Chapter 8: Vapor Power Systems
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Transcript of Chapter 8: Vapor Power Systems
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Chapter 8: Vapor Power Systems
A view of the GPU International 80 MW natural gas fired plant adjacent to the Syracuse
University campus in Syracuse NY
Photo Courtesy of GPU International
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Components of a Vapor Power Plant
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Rankine CycleTurbine:
1 2tW h hm
Condenser (1 side):
2 3outQ h hm
Boiler:
1 4inQ h hm
Pump:
4 3pW h hm
Overall Performance:
1 2 4 3
1 4
/ /
/
t p
in
W m W m h h h hh hQ m
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Rankine Idealizations
Processes 1-2, 3-4: Isentropic
Processes 2-3, 4-1: Isobaric
Saturated liquid at State 3
Reversible Pump Work Equation:
For Incompressible Fluids Only!
3 4 3
int rev
pW v p pm
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Principal Device Analysis:
1 2tW m h h
4 3pW m h h
1 2
1 2t
s
h hh h
4 3
4 3
sp
h hh h
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Principal Device Analysis:
1 4inQ m h h
2 3outQ m h h
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Cycle Performance Parameters
/ /
/
t p
in
W m W m
Q m
/
/
p
t
W mbwr
W m
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Improving Cycle PerformanceOne key is in the pressures:
Each method increases cycle thermal efficiency!
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Improving Cycle Performance
Superheat and Reheat protect the turbine, and increase TH.
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Improving Cycle PerformanceAdding an Open Feedwater Heater (with pump).
6 5
2 5
h hyh h
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Improving Cycle PerformanceAdding a Closed Feedwater Heater.
6 5
2 7
h hyh h