Chapter 7 – New world countries - USA, Chile and Argentina (NXPowerLite)
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Transcript of Chapter 7 – New world countries - USA, Chile and Argentina (NXPowerLite)
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD COUNTRIES: USA, Chile and Argentina
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Contents• USA
• California• Napa• Pacific North-West
• Chile• Main regions• Maipo
• Argentina• Main regions• Mendoza• Altitude influences
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
USA
• Most wine grown in the USA is single varietal.
• A growing number are challenging European wines for quality.
• USA has wineries in many states:
California
Washington/Oregon Other scattered regions
California produces more than 90% of all USA wine
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
California
• Zinfandel (based on Italy’s primitivo) is widely planted along with French Colombard, Chenin Blanc, Carignan and Barbera.
• High quality areas are Napa Valley and Sonoma County (both North Coast)
• Regions are: Southern CaliforniaSouthern California South Central CoastSouth Central Coast North Central CoastNorth Central Coast Central ValleyCentral Valley Sierra FoothillsSierra Foothills North CoastNorth Coast
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
California – Napa
• Most famous wine region in USA.
• Diverse range of exposure, climate and soil.
• Gives growers versatile options:– Cabernet Sauvignon
(most common)– Chardonnay– Zinfandel– Sauvignon Blanc– Merlot
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
The Pacific North-West
• The vineyards of the north-west are in the three states of Oregon, Washington and Idaho.
• The best wines come from cool climate grapes like Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay and Riesling.
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Chile
• Internationally competitive on quality and price.
• Wine culture started in 1554 by the Spanish.
• Chile “banked” European vine cuttings as early as the 1830s.
• Chile is still free of the phylloxera louse (thanks to the Andes mountain range and strict quarantine).
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Chile
• The wine regions are mainly in Chile’s central valley.
• Cabernet Sauvignon is Chile’s flagship red grape.
• “Sauvignon” is usually Sauvignon Vert or Sauvignonasse rather than Sauvignon Blanc.
• “Merlot” is often a mixture of Merlot and Carmenere.
• Export wine vs. Domestic wine: bulk produced based on the Pais and Sultana grapes.
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Chile – Main regions
The wine regions are: AconcaguaAconcagua CasablancaCasablanca MaipoMaipo RapelRapel MauleMaule
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Chile – Maipo Valley
• Most famous region, but is not one of the largest.
• Often named on export labels.
• Headquarters of many of the major companies.
• Unlike other regions, some irrigation comes from the Maipo river (a little salty) rather than Andes melt water.
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Argentina
• Internationally competitive on quality and price.
• Viticulture was born in Argentina in 1557 by the Spanish.
• French varietals arrived in 1850.
• Argentina is the 5th largest wine producer with 6% of world production
• Internationally renowned for producing unique Malbec wines.
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Argentina
• The main grapes for red wines are Malbec (dominant), Bonarda, Tempranillo, Barbera, Sangiovese, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah (known locally as Balsamina) and Merlot.
• For white wines, the main grapes grown are Pedro Gimenez and several Torrontes varieties (all Spanish derivatives). For the export market, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc plantings are increasing.
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Argentina – main regions
The main wine regions are:
Calchaqui ValleysCalchaqui Valleys Famatina Famatina
Valleys /Valleys / La Rioja La Rioja San JuanSan Juan
MendozaMendoza Rio NegroRio Negro
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CHAPTER 7 – NEW WORLD: USA, Chile & Argentina
Argentina - Mendoza• The Mendoza Zone is at 33° Lat.
S, at the foothills of the Andes, from 1,060 to 650 metres high.
• Irrigation from Andes melt waters.
• Altitudes allow slow ripening of grapes.
• Sandy, deep soils.• Average annual temperature is
15°C.• Many old Malbec vines.• Outstanding Torrontes Riojano
white wines.• 70% of country’s wine
production.