Chapter Two Federal and State Agencies: Protecting Our Borders.

Chapter Two

Federal and State Agencies: Protecting Our Borders

Policing America, 6th editionKenneth Peak

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.2

Federal Agencies Department of Homeland

Security (DHS) Activated in January 2003

Directorate for Preparedness Science and Technology

Directorate Management Directorate Office of Policy Directorate




Homeland Security• Federal Emergency Management Agency• Customs and Border Protection (CBP)• Immigration and Customs Enforcement

(ICE)• Office of Investigations• Office of Detention and RemovalOperations• Federal Protective Service• Office of Intelligence




Homeland Security• Office of Intelligence and Analysis• Office of Operations Coordination• Domestic Nuclear Detection Office• Transportation Security

Administration (TSA)• Federal Law Enforcement Training

Center (FLETC)




Homeland Security• Citizenship and Immigration

Services• The Coast Guard• The Secret Service




Department of Justice Headed by the attorney general Official legal arm of the government Serve as this nation’s contact with the

International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 56 field offices, approximately 400 resident

agencies, more than 50 foreign liaison posts




FBITop three priority areas1. To protect the United States from

terrorist attack2. To protect the United States against

foreign intelligence operations and espionage

3. To protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes




FBI Recently, the FBI was given new

powers to aid its reform efforts to battle terrorism

Continues to investigate bank robberies, white-collar crimes, and organized crime and drug syndicates

12,200 agents




FBI National Academy

Local police managers from across the country

Ten Most Wanted Fugitives National Crime Information Center

(NCIC) Stolen property, missing and wanted

persons Uniform Crime Report (UCR)




Uniform Crime Report Crime data from more than 15,000

state and local police agencies Eight Part I or Index crimes

Criminal homicide, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson

Twenty-one Part II crimes Crime Clock




Uniform Crime Report Shortcomings of UCR

Does not include crimes not reported to the police

The entire system is voluntary The reporting system is not uniform




Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives

(ATF) Part of the Justice Department Administers the U. S. Criminal Code

provisions concerning alcohol and tobacco smuggling and diversion

Enforces all federal laws relating to firearms, explosives, and arson

Maintains a Bomb and Arson Tracking System




Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

Began with the passage of the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914

In the 1920s, agents focused on organized gangs of Chinese immigrants suspected of importing opium

Major responsibilities include: Development of overall federal drug-

enforcement strategy




Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

Prosecution of suspects for violations of drug-trafficking laws

Full coordination and cooperation with state and local police officials on joint drug-enforcement efforts

Regulation of the legal manufacture of drugs and other controlled substances




U. S. Marshals Service (USMS)

One of the oldest law enforcement agencies

Established under the Judiciary Act of 1789

About 2,650 officers Pursue and arrest DEA fugitives, escaped

federal prisoners, and provide secure environment for federal courts/judges




U. S. Marshals Service (USMS)

Virtually every federal law enforcement initiative involves the USMS

Special Operations Group (SOG) Witness Protection Program




Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Not a law enforcement agency Participates in undercover and

covert operations around the world Engages in research and

development and deploys high technology for intelligence purposes

Responsible to the president




Police Role and Accountability

in China Household registration system and

extensive surveillance Keep close contact with

community residents Community policing works well Comprehensive management Chinese police have positive public

image




Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Main function is the monitoring and collection of federal income taxes

Criminal Investigation Division (CI) Investigates possible criminal

violations of income tax laws and recommends appropriate criminal prosecution whenever warranted




Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

IRS agent are armed They can execute search warrants, make

arrests without warrants, and seize property related to violations of the tax laws

Bank Secrecy Act Enforces wagering tax laws and

investigations related to the pornography industry




Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC)

Established in 1970 and is part of the Treasury Department

Offers law enforcement training for personnel from many federal agencies

Significant surge in hiring by federal agencies after September 11 attacks




State Agencies State bureaus of investigation (SBI)

State’s equivalent to FBI Usually report to the state’s attorney

general Investigate both criminal and civil

cases involving the state and/or municipal jurisdictions




State Agencies Provide technical support to local

agencies in the form of lab or record services and may assist in investigating more serious crimes

State police organizations 42.9% of states use the title State Police 42.9% of states use either State or

Highway Patrol




State Police Organizations Hawaii has no state agency About 58,000 full-time sworn personnel

in 49 state law enforcement agencies Perform a variety of nontraffic functions

SWAT Search and Rescue Drug units




State Police Organizations 28.9% deploy bicycle patrols 18.4% maintain foot patrols 18.4% have marine patrols 51.0% use motorcycle patrols Data collection for the purpose of

identifying, reducing, and preventing any bias-based policing

Chapter Two Federal and State Agencies: Protecting Our Borders.

Documents

Transcript of Chapter Two Federal and State Agencies: Protecting Our Borders.