Chemical Reactions and Equations. Definition A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more...
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Transcript of Chemical Reactions and Equations. Definition A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more...
![Page 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations. Definition A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances change into one or more new substances.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/551bdcd9550346c3588b5b56/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chemical Reactions and Equations
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Definition
• A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances change into one or more new substances whose chemical and physical properties differ from those of the original substances.
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Writing a Chemical Reaction
• Reactants are the elements or compounds you begin with
• Products are the elements or compounds you end with
Reactants Products“yield”
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Numbers
• Superscripts show the charge of an ion
• Subscripts show the # of atoms in a compound
• Coefficients show the # of molecules
H+1 P-3
H2O C6H12O6
2NaCl 5H2O
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Fill in the Blanks
Reactants
Yields
Product
Subscript Coefficient
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Symbols
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Symbols (cont.)
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Symbols (cont.)
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Signs of a Chemical Change
A gas is produced
A solidprecipitate is formed
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Signs of a Chemical Change
Color Change
Temperature Change
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Types of Chemical Reactions
• Synthesis
• Decomposition
• Single Replacement
• Double Replacement
• Combustion
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Synthesis
• A synthesis reaction starts with two or more reactants and ends up with one product.
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Synthesis
Magnesium + Oxygen Magnesium oxide
2Mg + O2 2MgO
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Synthesis
Sodium + Chlorine gas Salt
2Na + Cl2 2NaCl
http://youtu.be/2mzDwgyk6QM
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Decomposition
• A decomposition reaction starts with one reactant and ends up with two or more products.
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Decomposition
Calcium carbonate decomposes to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
CaCO3 CaO + CO2
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Single Replacement
• A single-replacement reaction starts with two reactants and ends up with two products. An element takes the place of another element that’s in a compound.
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Single ReplacementAluminum foil is placed
in a solution of copper II chloride which produces copper
metal and aluminum chloride solution.
2Al + 3CuCl2 3Cu + 2AlCl3
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Double Replacement• A double-replacement reaction starts with two
reactants and ends up with two products. In this case both reactants and products are compounds. They simply change partners.
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Double Replacement A solution of sodium
chloride is mixed with a solution of lead nitrate resulting in the production of sodium nitrate and lead chloride.
2NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 2NaNO3 + PbCl2
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Combustion
• A combustion reaction always involves a hydrocarbon and oxygen as reactants and ends up with carbon dioxide and water as products.
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What type of reaction is this?
2H2O 2H2 + O2
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
4P + 5O2 P4O10
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2MgO 2Mg + O2
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
BaCl2 + H2S BaS + 2HCl
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
Cl2 + 2NaBr Br2 + 2NaCl
•Synthesis
•Decomposition
•Single Replacement
•Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
3H2 + N2 2NH3
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
CaCl2 + 2KBr 2KCl + CaBr2
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
H2O + MgO Mg(OH)2
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2NH4CO3 2NH3 + H2O + CO2
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
Cu + AgNO3 Ag + CuNO3
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2Al + 3CuCl2 3Cu + 2AlCl3
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
C + 2H2 CH4
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
3NiO + 2Li3P 3Li2O + Ni3P2
•Synthesis
•Decomposition
•Single Replacement
•Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
CuCl2 + H2S 2HCl + CuS
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2H3PO4 3H2O + P2O5
A)SynthesisB)DecompositionC)Single ReplacementD)Double Replacement
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What type of reaction is this?
2Na + FeO Fe + Na2O
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single Replacement
D)Double Replacement