Chemical Hazard Communication StandardGlobally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals WAC 296-901-140

Pam Edwards , IH, MS Technical Service DOSH Olympia , WA

Overview

What is the Globally Harmonized System?

What changed in OSHA’s new Chemical Hazard Communication standard?

SDS

Labels

What about DOSH/Resources?

What is the

Globally Harmonized System (GHS)?

What is the GHS? Harmonized criteria for the classification of

substances and mixtures according to their health, environmental and physical hazards.

Harmonized hazard communication system including requirements for labelling and safety data sheets.

Target Audience - workers, employers, consumers, transport workers, emergency responders

http://bit.ly/LRVdsf

Agencies Involved with the GHS

Federal Washington State

USEPA DOE & WSDA

DOT WSDOT

OSHA L&I / DOSH

CPSC

Dark green: Countries/regions that have already implemented GHS. Light green: Countries/regions where GHS is voluntary. Yellow: Countries/regions that are in the process of implementing GHS. Blue: Countries/regions where GHS is not implemented or not available.

OSHA’s new GHS-based

Hazard Communication Standard

Adopted March 26, 2012“HazCom 2012”

Hazcom 2012 Standard Published March 26, 2012 Conform to the Globally Harmonized System for the

Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) Rev 3 Changes to

– Classification– Label Content– Safety Data Sheet Content (mandatory 16 section SDS, % required)

No Changes to– Scope and Exemptions– Written Hazcom Program– Labeling requirement– MSDS Distribution and Availability in the Workplace– Employee Information and Training (other than training on new

labels and MSDS within 2 years)– Trade Secrets (except to include percentage)

Labeling exemptions

Pesticides Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) regulated chemicals Food, food additives, color additives, drugs, cosmetics,

medical/veterinary devices, alcoholic beverages Consumer products when labeled in accordance with the

Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Seeds treated with pesticides if labeled under US Department of

Agriculture (USDA)

Label and SDS Exemptions

Hazardous waste Hazardous substances

at a CERCLA remediation site Tobacco Wood and wood products

which will not be processed and only present a fire hazard

Articles Food and alcoholic beverages sold, used or prepared

in retail establishments or intended for personal consumption

Major Changes

Labels & (M)SDS

– No longer performance-based.

– Each hazard class and category has specified hazard statement(s), signal word, pictogram(s), and precautionary statement(s) in mandatory Appendix C. Those elements must appear on the label and (M)SDS.

What changed in the Haz Com standard?

Hazard determination

– Now titled “hazard classification”

– Detailed data-based criteria

• Health hazard criteria in mandatory Appendix A and non-mandatory Appendix F

• Physical hazard criteria in mandatory Appendix B

– Specified; no longer performance-based

Classification of chemical hazards(Appendices A & B)

Hazard class: the nature of the physical or health hazards, e.g., flammable solid, carcinogen, oral acute toxicity.

Hazard category: division by degree or type of hazard within each hazard class.

Hazard Class Hazard Category (health hazard criteria, Appendix A)

Acute toxicity 1 2 3 4

Skin corrosion/irritation 1A 1B 1C 2

Serious eye damage/irritation 1 2A 2B  

Respiratory or skin sensitizers 1A 1B    

Germ cell mutagenicity 1A 1B 2  

Carcinogenicity 1A 1B 2  

Reproductive toxicity 1A 1B 2 lactation

Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure 1 2 3  

Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure 1 2    

Aspiration 1      

Hazard Class Hazard Category (physical hazard criteria, Appendix B)

Explosive Unstable Div 1.1 Div 1.2  Div 1.3

Flammable gases 1 2

Flammable aerosols 1 2  

Oxidizing gases 1      Gases under pressure Compressed Liquefied Refrigerated

liquefiedDissolved

Flammable liquids 1 2 3 4

Flammable solids 1 2

Self-reactive A B C D E F G

Pyrophoric liquids 1

Pyrophoric solids 1  Self-heating 1 2Emits flammable gas when in contact with water

1 2 3

Oxidizing liquids 1 2 3Oxidizing solids 1 2 3Organic peroxides A B C D E F GCorrosive to metals 1

GHS pictograms

!

Exploding Bomb Symbol

Unstable ExplosivesExplosives (Divisions 1.1-1.4)Self-reactives (Type A and Type B with Flame)Organic Peroxides (Type A and Type B with Flame)

Flame Symbol Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Flammable Liquids (Categories 1-

3) Flammable Solids Self-Reactives (Type B with bomb,

Types C-F) Pyrophoric liquids and solids Self-heating substances Substances which in contact with

water emit flammable gases Organic Peroxides (Type B with

bomb, Types C-F)

Flame over Circle Symbol

Oxidizing Gases

Oxidizing Liquids

Oxidizing Solids

Gas Cylinder Symbol

Compressed Gas Liquefied Gas Refrigerated

Liquefied Gas Dissolved Gas

Corrosion Symbol

Corrosive to Metals (steel or aluminum >6.25 mm/year at 55C)

Skin corrosion/ irritation – Category 1 (A, B and C)

Serious eye damage/ irritation – Category 1

Skull and Crossbones Symbol

Acute Toxicity – Categories 1-3 (oral, inhalation or dermal routes)

Exclamation Mark Symbol Acute Toxicity – Category 4

(oral, inhalation or dermal routes)

Skin Irritation/ Corrosion – Category 2

Serious Eye damage/ irritation – Category 2A

Skin Sensitizer STOST (single exposure) –

Category 3 (respiratory tract irritation, narcotic effects)

Hazardous to the Ozone Layer

Health Hazard Symbol

Respiratory Sensitizer Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Toxic to Reproduction STOST (single exposure) –

Categories 1-2 STOST (repeated exposure) –

Categories 1-2 Aspiration Hazard

Environment Symbol

Acute hazards to the aquatic environment – Category 1 (Categories 2 and 3 no symbol or signal word)

Chronic hazards to the aquatic environment – Categories 1 and 2 (Categories 3 and 4 no symbol or signal word)

Multiple Hazards

Use all symbols except (different in different GHS adoptions):– OSHA precedence– If skull and crossbones, no exclamation point for

acute toxicity– If corrosive, no exclamation point for eye/skin

irritation– If health hazard for respiratory sensitization, no

exclamation point for skin sensitization or eye/skin irritation

Hazard Statements

Hazard statement for each level of hazard (category) within each hazard class (See Appendix C)– Example: Flammable liquids

• Category 1: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour• Category 2: Highly flammable liquid and vapour• Category 3: Flammable liquid and vapour• Category 4: Combustible liquid

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Hazard Statement Text

The text of all applicable hazard statements shall appear on the label.

Hazard statements may be combined where appropriate to reduce the information on the label and improve readability, as long as all of the hazards are conveyed as required.

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Precautionary Statements

"Precautionary statement" means a phrase that describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical, or improper storage or handling.

OSHA Precautionary Statements

There are 4 types of precautionary statements– Prevention– Response– Storage– Disposal

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OSHA Precautionary Statements

Precautionary statements may be combined or consolidated to save label space and improve readability.

Where a chemical is classified for a number of hazards, and the precautionary statements are similar, the most stringent shall be included on the label

An order of precedence may be imposed If the chemical manufacturer, importer, or responsible party can

demonstrate that a precautionary statement is inappropriate to a specific substance or mixture, the precautionary statement may be omitted from the label.

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Supplementary Hazard Information

Limited to when it provides further detail and does not contradict or cast doubt on the validity of the standardized hazard information

Placement shall not impede identification of information required by the Standard.

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Label Arrangement

Label elements located together on the label, tag or mark

Must not conflict with DOT regulations Pictograms must have red border. Red frame must be wide enough to be clearly visible Blank red diamonds are not permitted Where a DOT label appears on a shipped container,

the same OSHA pictogram shall not appear. Labels must be in English (other languages also

permitted)

1. Product identifier 4. Hazard statement(s)2. Signal word 5. Precautionary statement(s)3. Pictogram(s) 6. Contact info for responsible

party

Workplace Labeling

• Will you continue to use HMIS or NFPA?• While the hazard category number does not appear on the label,

consider:

HAZARDCategoryHazard

1highest

2 high

3medium

4 low

HMIS/NFPAIndex Hazard

1 slight

2moderate

3serious

4severe

What else changed in the Haz Com standard?

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETSSAFETY DATA SHEETS

What else changed in the Haz Com standard?

Safety Data Sheets

– 16-section format now required, similar to the current ANSI format.

– Order of the sections is specified.

– Specific required information for each section is in mandatory Appendix D.

– Environmental provisions are included to be GHS-compliant; OSHA will not enforce (sections 12-15).

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

SDS Chemical manufacturers and importers shall obtain or develop a

safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical they produce or import.

Employers shall have a safety data sheet in the workplace for each hazardous chemical which they use.

Must be in English (additional languages permitted) No relevant information for a sub-heading, must be marked to

indicate no data Preparer must assure information accurately reflects the

scientific evidence used in making hazard classification Update within 3 months of significant new information. If not

currently produces – before shipped again / introduces into the workplace

Manufacture SDS Distribution

Provide with initial shipment and with first shipment after update

Either before or with the shipment On request Retail and wholesale distributors shall post a sign

or inform employers that SDS are available

New SDS elements

Standardized pictograms, hazard statements, signal words, and precautionary statements.

Exact percentages of ingredients are required in most cases; some may still give ranges.

16 Sections

1. Identification2. Hazard(s) identification3. Composition/information

on ingredients4. First-aid measures5. Fire-fighting measures6. Accidental release

measures7. Handling and storage8. Exposure control/

personal protection

9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity11. Toxicological

information12. Ecological information13. Disposal

considerations14. Transport information15. Regulatory

information16. Other information

Section 1 Identification

Product identifier used on the label or other means of identification;

Name, address, and telephone number of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party;

Emergency phone number

Section 2 Hazard(s) Identification

Classification of the chemical

Signal word, hazard statement(s), symbol(s) and precautionary statement(s). (Hazard symbols may be provided as graphical reproductions in black and white or the name of the symbol, e.g., flame, skull and crossbones);

Section 3 Composition / Information on Ingredients

For Substances(a) Chemical name;

(b) Common name and synonyms;(c) CAS number and other unique identifiers;(d) Impurities and stabilizing additives which are classified and contribute to the classification of the substance.

For MixturesIn addition to the information required for substances:

(b) The chemical name and concentration (exact percentage) or concentration ranges of all ingredients which are classified as health hazards and        (1) are present above their cut-off/concentration limits; or         (2) present a health risk below the cut-off/concentration limits.

(b) The concentration (exact percentage) shall be specified unless a trade secret claim is made, when there is batch variability or SDS covers similar mixture (these can show ranges).

If trade secret is claimed, a statement that the specific chemical identity and/or exact percentage (concentration) of composition has been withheld as a trade secret is required.

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Section 4 First-Aid Measures

(a) Description of necessary measures, subdivided according to the different routes of exposure, i.e., inhalation, skin and eye contact, and ingestion;(b) Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed.(c) Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary.

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Section 5 Fire-Fighting Measures

(a) Suitable (and unsuitable) extinguishing media.(b) Specific hazards arising from the chemical (e.g., nature of any hazardous combustion products).(c) Special protective equipment and precautions for fire-fighters.

Section 6 Accidental Release Measures

(a) Personal precautions, protective equipment, and emergency procedures.

(b) Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up.

Section 7 Handling and Storage

(a) Precautions for safe handling.

(b) Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities.

Section 8 Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

(a) OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL), American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV), and any other exposure limit used or recommended by the chemical manufacturer, importer, or employer preparing the safety data sheet, where available.(b) Appropriate engineering controls.(c) Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment.

Section 9 Physical and Chemical Properties

(a) Appearance (physical state, color, etc.);(b) Odor;(c) Odor threshold;(d) pH;(e) Melting point/freezing point;(f) Initial boiling point and boiling range;(g) Flash point;(h) Evaporation rate;(i) Flammability (solid, gas);

(j) Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits;(k) Vapor pressure;(l) Vapor density;(m) Relative density;(n) Solubility(ies);(o) Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water;(p) Auto-ignition temperature;(q) Decomposition temperature;(r) Viscosity.

Section 10 Stability and Reactivity

(a) Reactivity;(b) Chemical stability;(c) Possibility of hazardous reactions;(d) Conditions to avoid (e.g., static discharge, shock, or vibration);(e) Incompatible materials;(f) Hazardous decomposition products.

Section 11 Toxicological Information

Description of the various toxicological (health) effects and the available data used to identify those effects, including: Information on the likely routes of exposure (inhalation,

ingestion, skin and eye contact);

Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics;

Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short- and long-term exposure;

Section 12 Ecological Information

Non-Mandatory

Ecotoxicity (aquatic and terrestrial, where available);

Persistence and degradability;

Bioaccumulative potential;

Mobility in soil;

Other adverse effects (such as hazardous to the ozone layer).

Section 13 Disposal Considerations

Non-Mandatory

Description of waste residues and information on their safe handling and methods of disposal, including the disposal of any contaminated packaging.

Section 14 Transport Information

Non-MandatoryUN number;UN proper shipping name;Transport hazard class(es);Packing group, if applicable;Environmental hazards (e.g., Marine pollutant (Yes/No));Special precautions which a user needs to be aware of, or needs to comply with, in connection with transport or conveyance either within or outside their premises.

Section 15 Regulatory Information

Non-Mandatory

Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question.

Section 16 Other Information

The date of preparation of the SDS or the last change

References

Effective Dates

June 1, 2014 – Employers must train employees on new label and SDS formats.

December 1, 2015 – Labels on distributed containers must comply before shipping.

June 1, 2016 – Employers must update in-house labeling as needed, update written haz com program as needed, & train on any newly-identified hazards.

GHS will also require changes in other standards

Wording of signs and labels required in many substance-specific standards.

Definitions of flammable and combustible materials in multiple standards.

Affects virtually all standards addressing chemical hazards (including PSM, laboratories, spray finishing, dipping, coating, welding, hazardous waste, emergency response, etc.).

Stay tuned . . .

The GHS is updated on a two year cycle.

Recent updates have mostly been text clarifications.

Future updates of the Chemical Haz Com Standard may be necessary– Technical updates for minor terminology changes.– Direct Final Rules for text clarification.– Notice and Comment rulemaking for more substantive or

controversial updates.

What about Labor and Industries?

The new DOSH Haz Com standard

Is expected to be identical to the federal version.

Rulemaking process expected to start 12/18/12, with an effective date of 3/3/13.

There will be outreach, consultation, workshops, and videos to assist employers.

June 1, 2014 – Expected deadline for employers to train employees on new label and SDS formats.

Current WISHA Chemical Hazard Communication rules will change

WAC 296-800-170 Employer Chemical Hazard Communication

WAC 296-839 MSDS and Label Preparation

Will become new chapter in March 2013:

WAC 296-901-140, Hazard Communication

WAC 296-24-330 Flammable and combustible liquids

WAC 296-24-370 Spray finishing WAC 296-67 PSMWAC 296-843 Hazardous Waste

OperationsWAC 296-835 Dipping and Coating

OperationsWAC 296-24 Part I Welding, Cutting,

and Brazing WAC 296-62 WAC, Part I-1 Asbestos,

Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite

WAC 296-62, Part F Carcinogens WAC 296-62-07329 Vinyl ChlorideWAC 296-848 ArsenicWAC 296-62-07521 Lead

WAC 296-62 Part I-2 Hexavalent ChromiumWAC 296-62-074 CadmiumWAC 296-849 BenzeneWAC 296-62 Part O Coke OvensWAC 296-62 Part N Cotton Dust WAC 296-62-07342 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropaneWAC 296-62-07336 AcrylonitrileWAC 296-855 Ethylene OxideWAC 296-856 FormaldehydeWAC 296-62-076 MethylenedianilineWAC 296-62-07460 ButadieneWAC 296-62-07470 Methylene chlorideWAC 296-62-828 Hazardous Chemicals In

LaboratoriesWAC 296-304 Shipbuilding, Ship Repairing and

Ship Breaking

GHS will also require changes in other standards

www.lni.wa.gov/Safety/Rules/WhatsNew

www.lni.wa.gov/safety/topics/atoz/topic.asp?KWID=51

Other resources

www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html

www.schc.org

DOSH Specialist on GHS:

Pam Edwards, Industrial Hygienist, MES

DOSH Technical Services, Tumwater

Pamela.Edwards@lni.wa.gov

(360) 902-6457