CHBE 571 Flow and Transport in Porous Media I Geology, Chemistry and Physics of Fluid Transport
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Transcript of CHBE 571 Flow and Transport in Porous Media I Geology, Chemistry and Physics of Fluid Transport
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CHBE 571 Flow and Transport in Porous
Media I
Geology, Chemistry and Physics of Fluid Transport
4:00-5:30 PM M&W with make-up on Friday
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Syllabus
• Chapter 1 Subsurface Macro Structure – Depositional environments
Alterations • Chapter 2 Subsurface Micro Structure
– Rock and soil minerals DiagenesisMorphology of the pore spaceMineral surface chemistry
• Chapter 3 Rock Properties – Grain size distribution
Pore shape Pore size distribution Surface area Porosity Effect of stressPermeability
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Syllabus• Chapter 4 Volumetric Flux: Darcy's Law
– D' Arcy's original experiments Flow potential Permeability tensor Permeability micro-heterogeneity Permeability anisotropy Darcy's law from momentum balance Non darcy flow
• Chapter 5 Multiphase Pore Fluid Distribution – Capillarity
Nonwetting phase trapping Hysteresis Capillary desaturation Normalized saturation for relative permeability and capillary pressure Relative permeability models Three phase relative permeability Measurement methods
• Chapter 6 Conservation Equations for Multiphase-Multicomponent Flow Through Porous Media
– Fluxes in isothermal flow Mass balance Definitions and constitutive equations for isothermal flow Special cases Overall material balance
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Syllabus• Chapter 7 Two Phase, One Dimensional Displacement
– Dimensionless and normalized variables Trajectories in distance-time space Definition of waves Mass balance across shock Average saturation and recovery efficiency Effect of gravity on displacement Relation between mobility ratio and gravity number on displacement Gravity drainage Interference of waves
• Chapter 8 1-D, Multiphase-Multicomponent Displacement – Overall Concentration and Fractional Flow
Differential Equations Concepts Concentration Velocities in Multicomponent Systems Self-Similar Solutions Example with Two Dependent Variables Shock CO2 + Decane System Surfactant Flooding
• Chapter 9 Ion Exchange with Clays – Equilibrium and Electroneutrality Relations
Relationship between Composition of Electrolyte Solution and of Clays Ion Exchange Waves Calculation of Route, Profile, and HistoryIon Exchange with Surfactant and Clays
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Subsurface Macro Structure
Depositional EnvironmentsFundamental Mechanism for Grain Size SortingEolian DepositsGlacial SedimentsAlluvial FansFluvial or River DepositsDelta SedimentationBarrier Islands Continental Shelf and SlopeSubmarine Canyons and Turbidites
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Facies • igneous • metamorphic • sedimentary
– carbonate facies – shaly facies – sandstone facies
• deltaic facies• turbidite facies• deep water facies; pelagic sediments
– Siliceous ooze– Calcareous ooze– Marine clay
– evaporite facies
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Depositional Environments
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Fundamental Mechanism for Grain Size Sorting
3
2
436
29
buoyance
drag
F R g
F R v
v R g
Stokes Law
Re < 1
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Eolian Deposits
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Glacial Sediments
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Alluvial Fans
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Fluvial or River Deposits
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Schematic representation of a fining-upward sequence deposited in a meandering river
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Delta Sedimentation
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Fluvial channel sand in clay-rich delta
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Barrier Islands
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Continental Shelf and Slope
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Turbidite Formations
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Bouma model for turbidites
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Vertical sequence through a submarine fan
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Carbonate Facies
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Carbonate Facies in a Reef
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Alterations (Macroscopic)
CompactionBuoyancyFracturing Faulting
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Buoyancy
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Fracturing
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Faulting
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Stratigraphy
structure map
Cross sections
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Lithostratigraphic column through the Dan Field
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Asg. 1.1 Subsurface migration of DNAPL
Attached is a contour map of the aquitard (confining formation at the base of an aquifer at Operable Unit No. 2 in Hill Air Force Base in Utah. The ground level is approximately 4694 ft. The water table is seasonal and can vary from 20 to 30 ft below the ground surface. Disposal trenches in the vicinity of U2-33 was used to dispose unknown quantities of trichloroethylene (TCE) bottoms from the solvent recovery unit and sludge from the vapor degreasers from 1967 to 1975. Dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) has been found in a number of wells and borings. Suppose 6 ft of DNAPL was discovered in U2-635. Shade in the areas of the contour map where pools of DNAPL can be expected to be pooled. Also using the attached graph, prepare a plot of a cross-section along the deepest part of the channel. Plot the following: (1) elevation of the aquitard, (2) elevation of the expected DNAPL pools, and (3) location of wells along the deepest part of the channel where DNAPL is expected. Shade the intervals expected to be saturated by DNAPL in these wells.
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Permeability and DNAPL Saturation Logs
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Geologic Time Scale
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Seismic Stratigraphy
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Hydrogeology
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Ground Water
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Migration and Accumulation of Hydrocarbon
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Migration and Accumulation of Hydrocarbon