to hypo

xia

•Legacy of scientific re

search AND Bay mon

itorin

g has 

allowed

 for reasonable pred

ictive mod

els

Page 10: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Forecast M

odels

Three mod

els h

ave be

en used to fo

recast su

mmer hypoxia and

 ano

xia in Che

sape

ake Bay

July Average Hypoxia

O2< 2 mg/L

Early

 Sum

mer

O2< 0.2 mg/L

Late Sum

mer

O2< 0.2 mg/L

•All m

odels forecast h

ypoxia and

 or a

noxia based on

 winter‐sprin

g nu

trient inpu

ts•

http://ia

n.um

ces.ed

u/ecoche

ck/forecast/chesapeake‐bay/201

7/•

Anoxia m

odels a

re re

gressio

n based, hypoxia m

odel is a m

odified

 oxygen sag mod

el•

Each fall, fo

recast is evaluated

 with

 a Sum

mer Review

Page 11: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

How Have the Forecasts P

erform

ed?

•All m

odels h

ave routinely 

forecast low‐oxygen 

volumes with

 success

•There has b

een a slight 

tend

ency fo

r  over‐prediction  

of ano

xic volumes

overpred

ictio

n unde

rprediction

Page 12: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Summer W

ind Direction (and

 speed) 

Affects H

ypoxia Forecastin

g Success

Strong

 Sum

mer Storm

s

Page 13: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Increased Med

ia Interest in

 Hypoxia 

and Forecasting

Forecasting 

Begins

Page 14: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Lesson

s Learned

•Hy

poxia forecasting in Che

sape

ake Bay has b

een a 

success, but th

ere is room

 for improvem

ent

•Hy

poxia forecast ra

ised pu

blic awaren

ess for 

Chesapeake Bay hypoxia issues

•The forecasts h

elpe

d commun

icate the complex 

ecology of th

e Bay in a dynam

ic and

 widely 

accessible fo

rmat 

•Forecast m

odels o

nly de

velope

d after d

ecades of 

research and

 especially, m

onito

ring –we ne

ed to

 maintain mon

itorin

g efforts!

Page 15: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

2017

•Forecasts c

alled for a

bove 

average cond

ition

s

•Initial estim

ates indicate

lower th

an average volum

es

•Early

 August m

aps reveal a 

deep

 water intrusion of 

relatively oxygen

ated

 water

•Why?

Page 16: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

2017

 Pattern Con

sistent with

 Season

‐and

 Region‐Specific Tren

ds

Testa, M

urph

y, Brady & Kem

p, in

 prep

Testaet al. (201

7)

CB5.2 (ju

st north of P

otom

ac)

CB6.1 (Rapp. m

outh)

Page 17: Chesapeake Bay hypoxia forecasting Presentation final · 2017-11-06 · Chesapeake Bay has been a success, but there is room for improvement • Hypoxia forecast raised public awareness

Thank You