CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES · The HIRA worksheet is presented as below. EIA R EPORT F OR P...

EIA REPORT

FOR PROPOSED MANUFACTURING OF TEXTILE AUXILIARIES

49

Green Circle, Inc. M/s. Vinayak Industries.

CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.1. Risk Assessment

7.1.1. Objective of the Study

Accidental risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accident consisting of

an event or sequence of events resulting into fire, explosion or toxic hazards to human health

and environment.

The hazard potential and estimation of consequences in case of its accidental release are the

issues of immediate relevance to be considered. It is therefore, imperative to carry out

Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis at the first stage, which identifies vulnerable areas

around the facility and suggests a set of recommendations to improve safety.

The work undertaken consists of the following stages:

Collection of relevant data on project description and proposed activities.

7.1.2. Hazard identification & Risk Assessment (HIRA)

The objective of HIRA study is to identify:

A. All reasonably foreseeable hazards that may cause a major accident; and

B. The kinds of major accidents that may occur, the likelihood of a major accident occurring

and the likely consequences of a major accident.

HIRA must address potentially rare events and situations that ensure the full range of major

accidents and their causes. To achieve this, employers should:

A. Identify and challenge assumptions and existing norms of design and operation to test

whether they may contain weaknesses;

B. Think beyond the immediate experience.

C. Recognise that existing controls and procedures cannot always be guaranteed to work

as expected; and learn lessons from similar organisations and businesses

In this section, effort has been made to identify all possible hazards. These hazards have

been studied further to know their possible consequences.

The various hazards have been discussed under this Chapter.

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Sr. No. Activities

1 Chemical storage and handling

2 Material unloading

3 Transferring of Material for dispatch

4 Weighing & Packing

The HIRA worksheet is presented as below.

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HIRA Worksheet:

Activity Hazards Consequences Intended Safeguards

1. Chemical storage

and handling

1.1. Dust/ flying debris

1.2. Chemical spillage

1.3. Fumes generation

1.4. Inadequate

illumination

1.5. Ergonomically

hazards

1.1.1 Health hazards/ eye irritation

1.1.2 Skin injury/ health hazard

1.1.3 Respiratory problems

1.1.4 Eye stress, headache

1.1.1.1 Safe work procedures will be followed.

1.1.1.2 Safe loading and unloading procedures

will be followed.

1.1.1.3 Trained and competent personnel will be

employed

1.1.1.4 Refreshers training at regular intervals will

be carried out.

1.1.1.5 Provision for adequate ventilation shall be

provided.

2. Material unloading

2.1. Flying debris

2.2. Dust exposure

2.3. Static charge

generation



2.1.1. Health hazards/ eye irritation

2.1.2. Dust Explosion

2.1.3. Fire & Explosion

2.1.4. Skin injury

2.1.4.1. Safe work procedures will be followed.

2.1.4.2. Safe loading and unloading procedures

will be followed.

2.1.4.3. Provision for eye wash and safety shower

will be provided.

2.1.4.4. Trained and competent personnel will be

employed

2.1.4.5. Refreshers training at regular intervals will

be carried out.

2.1.4.6. Equipment will be properly earth.

2.1.4.7. Adequate PPEs will be provided and

training for the use of PPEs will be

imparted.

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2.1.4.8. Provision for adequate ventilation shall be

provided.

2.1.4.9. Electrical fittings as per hazardous are

classification will be considered.

3. Transferring of

Material for

dispatch


3.2. Static charge

generation

3.3. Ergonomically

hazard


2.1.1. Cutting/ injury to personnel

2.1.2. Fire & Explosion

2.1.3. Inhalation issues, lung problems

2.1.3.1. Safe work procedures will be prepared

and followed

2.1.3.2. Adequate PPEs will be provided and

training for the use of PPEs will be

imparted

2.1.3.3. Trained and competent personnel will be

employed

3. Weighing &

Packing

3.1. Dust/ fine powder

exposure

3.2. Splash/ overflow

from hopper

3.3. Ergonomic hazards

3.4. Illumination hazard

3.1.1. Health hazard

3.1.2. Skin injury

3.1.3. Eye strain & stress/ eye irritation/

serious eye injury

3.1.1.1 Provision for dust extraction arrangement

for packing machines considered.

3.1.1.2 Proper means of ventilation/ exhaust

facility will be provided

3.1.1.3 Standard PPEs will be provided and

training for the use of PPEs will be imparted

3.1.1.4 Safety shower & eye wash arrangement

will be provided

3.1.1.5 Standard work cycle procedures will be

followed

3.1.1.6 Trained and competent personnel will be

employed

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3.1.1.7 Proper arrangement for lighting will be

ensured

Conclusion

The Risk assessment study conducted for all the operations involved in the project. The study considers all the hazards associated with all

the activities which will be involved. The hazards leading to possible consequences are summarised in the worksheet and the risk

mitigation measures and intended safeguards are specifically mentioned in the worksheet. The risk to personnel, process/operation is

considered in the study.

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7.2. Disaster Management Plan

7.2.1. Introduction to Disaster Management Plan

The various controls including engineering, procedural and administrative are provided to

control the manufacturing activities at the industries; however things may go wrong even with

the best arrangements. The Disaster Management Plan is prepared to control and minimize the

effect of any emergency which may occur within the industrial premises affecting the employees

or the people in the surrounding; it may also affect the environment.

The disaster/emergency may arise as a natural calamity such as Floods, Earthquakes, etc. or

may be a Man-Made Disaster such as a Leakage/Spillage of Hazardous Chemicals/Gases or

Fire and Explosion.

A Disaster Management Plan is an action plan drawn to fix responsibility and actions to be

taken by various groups to contain the disaster/emergency incident within shortest possible time

and with minimum losses to people, material, property and environment.

It is the responsibility of the establishment/industry that the disaster/emergency plan is widely

circulated for benefit / training of all the employees within the premises and the individuals

residing in the surrounding areas of the premises. It is the responsibility of all the individuals in

their respective areas to ensure the success of this plan.

7.2.1.1 Objective

The main objectives of preparing the Disaster Management Plan are:

1. To define and assess emergencies, including risk and environmental impact

assessment.

2. To establish the procedures to handle emergency situation that may arise due to spillage

and fire while handling plant & equipment.

3. To control and contain incidents within shortest possible time and to restore normalcy.

4. To safeguard employees and people in vicinity and to minimize damage/loss to property

or/and the environment.

5. To inform employees, the general public and the authority about the hazards/risks

assessed, safeguards provided, residual risk if any and the role to be played by them in

the event of emergency.

6. To be ready for 'mutual aid' if need is arise to help neighbouring unit. Normal jurisdiction

of an OEP is the own premises only, but looking to the time factor in arriving the external

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help or off-site plan agency; the jurisdiction must be extended outside to the extent

possible in case of emergency occurring outside.

7. To establish procedures to appraise District Administration / Civil authorities/ and mutual

aid centres etc. in order to ensure prompt relief for execution of Emergency Response

Plan.

8. To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normalcy.

9. To provide authoritative information to the news media.

10. To preserve records, equipments etc., and to organize investigation into the cause of the

emergency and preventive measures to stop its recurrence.

11. To ensure safety of the works before personnel re-enter and resume work.

12. To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for

emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.

7.2.1.2 Definition and scope

An emergency could be defined as any situation which presents a threat to safety of

persons or/and property. It may require outside help also.

A major emergency occurring at a work is one which may affect one or several sections of

the plant and possibly extend beyond the factory boundaries that may cause serious

injuries, loss of life, and extensive damage to property or serious disruption outside the

works. It will require the use of outside resources to handle it effectively.

Disaster is a catastrophic situation in which the day-to-day patterns of life are, in many

instances, suddenly disrupted and people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and

as a result need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities

of life, such as –

(1) Disasters resulting from natural phenomena like earthquakes volcanic eruptions, storm,

surges, cyclones, tropical storms, floods, landslides, forest fires and massive insect

infestation. Also in this group, violent drought which will cause a creeping disaster

landing to famine, disease and death must be included.

(2) Second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon

the environment, such as armed conflict, industrial accidents, factory fires, explosions

and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other

structural collapses; air, sea, rail and road transport accidents, aircraft crashes,

collisions of vehicles carrying inflammable liquids, oil spills at sea, and dam failures.

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(3) The on-site emergency plan deals with measures to prevent and control emergencies

within the factory and not affecting outside public or environment.

(4) The off-site emergency plan will deal with measures to prevent and control

emergencies affecting public and the environment outside the premises. The

manufacturer should provide the necessary information on the nature, extent and likely

effects of such incidents.

7.2.1.3 Scope

The M/s. Vinayak Industries has prepared Disaster Management Plan in order to provide

proper guidance to plant operating personnel to confidently handle any accidental spillage

or fire / explosion / bursting of vessel/tank or any natural calamity or sabotage.

With this objective comprehensive information has been gathered and analyzed on the

textile handling plant and equipment which includes the hazardous properties of

materials/chemicals, fire hazards, safety appliances, safety measures incorporated in the

plant, emergency procedures and finally regarding the constitution & responsibility of

Emergency Rescue Team (Emergency Response & Management Team / Task Force).

The potential hazards which may cause emergency includes:

Chemical Fire / Explosion in the plant or storage area

Electrical Fire in the plant or storage area.

Accidental spillages and leakages during handling of material and plant / equipment

failure causing severe health hazard due to employees exposure to the hazardous

substances.

7.2.1.4 Methodology

A major emergency occurring at a plant is one that may cause serious injuries, loss of life,

extensive damage to property or environment or serious disruption inside or outside the plants.

This may demand the rescue and relief measures on a war footing to handle it effectively and

quickly. Within the high-risk technology industries, the need for well-planned measures should

be self-evident.

No matter how well a process is controlled and safeguarded by instruments and process safety

procedures, it is inevitable that there is a residual risk, which is capable of causing a variety of

emergencies.

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The Disaster Management Plan describes the Organization & procedures for dealing with

potential accidents arising from the operations of M/s. Vinayak Industries.

Experiences of accidents that have occurred in various other similar plants were considered

in the preparation of DMP especially storing & handling the materials identical to this plant.

This plan will need periodic review & modification following emergency exercise, or include

any new information relating to changes to the facilities.

The Factories Act, 1948 as amended in the year 1987 under section 41B requires that every

occupier shall draw up a Disaster Management Plan and detailed disaster control measures for

his plant and make them know to the employees and to the general public living in the vicinity of

the plant.

Its objective is to reduce the severity of loss following particular hazardous incidents. At the

same time, must be clearly understood that it is not a substitute for maintaining good standards

for working consistence with the requirements of safety and health inside the plants.

7.2.1.5 Level of disasters

The Guidelines (NDMA Guidelines) categorize the levels of disasters into L0, L1, L2, & L3

based on the ability of various authorities to deal with them. In short, in order to facilitate the

responses and assistances to States and Districts, the levels of disasters have been defined as

follows.

1. L0 level denotes normal times which will be utilized for close monitoring, documentation,

prevention and preparatory activities. Training on search and rescue, rehearsals,

evaluation and inventory updation for response activities will be carried out during this

time.

2. L1 level specifies disaster that can be managed at the District level, however, the State

and Centre will remain in readiness to provide assistance if needed.

3. L2 level disaster situations are those which require assistance and participation of State,

mobilization of its resources for management of resources.

4. L3 level disaster situation is in case of large scale disaster where the State and District

authorities have been overwhelmed and require assistance from the Central

Government for reinstating the State and District machinery as well as for rescue, relief,

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other response and recovery measures. In most cases, the scale and intensity of the

disaster as determined by the concerned technical agencies like Indian meteorological

department (IMD)/ Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) are

sufficient for the declaration of L3 disaster.

7.2.1.6 Information on risk evaluation preliminary hazard analysis

This Plan is needed to respond to a variety of emergencies / disasters:

i) Disasters due to emergency on account of:

a. Fire or explosion

b. Electrical fire

c. Spillage and Leakages

a. Fire or explosion: The organization is storing &handlingflammable chemicalswhich

can ignite if exposed to source of heat / ignition. The various sources of heat /

ignition include hot work, mechanical frictions, naked flames, static electricity, hot

surfaces etc.

b. Electrical Fire: The Electrical fire may be caused due to generation of static charge

during charging of materials. The other reasons for fire include use of faulty or

inappropriate electrical equipment, transformers, DG sets etc. Also dry grass is

normally avoided in the premises and it will be ensured that there is no grass (dry) at

any point of time by ensuring better housekeeping.

c. Spillages and Leakages: During handling of material and plant / equipment failure

causing severe health hazard due to employees exposure to the hazardous

substances. Spillages and leakages of flammable substances may also lead to fire.

ii) Disaster due to natural calamities such as:

a. Flood

b. Earth quake

c. Heat wave

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a. Flood:

The nearest water body from the facility are Sabarmati River (approx. 14 km). The

heavy rainfall and water released from the Sabarmati River may increase water level

in the river bed creating flood situation.

b. Earth quake:

It is found that the district falls in the seismic zone III.

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c. Heat wave:

The Ahmedabad region experienced the heat wave in the past history. Also it was

observed that the Ahmedabad Divisions comes under vulnerable area.

d. Cyclone:

Ahmedabad yet not faces any major cyclone but it came in cyclone prone area.

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iii) Disaster due to external factors:

a. Sabotage, Civil Riots or War, Terrorism: No solution can be offered to eliminate

either terrorist threats or planted bombs, but one can be well or badly prepared to

cope with them when such incidents happen. It is essential for organizations to

design and implement both good physical security and a comprehensive bomb

threat response plan.

The action plan responding to an emergency situation depends very much on the level

of the emergency which, itself is defined by the consequences arising from the types of

hazard identified.

7.2.2. Disaster preparedness

This section highlights the Organization for disaster preparedness. For an industry storing /

handling flammable substances, it is essential to prepare a good effective disaster plan to

control On Site – Off Site emergencies and to mitigate losses. The disaster management

plan (emergency response plan) ensures that all available resources, facilities etc., are

enforced into services at right time to tackle an emergency.

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It is not possible to envisage and detail every action which should be taken in emergency

and to harness the basic elements of emergency preparedness such as Gravity of

emergency, Communication of information, on-site action for process and emergency

controls, Mobilization of internal and external resources for fire and spillage etc.

Emergency Organization is set up specifying duties and responsibilities of all to make best

use of all resources and to avoid confusion while tackling the emergency.

Disaster Management Plan / On-Site Emergency Plan (Emergency Response Plan)

highlights the flow of information and co-operation among various action groups within the

factory. Off-site Emergency Plan indicates various action groups at district levels which will

be engaged in case of off-site emergency.

Emergency organization and arrangement include:

7.2.3. Emergency Organization

This section is devised to suggest the organization for emergency preparedness. Key personnel

to combat emergency are nominated with specific responsibilities according to set procedures

and making best use of the resources available and to avoid confusion. Such key personnel

include Site Main Controller, Incident Controller; Services Coordination includes Fire & Safety,

Security, Engineering Services (Maintenance), Environment, Lab (QC/QA), HR & Admin,

Account & Finance, Store & purchase and Process.

All such key personnel (Figure 2.5: Plant Layout & Figure: 7.1) shall be available in all the

office timings and shall be called during emergency on holidays.

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Figure 7.1 Emergency management chart

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENTCHART

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7.2.4. Safe Assembly Points

Assembly Point will be provided at the green belt area. The safe assembly points are

selected considering the distance from the hazardous/flammable storage, wind direction,

capacity to accommodate the required number of people and availability of other resources

in that area.

In case of emergency, it will be necessary to evacuate all personnel from effected area,

except personnel who will be directly involved in dealing with the incident. On evacuation

people will go to designated assembly points.

7.2.5. Emergency warning system

A siren audible in all parts of the facility, to warn the people for the evacuation with different

sounds for declaration of emergency or emergency call off will be provided along associated

with manual call point are provided at prominent locations. Warning system will always be

kept in working order.

The mode of siren for evacuation is wailing pitch. On hearing the siren, people will disperse

from the work area and will evacuate to safe assembly points. Proper instruction will be

given to all the employees about the rising of siren and the emergencies. The same

instructions will also be displayed at prominent places within the plant area.

The employees will proceed to the predetermined assembly points on hearing the siren and

the support staff / security forces will instruct and divert the people away from the affected

area towards the assembly points.

7.2.6. Medical Services and First Aid

M/s. Vinayak Industries has not provided Occupational and Health Centre at the facility but

has services of visiting doctor.

The First aid team will play critical role in attending the victims in case of any accident.

First Aid boxes will be provided at prominent locations & trained first-aider will be available

in all working shifts. The list of trained first aiders will be displayed at prominent locations

and is also available at security gate office.

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In case of any medical assistance other than first aid, the Admin In-charge/ Site- SHE

representative will arrange for a vehicle to shift the casualty to the company accredited

hospital, or call an ambulance to mobilize the casualty to the medical center/ hospital.

List of first aid medicine is given as below:

S. No. Name of the Medicines When to use medicine

1 Antacid Tablet Chew a tablet in case of Acidity.

2 Anacin Swallow a tablet in case of headache, cold,

fewer & body pain due to cold.

3 Band aids Apply on small wounds / cuts.

4 Bruno Apply on burnt part of body.

5 Cotton band aid To bandage wounds

6 Cotton wool For cleaning & bandaging wounds / eyes.

7 Crocin Tab. In case of fever need to be swallowed.

8 Dettol Solution As anti-bacterial cleaning agent on wounds.

9 Eucalyptus Oil In case of cold& swellings / muscles.

10 Eye drop/rose water In-case of irritation in eyes.

11 Flagyl Swallow a tablet in case of Diarrhea.

12 Iodex ointment Apply gently painful swelling /muscles.

13 Lomofen tablet Swallow a tablet in case of loose motion.

14 Merbromin red solution For wound external use only.

15 Petroleum jelly / Apana Apply on skin for oily& smoothness.

16 Plaster Tape Bandage wounds.

17 Soframycin cream Apply on wounds. External use only.

18 Vicks Vapor rub In case of headache during cold.

7.2.7. Transport and Evacuation Arrangement

In a major emergency, it is essential to evacuate personnel from affected areas and to

further evacuate non-essential workers from areas likely to be affected, should the

emergency escalate.

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7.2.8. Communication and help from external emergencies services

Communication is a critical factor in handling an emergency. To control the situation by the

earliest possible action. 1 Direct Line with list of emergency contact numbers will be

provided at emergency control center as well as at security gate.

The external emergency services which can be contacted for help during emergency

include:

Sr. NO. Services/Authorities Telephone no.

1 District Collector (DC) +91 79 2756197/71/72/73/74/75/76/77

+91 79 27551681

2 Control Room Ahmedabad +91 79 25630200

3 Police Station, Bavla +91 2714 232100

4 Fire Brigade Station, Bavla +91 101+91 79 27910203

5 Global Hospital +91 79 27910203, +91 79 30495900

The above emergency services telephone numbers are displayed at emergency control

room and prominent locations within the plant.

7.2.9. Other arrangement

7.2.9.1 Power Supply Interruption

For Emergency, Plant Operations and Emergency Lighting provisions will be made

according to requirements. DG set of 125 KVA capacities will be provided as backup.

7.2.9.2 Electrical Supply

Electricity is considered as a major cause of fire in industries. To prevent fires due to

electricity, adequate control measures will be provided which includes regular inspections

and preventive maintenance. To prevent other electrical accidents such as electric shock

etc. the adequate safety precautions will be implemented including provision of Fuse, MCB,

ELCB, rubber mats in front of panels, proper laying of cables, etc.

7.2.9.3 Trade Waste Disposal

Organization will be more concerned for environment protection and pollution abatement at

all times.

Provision will be made to dispose Solid wastes. The company will dispose of all solid waste

in safe manner.

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7.2.9.4 Emergency Action

Though it will be an impractical to describe all the foreseeable scenarios involving

flammable/combustible materials and the suggested action for the same, some important

ones are discussed here briefly. Even in identical incidents the right course of action may

not necessarily be the same every time as the actual action will depend on the several

factors, such as the place of incident, quantity of material involved, the amount of release,

the nature of material, the wind direction, the wind velocity, temperature of surrounding, time

of day, prevailing season and weather condition.

7.2.9.4.1 In case of Fire

In case of declaration of onsite emergency (Hearing of emergency siren), evacuate the area

as per evacuation plan & exit signs on instruction of shift in-charge / incident controller as

quickly as possible after safe shutdown of the plant. See that the wind direction is in

opposite direction of assembly point by wind direction indicator. If not, change the assembly

point.

Following are the general guideline for emergency action.

Raise the alarm through nearest MCP

Inform security and shift in charge.

Carry nearest fire extinguisher & try to extinguish if possible.

Assemble emergency team and inform other emergency members.

Check the wind direction, then decide the assembly point and inform accordingly.

Warn the people nearby.

Attempt to isolate /extinguish the fire with the help of others with available

appropriate extinguishers.

Arrange fire hydrant hose and try to cool surrounding

Cordon the area and try to shift the drum of flammable material.

Used foam generating nozzle and create foam to extinguish fire.

If fire beyond control call fire brigade after consultation with chief controller.

Cool the surrounding or remove flammable material if possible.

Take head count at site and inform to the chief controller.

Also take head count at the assembly point and tally.

Search for missing person if any.

Call for mutual aid members for help, if require Arrange for rescue, if required.

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Give first aid to the injured person and check for further treatment is required.

Give priority to saving life and preventing further injuries.

Confirm the massage of incident attend to the main controller & raise the all clear

siren.

Collect the photograph and other evidence to cause fine.

7.2.9.4.2 In Case of spillage of chemicals/materials while unloading & loading activity Tankers/Tanks inside the factory premises:

Special instruments for storing, Handling & emergency actions in case of spillage of

chemicals/materials are given separately in MSDS.

Following are the general guideline for action:

Use PPE’s like SCBA/Gas mask/Respirator & evacuate the area.

Designated area will be provided for tanker parking.

In case of declaration of onsite emergency (Hearing of emergency siren), evacuate the area

as per evacuation plan & exit signs on instruction of shift in-charge / incident Controller as

quickly as possible after safe shut down of the plant. See that the wind direction is in

opposite direction of assembly point by wind direction indicator. If not, change the assembly

point.

7.2.9.5 In case of Flood / Earthquake:

In case of natural calamity like flood, Storm or earth quake (remote possibility) the

management may seek outside help. The help may be for firefighting, Evacuation (of

surrounding population), Medical treatment, shelter, food, transport or communications.

Following are the general guideline for emergency action:

Close main valve

Switch off electricity (main).

Assemble outside the office, away from Electric Poles & Wires.

Evacuate the areas after initiating (communication in working condition) off site

organization.

7.2.9.6 In case of War/Civil riots:

Following are the general guideline for emergency action:

Intimate nearest police station & stimulate off site emergency plan

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Stop unloading / loading operations (if any)

Intimate civil defense dept. about the situation

Security persons shall protect & control law & order.

7.2.9.7 General action plan

All personnel handling the emergency should wear PVC suit / alkali suit, gumboot,

PVC hand gloves, PVC goggles.

Isolate the sources of supply.

Cordon off the area.

Avoid the entry of unnecessary people.

Start barricading the area with sand / earth.

Flush the affected body parts with plenty of water and seek medical help.

7.2.9.8 Evacuation Plan

On hearing the siren all employees shall evacuate the area by safely closing down all

operation as per instructions from their Incident Controller or in nighttime Shift supervisor.

After gathering at assembly points, shift-in-charge should take the roll call & ensure that no

person is left trapped.

The Rescue Coordinator or Guard (who is inside the plant for duty) shall ensure that none is

trapped inside the plant. Security guards shall ensure total evacuation.

Main gate will be used for movement of personnel, movement of rescue, medical aid.

7.2.9.9 Traffic Control

The Security In-charge or Guard shall contact Service Coordinator and shall make himself

available at main gate for traffic control till local authorities help is available.

Unwanted traffic and public gathering shall be controlled & avoided by security personnel till

local help from police is available.

7.2.9.10 Public Relations

Inevitably a major incident will attract the attention of the press, television and radio services

and anxious inquiries from friends and relatives will be flooding the factory. It is essential to

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make arrangements for authoritative release of information to them. SMC/IC who is familiar

with procedures of dealing with such situations, shall take charge of public Relations,

information etc. He will be the sole authoritative source of information to the news media

and others.

7.2.9.11 Declaration of cessation of emergency

Only the Main Site Controller in consultation with Incident Controller and The Service

coordinator (Emergency Fire, Rescue & Security Co-coordinator etc.) will declare the

cessation of emergency ensuring that all the spillage are arrested or fires are extinguished

and there is no risk of re-ignition (in case of fire).

In the case of gas, the all clear will be declared only when the source of emission has been

effectively isolated and gas clouds dispersed well below safe level.

Even when the all clear Signal has been given, great care is needed while entering affected

areas and no work in connection with salvage, collection of evidence should be commenced

until a thorough examination of the area has been carried out.

The siren code will follow for declaring the cessation of an emergency.

All clear signed shall be given by SMC / Incident Controller.

7.2.9.12 Plan appraisal and updating

The Onsite Emergency Plan Mock drills will be conducted for the appraisal and updating the

Onsite Emergency Plan.

The Onsite Emergency Plan Mock drills will review the adequacy and effectiveness of the

arrangements made / provided for emergency planning and will cover:

Awareness and promptness of action taken by the employees.

The adequacy of evacuation routes and safe assembly points.

The adequacy of fire fighting system and equipment.

The adequacy of leak / spillage control system and equipment.

The adequacy of transport and medical arrangements.

The adequacy of personal protective equipment and safety equipment etc.

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Any inadequacy observed during the mock drill will be corrected and incorporated, the

Onsite Emergency Plan will be updated and any changes made in the Onsite Emergency

Plan will be made known to all.

7.2.9.13 Safety and mitigating measures

Safety is major consideration for M/s. Vinayak Industries and the industry is committed to

mitigate the risk. Important mitigating measures will be provided to contain and control the

emergency are outlined below:-

7.2.9.14 Fire Prevention and Protection measures

Fire is the major risk at M/s. Vinayak Industries because of storage handling and use of

flammable substances within the premises as raw material and products. Adequate control

measures will be provided to detect and fight fires. The major firefighting arrangements

provided includes

Emergency siren system and outside communication system provision will be made

available.

Firefighting Arrangement: Fire Extinguishers, Foam type, Dry Chemical Powder Type,

Water sprinkler system and sand bucket will be installed at various locations in the

premises.

The nearest fire brigade station is Fire Brigade Station. Approx. 9.5 km north.

The plant will be equipped with a comprehensive fire protection system. Following facilities

will be provided for the fire protection:-

Fire Hydrant System

Portable Fire Extinguishers

7.2.9.15 Equipments and Process safety

M/s. Vinayak Industries will comply the statutory requirements and provide safety measures.

The following points to be considered:

Guard shall be provided on moving parts of machineries.

Adequate ventilation or other engineering controls shall be provided to keep the

airborne contaminants below their respective threshold limit value.

Lifting tools, tackles and machines and pressure systems will be tested and

examined as per statutory requirement.

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Proper earthling and bonding shall be provided etc.

7.2.9.16 Post emergency planning

All evidences should be collected and accident should be investigated.

Before restart up of the activities, assess the situation and ensure that it is safe to

restart the plant activities.

Re-start the plant in the standard sequence.

7.3. Health, Safety and Environmental Protection

The policy of the company is to manufacture, handle and dispose of all substances safely

and without creating unacceptable risk to human health or the environment.'

Company is committed to complete safety and accident prevention policies for ensuring the

elimination of risk, accidents by conscientious involvement in Safety and Health

Programmed. The industry will;

Establishment and maintain programmes to ensure that laws and regulations

applicable to its products and operations are known as obeyed.

Develop its own standards where laws or regulations may not be adequately

protective and adopt, where necessary, its own standard where laws do not exists.

Stop manufacturing any product or any operation if hazards of the same, to the

human beings and environment are unacceptable.

Each and every employee is expected to adhere to the spirit as well as letters of

company policy.

Any hazards, adverse situation or environmental risk which comes to their attention

should be promptly reported for the corrective measures.

Safety has been accepted as complete and separate functions like other functions

such as production, maintenance, marketing, etc.

Auditing is necessary for an effective health and safety programmes, and periodical

auditing will be carried out.

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We believe safety is a team work and each and every employee of the company is

responsible and accountable for the safety.

7.3.1. Employee responsibility

Follow the policy and applicable laws and regulation to protect your own health and

safety as well as that of other workers, the public and the environment.

Present ideas that support the goals of policy.

Promptly report concerns about possible violation of this policy to the persons listed

or to your manager.

7.3.2. Managers responsible for a facility, activity, product or service will:

Communicate responsibility with employees, communities, customers and

government agencies regarding environmental health and safety issue.

Cooperate with the public, government and other interested parties to develop

appropriate regulatory and public policies that protect employee and public health

and the environment.

Implement effective programs, training and best practices for health, safety and

environment protection and for the elimination or reasonable reduction of materials.

Regularly assess plant operations & management. Establish measurements to

ensure compliance with this policy and applicable laws & regulations, when

appropriate; review assessment results with environmental programs.

Ensure that an employee with EHS responsibilities is appropriately screened before

appointment and that continued appropriateness for their position is periodically

reviewed.

Develop appropriate program for safety reviews of new and redesigned products

prior to sale and distribution to customers. Monitor after-sale safety performance to

identify and address significant product safety issues.

Work cooperatively with, contractors, business partners & suppliers to ensure that

our relationships with them are supportive of this policy.

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Promptly report to medical Services, Environmental Program & your assigned legal

counsel any,

Emergency evacuation, communicable disease or other serious health indent.

Work related employee facilities & other serious safety incidents requiring a report to

a governmental agency.

Information regarding a report to a governmental agency or any governmental

allegations of substantial violations of environmental laws or regulations.

Legal proceedings alleging significant property damage or personal injury from

environmental contamination or exposure to dust/chemical fumes & other

information requested by medical services or Environmental programs.

7.3.3. Training and rehearsing

All employees should know the details of Disaster Management plan and they must receive

initial training in emergency procedures. At suitable intervals this knowledge must be

exercised and the basic plan reviewed and brought up-to-date. It is essential to establish the

necessary confident volunteers and better expertise, so the individuals can carry out their

allocated duties. Rehearsal of evacuation should be regularly carried out efficiently and

should cause minimum disruption to the normal activities. As per GFR, Mock Drill should be

conducted six monthly.

An after-mock drill report may be prepared detailing the lacunas & strong points so as to

make improvements in the emergency action plan.

7.3.4. Do’s & Don’ts of preventive maintenance, strengthening of HSE, mfg utility staff for safety related measures

Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts

Transfer and Handling of Hazardous Chemicals.

1 Use spill kit while removing the

spillage.

Do not wash off the spilled chemical to open

drain.

2

Use transfer pumps or nitrogen air

pressure for unloading and transfer

of chemicals.

Do not try to attempt to transfer the material

manually.

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3

Avoid dust generation while

charging the solid chemicals and

powder in the reactor.

Avoid inhalation of dust of

chemicals while charging the

chemicals manually in the vessel or

reactor.

Never charge the chemical in the reactor without

use of face mask and goggles.

4

Keep the chemical containers tightly

closed and in a cool, well ventilated

area.

Keep away chemical drums and

containers from sources of heat.

Never keep the chemical drums in direct sun or

near any equipment where they can get heated.

5

Use secondary containment while

unloading and loading the chemical

from and to the drum.

Do not spill the chemical on the ground.

6

See that the reactor is properly

cleaned before charging the

chemicals.

Do not Keep the agitator of the reactor on before

and during charging of the reactor.

7

Study the MSDS of the chemical

being handled. Know the

incompatible chemicals.

Never store the incompatible materials together.

It is dangerous.

8

Ensure electrical continuity of

reactor, equipment & pipeline to

ensure static electricity is not

accumulated. Also ensure that they

are grounded properly.

Do not smoke, eat or drink in areas where

flammable & hazardous chemicals are stored or

handled.

Check continuity of earthing strips and earth

resistance once in six months .

9 Eat food only in the specified area . Do not eat food without washing your hands with

soap and water

10 Mix corrosives or solvents slowly Don’t ever sniff or taste a chemical to identify it.

11 Always add acids to water, not

water to acids.

Don’t wear contact lenses- they can absorb or

trap chemicals in your eyes.

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11

Use the right personal protective

equipment, such as goggles, safety

gloves with each chemical.

Don’t put your finger or hands into corrosives or

solvents.

12

Make sure your personal protective

equipment fits right and that you

know how to use it.

Don’t use a chemical if you don’t know what it is

and the hazards of the chemical.

13 Use the right respirator cartridge for

the chemical.

Don’t skip safety precautions to get the job done

faster.

14 Wash your hands well before

eating, drinking or leaving work.

Don't touch any unknown chemical with bare

hand, smell or taste.

15

Use proper ventilation such as fans

and exhaust hoods or eco

Ventilators to keep the

concentration of dangerous

chemicals below its TLV.

Don't mix oxidizing agents with flammable/

combustible substances.

16 Know emergency first aid

procedures from MSDS.

Do not allow any source of ignition nearby

during handling of flammable or hazardous

chemical.

17

Avoid inhalation of toxic chemical

and handle them within chemical

hood.

Don't add water to concentrated acid.

18 Use explosion-proof electrical/

ventilating/ lighting equipment.

Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapour/spray

of any chemical.

19 Ensure that non compatible

chemicals are not stored together.

Do not store oxidizers on wood shelves. A leak

could start a fire.

20

Provide proper training to

employees and keep them informed

about MSDS.

Keep a hard copy of MSDS ready

for reference all the time

Never dip your hand into a chemical even if you

are wearing gloves

21 Make sure that the container is Do not dispose of tank or reactor sludge on the

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properly closed or fitted tightly. ground as it is hazardous.

22

Use only outdoors or in a well-

ventilated area for the storage of

hazardous chemicals.

Avoid release the pollutant or waste to

environment.

23 Regularly Check the tank level Do not over fill the tank.

24 Maintain the level of the tank below

80 % of its maximum capacity

Do not unload any material in the tank if there is

not sufficient space in the tank.

25 Keep the surrounding area of the

tank free from any obstacle.

Do not keep any material or equipments inside

the dyke wall area.

26 Keep the drain valve of the dyke

always closed.

Do not keep the Pip hole or dip hole of the tank

open.

27 Keep the dyke drain pit always

clean.

Never carry out any maintenance work without

valid work permit.

28

Do the regular thickness testing of

the storage tank walls and roof.

Do not use the ordinary oil paint for painting the

structure and storage tanks. Always use

corrosion proof paint.

29 Do the earth pit resistance testing of

the tank form once in three months.

Do not use the earth pit strips as neutral while

carrying out welding.

30

Always drain water from the bottom

of the tank ( for tanks containing

petroleum products)

Do not allow the drain water to get accumulated

inside the dyke of the storage tank

31 Cut the grass inside the dyke wall

regularly to avoid the risk of fire Do not allow the grass to grow inside the dyke.

32

The dyke wall and dyke floor of

hazardous acid tank should be lined

with corrosion resistance (acid

proof) bricks.

Do not damage the lining of the dyke wall or

flooring of the hazardous acid storage tanks.

33

Keep all the drums containing

hazardous chemicals are in covered

shade or at a lower temperatures as

specified by supplier.

Do not store chemical containers (empty or full)

at a height more than three feet above floor

level.

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34

Connect the containers to earth by

a conducting wire so as to avoid

spark discharge due to static charge

while loading or unloading the drum.

Protect the earthling pipe from the corrosion.

Due to chemical effect it corroded fast. So life of

the earth pipe is reduced.

35

Label all storage drums properly

and ensure they are legible and

visible.

Do not use the empty drums for storage of any

other chemical .

General Do’s and Don’ts for chemical Industry.

36 Inspect storage areas frequently at

regular intervals. Never grind explosive substances.

37

Keep all the drums containing

hazardous chemicals in covered

shade or at lower temperatures as

specified by supplier.

Do not handle hazardous chemicals without

glows & face masks.

38

Keep the work area well-ventilated,

or work under local exhaust

ventilation. Increase the ventilation

by mechanical means if necessary.

Don’t store chemicals in a sink or fume hood,

except for certain toxic gases that are so

dangerous they can only be stored in a gas

cabinet.

39

Use proper filters to absorb dust or

suspended particles effectively. Use

electrostatic filters if required.

Don’t store chemicals on open ground or grass,

near a creek or storm drain entrance, where

they could contaminate the environment.

40

Keep Hygroscopic chemicals in a

dry environment.

Do not inter-change the bottle caps. Put the

same cap back on the bottle making sure that it

is tight.

41

Keep emergency equipment such

as fire extinguishers, safety shower,

and first aid box handy and in good

working condition.

Check the condition of Fire

extinguishers , safety& eyewash

shower and first aid box regularly

Do not put used absorbent into drains or on the

ground.

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once in a month.

42

Follow SOP’s (Standard Operating

Procedure) for proper use, storage

and disposal.

Do not mix unknown chemicals without the

supervision of a qualified chemist or safety

professional.

43

Check all electrical & other

equipments before starting any

operations.

Do not carry out maintenance on equipments

without proper permit.

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CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1. Introduction

Growth in the industrial sector creates new opportunities for employment and can also help

diversify the economy. This is especially important given the high level of urbanization, and

growing levels of unemployment and poverty in many cities. Unemployment is particularly high

and an important factor in continued levels of low human well-being and slow growth.

Synergistic growth in the chemical industries could have positive spin-offs for the socio-

economic development. The use of chemical further leads to development in field of research

and development. This chapter describes about benefits of the project on improvements in the

physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, Employment potential in the region.

8.2. Improvement in the Social Infrastructure

From the very initial stage of the inception of the project, infrastructure development in and

around the project site has kept in consideration. Infrastructure development will be done based

on actual requirement socio-economic development of the region. The infrastructure

development will be rolled out as part of company’s CSR activity.

8.3. CSR Activities

M/s. Vinayak industries has plans to institutionalize the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

activities so that the CSR transforms itself into personal Social Responsibility for the personnel

manning the factory.

There will be more employment generated due to the proposed project both during the

construction phase and operation phase. On the basis of technical knowledge acquired

by the local village youths, they will be providing with suitable employment opportunity in

the company.

The labour force required during construction and operation phase shall be sourced from

nearby village.

Special Health awareness camp and medical camps for primary check up will be

arranged at least once in a year in nearby villages for health check-ups.

Funds will be provided to arrange extracurricular activities for nearby schools and

colleges.

Free medical checkup for villagers.

Tree Plantation in rural areas.

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Free education material for school girl of nearby villages.

Provision of sanitation (toilets) facility.

Partnering with various NGOs to train underprivileged women housewives in hospitality,

self-grooming, house-keeping and laundry.

Budgetary Cost

Initially CSR budget commitment will be approximately 2 % of company’s annual profit.

8.4. Economic Development

This project will increase the economic activities around the area, creating avenues for

direct/indirect employment during operation phase of the project. There would be a

wider economic impact in terms of generating opportunities for other business like

workshops, marketing, repair and maintenance tasks etc.

This project will enhance India’s potential of supplying Different types of Textile

Auxiliaries to leading to step-up of India’s position in global market sector and

strengthening of Indian economy.

The continuous inflow of people will require local transport systems like autos, taxis etc

which would help economic boost.

8.5. Employment Potential

During construction phase of the project, this project will provide temporary employment

to many unskilled and semi-skilled labors in nearby villages. This project will also help in

generation of indirect employment to those people who render their services for the

personnel directly working in the project.

The Project will create direct & indirect employment opportunities within the surrounding

region. The Unit will use good faith efforts to employ local people from the nearby

villages depending upon the availability of skilled & un-skilled manpower surrounding the

project site. In operation phase, the proposed project would require significant workforce

of non-technical and technical persons. Migration of highly education and skilled

experience will result in increase of literacy in the surrounding villages.

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CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

9.1. Prelude

Environmental Management is basically resource management and environmental planning is

similar to development planning. The conventional resource management and development

planning look at the issues from narrow micro-economical point of view while environmental

management views the issues from the broader prospective of long term sustainable

development option, which ensures that the environment is not desecrated. An Environmental

Management Plan is prepared for construction phase, post construction phase (commissioning

and operation) and for post project phase. The environmental management plan is prepared to

minimize the impact of atmospheric emissions, liquid effluents, solid wastes & noise generation

on the surrounding environment.

The baseline settings of different relevant environmental components in the study area are

analyzed and potential impacts on those components due to the proposed project are

documented. The impacts on environment are found to be minimal during the study; however

additional measures are documented for operation phase for further improvement of

Environmental Quality in the form of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

Environment, Health and Safety (EHS)

It is of utmost concern for a company to conduct its business in a manner that will

promote the protection of the occupational Health & Safety; Welfare of its employees

and others involved in or affected by its business operations and address the

environmental concerns regarding sustainable development.

To be a responsive and responsible corporate citizen, we shall strive to achieve an

organizational culture of Safety, Health and Environmental excellence.

As an integral part of the company’s business performance, the company shall declare

full commitment to achieve high levels of performance in Health, Safety and

Environment.

Continual improvements in Safety, Health and Environment shall be recognized as

essential for the future success of the company.

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9.2. Environmental Management Cell

The organization should create an Environmental Management Cell. The organization

structure and the persons involved in the EMP cell are as given below:

Sr. No. Designation Proposed responsibility

1. CEO of

organization

Environmental policy and directions

Provide resources for the environmental performance improvement

programs.

To review periodically the status of Environmental improvement

schemes and status of legal compliance.

He is responsible for improvement of safety and work culture .

2. EHS Officer

Ensure environmental monitoring as per appropriate procedures

Ensure correct records of generation, handling, storage,

transportation and disposal of solid hazardous wastes.

Ensuring legal compliance by properly undertaking activities as laid

down by various regulatory agencies from time to time and

interacting with the same.

arranging awareness program among the workers.

CEO(Managing Director)

EHS (Safety) Officer Plant (production)

Manager

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Sr. No. Designation Proposed responsibility

Maintain legal register.

Ensure proper training of the staff in EHS.

3. Plant Manager Overall in-charge of operation of environmental management

facilities of respective sections.

4. Plant

supervisor

Ensure that all operation of the environmental management

facilities as per plant manager’s instruction and send weakly/

monthly report to the plant manager.

9.3. The Environmental Management Plan

An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to mitigate and manage various

environmental impacts identified. The EMP presents the project specific guidelines on:

Environmental management strategies

Specialized engineering construction procedures in relation to environmental guidelines

of the country

Spill prevention and control

Management of wastes and hazardous chemicals

Air, water and soil quality protection

Noise control

Soil erosion control and slope stabilization

Vegetation, wildlife and habitat protection

Socio-economic and welfare considerations

Risk and disaster management plan

To prepare a checklist for statutory compliance

Due to its complexity and implications, the implementation of the EMP must be executed

utilizing a specific EMS framework. Once an EMP has been approved, it should provide the

basis for environmental considerations of all the activities carried out on the site by the

appointed personnel.

With respect to the various environmental impacts identified during the EIA stage, mitigation

measures to prevent or minimize the impacts are suggested for all the environmental

components.

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The environmental management plan for the proposed project aims to mitigate the potentially

detrimental impacts on the environment, both during construction and operation phases of the

project. It is also necessary that continued compliance with existing environmental regulations is

ensured. The construction and associated activities have been planned so as to minimize

impacts on the physical, biological and socio-economic-cultural environments. Even though it

would be naive to expect that all detrimental impacts can be avoided, it is apparent that most of

the impacts will be localized and temporary in nature.

9.4. Objectives of Environmental Management Plan

While developing an EMP within the framework of an EMS, it is imperative to have clear

environmental objectives and delineate them. The key environmental management objectives

for this project are to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts and to ensure that where

impacts do occur they are mitigated. In addition, the project proponent aims to meet the

following specific objectives:

To adopt construction and operational methods that will limit environmental degradation.

To protect physical environmental components such as air, water and soil.

To improve workplace conditions for employees by reducing every kind of pollution and

improving workplace environment/atmosphere.

To make budgetary provision and allocation of funds for environment management

system and to timely revision of budgetary provisions.

To implement & ensure effective implementation of research and development program

for the innovative technologies for better environment, resource conservation/

recovery/recycling/reuse.

To eliminate/reduce the possibility of potential hazard due to operations.

To generate employment opportunities wherever possible and feasible.

To provide advanced sophisticated safety system to ensure safety of the public at large.

To establish a long term program to monitor effects of the project on the environment.

The proposed project would create impacts on the environment in two distinct phases:

Phase 1: During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short term.

Phase 2: During the operation phase which will have minimal impact.

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9.5. EMP for Construction Phase

The overall impact of the pollution on the environment during construction phase is localized in

nature and is for a short period. In order to develop effective mitigation plan, it is important to

conceive the specific activities during construction phase causing environmental impact. The

various activities during construction phase have been identified and listed in Chapter 4 along

with their impacts. The following subsections describe the mitigation measures planned to be

adopted for controlling the impact/disturbance of the environment during construction phase.

9.5.1. Basic Engineering Control Measures

The primary aim of the environmental management plan is to eliminate environmental impacts

during designing wherever possible or minimize the risks through best engineering controls. The

measures that can be integrated into design, construction and operation for proposed project

can be broadly defined as:

Reducing possibility of leakage or spillover that may result in losses.

Developing effective response plans to control any losses and to prevent losses

resulting from any damage.

Incorporate engineer slope to minimize erosion and disturbance to natural drainage

pattern.

9.5.2. Management of Air Environment

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has set standards with regard to the ambient air

quality levels and emission levels. The particulate matter, PM10 (size ≤10 µm) levels in

Industrial, residential and rural area not to exceed 100 µg/m3. The vehicular emission standards

for Heavy diesel driven vehicles as per Bharat stage-III for Hydrocarbons: 1.6 g/km hr; Carbon

Monoxide: 2.1 g/km hr and Oxides of Nitrogen: 5 g/km hr and PM: 0.1 g/Km hr. These

standards will be met. (Source: http://www.cpcb.nic.in/Vehicular_Exhaust.php).

Environmental pollution during construction phase will be mainly due to the construction

activities of new plant buildings, machinery installation for manufacturing of Different types of

Textile auxiliaries.

One or more of the following measures may be implemented to minimize impacts on air quality

during construction and operation of the project.

Face masks should be provided to prevent inhalations of dust particle.

It will be ensured that all the vehicles deployed for the project possess Pollution under

Control (PUC) Certificate.

http://www.cpcb.nic.in/Vehicular_Exhaust.php

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All vehicles will be properly maintained to minimize emissions of contaminants, for this

necessary measure will be taken.

A schedule for the operation of vehicles will be established to minimize to the extent

practicable, the time of operation of emission sources.

Construction work will not be carried out during storm conditions.

Water should be sprayed by high pressure water hoses during dust generating

construction activities e.g. crushing/demolishing, concrete mixing, material handling etc.

to suppress dust.

Wetting (sweeping or sprinkling) will be used, wherever practicable, to minimize dust

dispersion.

As far as possible unleaded and low sulphur petrol will be used for petrol driven vehicles.

Approach road side plantation will further act as sink to gaseous emission.

9.5.3. Management of Water Environment

Construction equipment requiring minimum water for cooling and operation for optimum

effectiveness will be chosen.

Steam curing of concrete will be done wherever possible.

High pressure hose will be used for cleaning and dust suppression purpose.

Drip and sprinkler system will be provided for spraying water in green belt.

a. Surface water quality

Rainy season will be avoided for cutting and filling of earth work.

Soil binding and fast growing plants should be grown around the construction site before

commencement of construction activity to reduce soil erosion.

Proper housekeeping should be adopted to prevent spillages and contaminated surface

runoff going to storm water drains.

Adopting prudent soil erosion control measures to prevent water pollution.

b. Ground water quality

No discharge of construction wastes to ground water bodies will be allowed during

construction.

Water logging will be avoided by providing drainage system.

9.5.3.1 Management of Noise Environment

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has set standards for ambient noise levels in

various activity zones. For industrial areas the daytime noise levels are not to exceed 75 dB (A)

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and the night time levels 70 dB(A). In case of residential areas, the day and night standards are

55 dB(A) and 45 dB(A) respectively. Suitable conditions will be incorporated in the construction

contract agreement, to ensure compliance of these standards.

The following measures may be adopted to minimize the impact of noise during construction

phase of the project:

Construction equipment generating minimum noise and vibration will be chosen.

Ear plugs and/muffs will be provided to construction workers working near the noise

generating activities / machines / equipment.

Vehicles and construction equipment with internal combustion engines without proper

silencer will not be allowed to operate.

Construction equipment meeting the norms specified by Environmental Protection Act,

1986 will only be used.

Noise control equipment and baffling will be employed on generators especially when

they are operated near the residential and sensitive areas.

Noise levels will be reduced by the use of adequate mufflers on all motorized equipment.

9.5.4. Management of Soil / Land Environment

Following measures will be taken to minimize impact on land environment and improve soil

conditions:

Precautions will be taken to minimize damage to native plants (if any) on the periphery of

construction area.

The natural gradient of the area will be maintained after reinstatement to avoid water

logging.

The construction debris as well as debris from demolition work will be utilized within the

site for levelling purpose and base course preparation of internal roads.

The materials like steel and other recyclable material shall be segregated and reused or

sold to authorized vendors for reuse.

Existing topsoil which is removed during construction should be stockpiled temporarily for

replacement whenever required.

Topsoil and sub-soil will be segregated during trenching and stockpiled separately.

Topsoil will be removed to its actual depth or to a maximum of 30 cm as determined by

HSE representative for the spread.

Topsoil will be stored on the non-traffic side of the trench.

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9.5.5. Management of Solid Waste

Construction activities can lead to solid waste generation including sand, gravel, stone, plastic,

paper, wood, metal, glass, waste concrete, excavated soil, broken bricks, waste plaster, metallic

scrap etc. Solid waste from domestic use like papers, card boards, cans, bottles, food waste etc

will be generated from the site labourers. This will be segregated into biodegradable and non-

biodegradable shall be handed over to authorized vendor. No trash or debris from construction

activities should be left at project site after construction is completed.

9.5.6. Management of Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment

To minimize adverse impacts arising out due to the project activity, important measures are

suggested in the EMP. Proper implementation of EMP would mitigate adverse impacts in the

region. Prior information about the project should be given to locals in study area.

Caution should be exercised to avoid disturbance to existing infrastructure.

An emergency plan should be prepared in advance, to deal with fire fighting.

The authority should make an assessment of the safe, legal load limits of all the bridges,

streets that may be traversed heavy equipment.

Excess excavated material should be removed from the project site as soon as possible

after the completion of excavation operations. This material should be used for levelling

and landscaping.

Construction workers

Local people will be employed for construction work to the maximum extent possible.

Proper facility for domestic water supply, sanitation and other essential services will be

made available to the construction workers.

The facilities should be maintained in a clean, odour free condition and care should be

taken to avoid soil and groundwater contamination.

Face masks, gloves and other personal protective equipments shall be provided to

workers to prevent health hazard during construction activities.

9.5.7. Traffic Control

The authority will make an assessment of the safe, legal load limits of all the bridges,

streets that may be traversed by heavy equipment.

Traffic congestion and road hazards should be prevented.

Deliveries of materials to the project site should be consolidated whenever feasible to

minimize the flow of traffic.

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Existing network of roads will be used for transporting equipment and construction

material.

There will be no diversion of traffic in both the phases of construction and operation.

Truck traffic

Will be staggered all through the day and during non-peak hours.

Materials will be received during non-peak hours.

Water will be sprinkled during transportation.

Adequate wide entry and exit gate will be provided.

Security personnel will manage traffic on shift basis at entry/exit point.

Sufficient space for movements of vehicles will be provided.

9.6. Completion of construction activity- Restoration

Before the activity is considered as complete by the authority, appropriate measures should be

taken to restore the project site and surrounding areas to that of pre-construction condition.

Temporary structures, equipment, surplus material and refuse should be removed from the

project site at the earliest. Land will be restored as discussed below:

To be restore as good as pre-construction condition.

Provision of proper drainage pattern.

Construction debris and other wastes should be cleared from the site.

Fences and other facilities will be repaired during this stage.

9.7. EMP For Operational Phase

Routine operational activities of the project would be associated with the following potentially

significant environmental impacts. These activities associated with the impacts as listed

hereunder:

Routine activities:

Domestic waste water disposal

Transport of men and material

Storage of raw material

Manufacturing process and flue gas stacks emission

Fire / Explosion

The operational phase activities due to proposed project have the potential to cause long-term

environmental impacts. Cumulative impacts due to the air and noise pollution are predicted

using simulation models as discussed in chapter 4.

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Several control measures have been incorporated to minimize the generation of wastes and

subsequent environmental impacts during the operational phase. Strict adherence to these

pollution prevention and control measures will moderate the environmental impacts to the

minimum possible level during operational phase. In general, the environmental management

plan during operational phase of the plant will be directed to the following:

It will be ensured that all the pollution control / environment management systems are

commissioned before the commencement of operation of the project.

Wherever possible, the control systems will be interlinked with the operational units, so

that failure of the control system will shut down the respective operational unit.

Regular performance evaluation of the control systems will be undertaken to ensure their

optimum performance.

Preventive maintenance schedule of the control systems will be matching with that of the

respective operational unit.

Regular monitoring for various components of environment will be undertaken to ensure

effective functioning of pollution control measures as well as to safe guard against any

unforeseen changes in environment.

Efforts will be made to ensure the maximum utilization of wastes generated.

During the operational phase, there will not be any significant impacts on various

environmental components. Hence, the following Management Plan is recommended to

mitigate adverse impacts during operation phase:

9.7.1. Management of Air Environment

Emission at M/s. Vinayak Industries is in the form of the particulate matters and flue gases from

stack attached to Boiler & DG set.

A) To control gaseous emissions following measures are recommended:

Regular monitoring of stacks and vent will be carried out to check the emissions. In case

emission exceeds, the corrective measures shall immediately be taken and records of the

same will be maintained.

Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out within premises and nearby

area for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx etc.

Emergency process Shut-down existence in case of any pollution control system

deviation.

B) To control fugitive emissions following measures are recommended:

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Controlled emissions and provision of PPEs for the workers.

Provision of mechanical seal in pumps.

Regular inspection of tank roof seals.

Adequate measures for the minimization/prevention of the fugitive emission.

Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to prevent leakage.

Entire process is carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of pressure

and temperature.

Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive emission.

The unit will also provide adequate stack monitoring facilities for the periodic

monitoring of the stack to verify the compliance of the stipulated norms.

Adequate stack heights as per the CPCB estimation will be provides at all locations to

reduce GLCs of pollutants.

Greenbelt development shall be implemented to mitigate impacts from fugitive

emissions. About 33 % of the total area of project area will be developed for greenbelt.

The air quality surveillance program will be undertaken for proposed and the program

may be strengthened properly keeping in view the combined maximum impacts from

post-project activities particularly in critical downwind directions. Moreover, in view of the

industrialization in the region, the possibility of an integrated ambient air quality-

monitoring program together with surrounding industries may be explored in consultation

with GPCB.

Air Pollution Control System will be installed in the plant.

9.7.2. Management of Noise Environment

To minimize the noise pollution the unit proposes the following noise control measures:

Manufacturers / suppliers of major noise generating machines / equipments like air

compressors, feeder pumps, etc. shall be instructed to make required design

modifications wherever possible before supply and installation to mitigate the noise

generation and to comply with the national / international regulatory norms with respect

to noise generation.

Periodic maintenance of machinery and vehicles should be undertaken to reduce the

noise impact.

Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and / or protective measures

should be provided (wherever noise level is more than 75 dB (A)).

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Employees should be provided with Personal Protective Equipments like earplugs or

earmuffs, wherever required.

Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the

machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.

The selection of any new plant equipment will be made with specification of low noise

levels.

Areas with high noise levels will be identified and will include prominently displayed

caution boards.

The green belt area will be developed within industrial premises and around the

periphery to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area.

Noise monitoring shall be carried out to check the efficacy of maintenance schedules

undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures.

Good quality digital sound level meter will be in place to monitor noise level.

The sources of intermittent noise generating equipment (water pumping equipment, DG

set, compressor etc.) will be provided with appropriate acoustic barriers so that the noise

level within 1 m of these facilities when in operation will be less than 75 dB(A).

Implementation of greenbelt development / landscaping etc. will reduce noise impacts

within the project premises to a great extent.

It is recommend to measure and maintain records of noise level at various places within

and outside factory premises.

9.7.3. Management of Water Environment

The source of water for the project shall meet through outsourcing supply. Total water

requirement for the proposed project will be 16.24 KLD. The total waste water generation (2.0

KLD) from Industrial activity will be collected and recycled in the process. 1KLD domestic

wastewater shall be disposed through septic tank.

Ground water will not be extracted for this project. So there will be no contamination.

Additionally storm water management will be installed for recharging of ground water.

The mitigation measures for minimizing the impacts on water environment in general includes

following:

Optimum utilization of water resource.

Minimize waste generation.

Reuse/recycle and disposal.

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Use of high-pressure hoses for cleaning the floor to reduce the amount of wastewater

generated.

Reducing the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in operation of

processing units.

Unit proposed to recharge ground water during the monsoon to balance the water table

to make a recharge sump in own premises.

Advance controls and instrumentation for operations and control and leak detection

techniques shall be implemented for this project.

The domestic sewage will be disposed in soak-pits and septic tanks.

9.7.4. Management of Land Environment

The management plan for this component of environment lays emphasis on development of

greenbelt comprising of appropriately selected species of shrubs and trees. It is recommended

that plantation be made on sites, road sides and on barren land. Such a development of

greenbelt and plantation of shrubs and trees will not only significantly reduce or mitigate

adverse impacts due to aerosols and gaseous pollutants, noise, odour and nuisance etc, but

also, serve as shelter belts for avifauna, stabilize and improve soil permeability and aesthetic

environment.

9.7.5. Management of Solid Waste

Waste is an unavoidable byproduct of human activity. Economic development, rapid

urbanization & improved living standards have led to the increase in quantity & complexity of the

waste generated. Proper disposal of waste is essential for preservation and improvement of

public health.

Solid waste management is one of the most essential services for maintaining the quality of life

in the plant and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation. Solid waste generated in

the plant area can be handled under two main categories, namely domestic wastes and

industrial wastes. Effective measures will be taken to effectively implement the solid waste

management systems in the plant. Solid waste will be handed over to authorized vendor for

disposal.

The Hazardous waste like Discarded Containers, Domestic, Bags with liner and Ash will be

handled as per Hazardous and other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement)

Rules, 2016. Discarded Containers and Bags will be sold to registered recycler.

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The Waste Management plan includes:

Waste Inventory

Classification of waste

Packaging, Storing and Transporting Wastes to Disposal site

Data Management and Reporting - Personnel Training

Waste Minimization

Waste Management:

1. Solid Waste

The solid waste shall be segregated as bio-degradable and non-biodegradable.

The organic waste will be segregated and handed over to outside agency for disposal.

The non-biodegradable (inorganic) waste shall be handed over to authorized recycler for

further handling and disposal.

Reuse of paper and plastic waste.

Planned system for waste collection, segregation and disposal.

2. Hazardous waste

Hazardous waste will be stored in proper storage room and handed over to authorized

vendor for final disposal.

The collection, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste will be as per Hazardous and

other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, and hence no

adverse impact on land environment is envisaged.

Necessary PPE’s shall be provided to workers while handling of hazardous waste.

9.7.6. Management of Hazardous Raw materials

The Hazardous raw materials will be handled with every care and precautions. SOP will be

followed for handling the chemicals. The list of raw materials and storage is given in chapter-2.

9.7.7. Management of Biological Environment

No trash/non-biodegradable materials should be dumped outside the project site.

Domestic wastewater (sewage) will be disposed off into septic tank & soak pit. No

contaminated water will be allowed to enter the surrounding environment or surface

water body.

Green belt will be developed all along the boundary of the installation by choosing fast

growing and resistant varieties suitable to the soil conditions in the site (native plants)

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and special care will be taken to maintain it.

Survival rate of the planted trees will be closely monitored in the green belt and the trees

which could not survive should be counted.

There will be a waste management plan developed for categorization and handling of

wastes.

9.7.8. Management of Socio-economic factors

In order to mitigate the impacts likely to arise out of the proposed project and also to

maintain good will of local people for the proposed project, it is necessary to take steps

for improving the social environment. Necessary social welfare measures by the industry

will be useful in gaining public confidence depending on local requirement.

Formal and informal training to be provided to the employees of the effected villages due

to the project will be taken up on priority basis. Job oriented skill training, courses may

be organized.

Personal protective facilities like helmets, safety (gas) mask / safety dress, shoes etc.

are ensured for all workers, engaged in operation.

9.7.9. Management of Traffic

Two gates, one for entry and the other for exit, will be provided with 6 m wide approach

roads.

Traffic Signals will be exhibited at all appropriate locations.

Convex mirror placed along all critical points for visibility.

Adequate Ramp Feeds will be provided.

Flow of traffic is eased out by providing adequate entries and exits space.

Zebra crossings shall be provided on the existing road for pedestrian access.

Entry and exit will be managed by security personnel who will also regulate traffic.

Thus the traffic management will be easily and smoothly monitored without any

hindrances to the regular flow of traffic on the main road.

9.8. Additional Mitigation Measures

In addition to the above suggested measures for management of air, water, soil, traffic etc

following additional measures shall be provided.

9.8.1. Cleaner production strategies:

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1. Good Housekeeping:

We shall take appropriate managerial and operational actions:

Spill and leak detection and prevention programs

Training employees in proper material storage and handling procedures

Dedicated equipment for large volume products

Use spill and drip trays to recover losses from manual material transfer

operations

2. Input Substitution:

Use biodegradable detergents and cleaners

Use higher purity materials

Substitute input materials by renewable materials

By using adjunct materials which have a longer service lifetime in production.

Using Energy efficiently to reduce the environmental impact from energy use by

improved energy efficiency.

3. Better Process control:

Process record keeping in order to run the processes more efficiently and at

lower waste and emission generation rates.

4. On-site recovery & reuse:

Reuse of the wasted materials in the same process for another useful application

within the company

Wastewater from industrial processes will be recycled in the next batch

5. Product modification:

Environmentally preferred packaging (e.g. less or reusable packaging, recyclable

materials)

9.8.2. Water Conservation

Minimizing Water Consumption

Combination of water saving appliances and water management measures will be planned in

the plant. The message of water conservation will be spread to all occupiers on site by way of

awareness campaigns and circulars. Specific measures that will be implemented include the

following:

Management Measures

Reduce toilet cistern volume in single flush models.

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Promote awareness on water conservation and reducing water wastage.

Quick fixing of leaking taps, pipes and toilet cisterns.

Sweep with a broom and pan where possible, rather than hose down external areas.

Water Saving Investments

Reduce water delivery in taps and showers, through the installation of low flow devices

or aerators on showerheads.

Spring-loaded taps.

Installation of sub-meters on key areas of water use-monitoring is a precursor for

management.

Water Efficient Plumbing Fixtures.

9.8.3. Energy Conservation

Energy conservation measures are often the easiest, quickest and cheapest way to reduce

costs and be environmentally pro-active. Energy conservation will be one of the focuses during

planning and operation stages. The conservation efforts would consist of the following:

Architectural design

Public areas will be cooled by natural ventilation as opposed to air-conditioning.

Maximize the use of natural lighting through design.

Energy Saving Practices

Purchase of energy efficient appliances.

Constant monitoring of energy consumption and defining targets for energy

conservation.

Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum energy used for desired

comfort levels.

Proper temperature controls will be provided to reduce load on heating systems.

Proper load factor will be maintained by the company.

Company will adopt good maintenance practices and will maintain good housekeeping

which will help in better illumination levels with least number of fixtures.

On most of roofs transparent acrylic sheets will be provided to use day light and to stop

use of lights during day time.

CFL/LED lamps will be provided, wherever applicable.

To the extent possible and technically feasible, energy efficient equipment will be

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selected.

Gravity flow will be preferred wherever possible to save pumping energy.

Recycling of water will done.

Behavioral change on consumption

Awareness on energy conservation.

Training to staffs on methods of energy conservation.

Solar Architectural Features

The proposed project will provide enough day light factors in the building to permit

maximum day light to interior to minimize overall energy consumption.

These features will also minimize the impact of climate both in summer and in winter and

as a result, the use of electricity will likely to be reduced.

Thermal Characteristics of Building Envelope

Focusing on the high performance energy efficient U & R values can bring down the

building energy consumption i.e. the operational cost for the any commercial buildings.

To evaluate the energy performance the heat transfer coefficient (U-value) and

Resistance (R) factors are to be considered for the building.

9.8.4. Storm Water Management

Surface drainage has designed based on the maximum rainfall intensity prevalent in the area.

All the building has been provided with a plinth protection all round, sloped towards the side

drain. The storm water collection system has designed in such a manner so that clean storm

water from garden, parking areas, roadways and lawns.

9.8.5. Green Belt Development

An ideal green belt always imparts scenic beauty besides providing roosting/perching place for

birds and ground surface for naturally available reptiles, other flora and fauna species, to make

the area more natural and hazard free.

Most of the existing trees will be retained at site so as to minimize adverse impact on flora and

fauna. It is proposed to plant local fast growing species for landscaping. Development of green

belt with carefully selected native plant species is of prime importance due to their capacity to

reduce noise and air pollution impacts by attenuation / assimilation and for providing food and

habitat for local macro and micro fauna. This not only overcomes the problem but also

enhances the beauty of area that will attract bird and insect species and by this way ecology of

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the area will maintain to a great extent. For developing the greenbelt in and around proposed

project sites care need to be taken to plant the evergreen species. The planting of evergreen

species may have certain advantages that may reduce the environmental pollution.

Preparation of Greenbelt Plan

The proposed greenbelt development will be of a suitable width along the periphery of project

site area including unit complex, space between the units located within the project, along the

roads, storage areas, loading / unloading areas of products etc.

Greenbelt Area Details

Within project site

Green belt will be developed in 2100 sq. meter area of the total plot area. Samplings will be

planted on the periphery of the boundary of the plot.

Criteria for Selection of Species for Greenbelt

The plant species suitable for green belt development should be selected based on the

following characteristics:

It will have thick canopy cover,

They will be perennial and evergreen,

They will have high sink potential for pollutants,

They will be efficient in absorbing pollutants if any without significantly affecting their

growth.

Guidelines for Plantation

The plant species identified for greenbelt development should be planted using pitting

technique. The pit size should be either 45 cm × 45 cm × 45 cm or 60 cm × 60 cm × 60 cm.

Bigger pit size is prepared on marginal and poor quality soil. Soil used for filling the pit should be

mixed with well decomposed farm yard manure for 45cm × 45 cm × 45 cm and 60 cm × 60 cm ×

60 cm size pits respectively. The filling of soil should be completed at least 5-10 days before

actual plantation. Healthy sapling of identified species should be planted in each pit.

Table 9.1 Details of proposed trees in the tree plantation area

S. No. Botanical Name Common Name Type

1. Acacia nilotica Babul Tree

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S. No. Botanical Name Common Name Type

2. Aegle marmelos Bel Tree

3. Albizia lebbeck Siris Tree

4. Anona squamosa Sitaphal Small tree

5. Anona reticulate Ramphal Tree

6. Anthocephalus chinesis Kadam Tree

7. Artocarpus heterophyllus Katahal Tree

8. Azadirachta indica Neem Tree

9. Bridelia squamosa Khaja Tree

11. Dalbergia sisoo Sisam Tree

12. Delonix regia Gulmohar Tree

13. Derris indica Karanja Tree

14. Diospyros melanoxylon Tendu Tree

15. Emblica officinalis Amla Tree

16. Eucalyptus citriodora Safeda Tree

17. Eucalyptus hybrid Mysore gum Tree

18. Ficus benghalensis Barh Tree

19. Ficus benjamina Pukar Tree

20. Ficus glomerata Goolar Tree

21. Ficus riligiosa Pipal Tree

22. Ficus virens Pilkhan Tree

23. Guazma ulmifolia Rudrakshi Tree

24. Madhuca longifoli Mahwa Tree

25. Mimusops elengi Maulsari Tree

26. Polyalthia longifolia Ashok Tree

27. Spathodea campanulata Rugtoora Tree

28. Syzygium cumini Jamun Tree

29. Tamarindus indica Imli Tree

30. Tectona grandis Swagon Tree

31. Terminali catappa Jangli badam Tree

32. Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Tree

Roadside Plantation

Roadside plantation plays a very important role for greening the area, increasing the shady

area, increasing aesthetic value and for eco-development of the area. The approach roads to

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project site will be planted with flowering trees.

The trees should be tall in peripheral curtain plantation and with large and spreading canopy in

primary and secondary attenuation zone. It is also recommended to plant few trees, which are

sensitive to air pollution as air pollution indicator.

Green belt Development in premises

Unit has proposed to develop around 2100 Sq.m greenbelt area within plant premises (33.50%

of the total area) as per CPCB norms. It is proposed to plant local, fast growing species with

adequate spacing and density for their fast growth and survival for landscaping.

Table 9.2 Budget allocation for 5 years in greenbelt development

Sr.

No. Year

No. of Trees Budget

(In Lakhs) Survival Inside

Premises

Outside

Premises

1. 2018-19 80 30 0.75 70 – 75%

2. 2019-20 80 35 0.85 70 – 75%

3. 2020-21 80 35 0.85 70 – 75%

4. 2021-22 100 40 1.10 70 – 75%

5. 2022-2023 100 50 1.20 70 – 75%

9.8.6. Odour Management Plan

Odour Problem and Sources of Emissions

Causes of odour can be bad sanitation, bacterial growth in the interconnecting pipes &

unattended drains etc.

Remedial Measures

Better management to avoid staling.

Use of sanitation biocides to minimize the growth of aerobic/anaerobic micro–organisms.

Steaming of major pipe lines.

Proper cleaning of drains.

Regular use of bleaching powder in the drains to avoid growth of sulphur decomposing

micro-organisms to control H2S generation.

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Following Additional methods can also be used to reduce odour nuisance:

Green belt development in the buffer zone may help at least partially to

mitigate/obfuscate the odour.

Ensuring that the operation is carried out under the best management practices.

If still the odour persists then the nozzles, sprayers and atomizers that spray ultra-fine

particles of water or chemicals can be used along the boundary lines of area sources to

suppress odour.

9.8.7. Safety measures to prevent the Occupational Health Hazards

Pollution Control system will be installed.

Proper storage tanks will be designed.

Electrical equipments will be properly earthed & lock out/tag out, electrical isolation

method shall be developed & displayed at required locations.

Proper training shall be given to all the employees at regular time period to bring

awareness among the employees.

9.9. Summary of Environment Management Plan and Actions

A summary of the recommended measures or actions proposed with respect to the various

envisaged impacts as a part of Environment Management Plan is given below table:

Table 9.3 Summary of Environmental Management Plan

S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

1. Water Water

contamination

Construction

Phase:

Domestic waste

water from

workers

Disposed through

septic tank & soak

pit.

No adverse

impact

Surface runoff

from site.

Silt traps and

diversion ditches will

be constructed to

control surface run

No adverse

impact

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

off.

Operation

phase:

Discharge of

domestic

wastewater

Disposed through

septic tank & soak

pit.

No adverse

impact

Surface runoff

from site

Storm Water

Management will be

provided to prevent

runoff and water

logging.

Positive

impact

Generation of

industrial waste

water

The total waste

water generation (2

KLD) from Industrial

activity will be

recycled in the

process.

No adverse

impact

2. Air Quality Dust

Emission

Construction

Phase:

Construction

activities

Dust mask will be

provided to prevent

worker exposure of

dust.

Sprinkling of water

will be done for dust

suppression.

Temporary

& minor

impact

Particulate &

gaseous

emissions i.e.

PM10 & PM2.5,

SO2, NOx

Construction

equipments and

vehicular

movement.

Periodic

maintenance of

construction

equipments will be

done.

Heavy vehicle

Temporary

&

insignificant

impact

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

must be checked for

PUC certificate.

Emission

from DG sets

(PM, SO2,

NOx)

Operation of DG

set

Providing

adequate stack

height for mixing of

emissions.

Port hole will be

provided.

Maintenance of

DG set periodically.

No

significant

impact

Particulate &

gaseous

emissions of

SPM, SO2,

NOx

Operation

Phase:

DG Set

Applicable height

of stack will be

maintained. Periodic

maintenance of DG

set & monitoring will

be carried out.

No

significant

impact

Boiler Cyclone Separator

No

significant

impact

Emissions from

vehicular traffic.

Adequate wide

approach road is

proposed for smooth

vehicular movement.

Approach road side

plantation will further

act as sink to

gaseous emission.

No

significant

impact

3. Noise Increase in

noise level

Construction

Phase:

Use of well-

maintained

No

significant

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

Operation of

construction

equipments and

vehicular

movement.

equipment fitted with

silencers.

impact.

Providing noise

shields near the

heavy construction

operations.

Noisy operations

will be limited to day

time only.

Ear plug and

muffs will be

provided to workers.

Operation

Phase:

Vehicles

movement

Wide road and

ample parking space

will be provided.

Vehicles with inbuilt

silencer shall be

allowed in the site.

No

significant

impact

D.G. sets

operations

Generators with

inbuilt mufflers shall

be provided.

Ear plugs shall be

provided to

operators of DG set.

Periodic

maintenance &

monitoring of DG set

for noise level.

No impact.

4. Land Land

contamination

by

Construction

Phase:

Disposal of

Construction debris

will be collected and

used for leveling the

No

significant

impact.

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

construction

debris and

solid waste

construction

debris & solid

waste.

site.

Solid waste from

labours use will be

collected in

collection bins and

disposed off to

approve sites by

GPCB.

Excavated soil Top soil will be

used for landscaping

No

significant

impact.

Metallic waste Metallic waste

shall be sold to

vendors for

reprocessing

No

significant

Impact.

Operation

Phase:

Municipal solid

waste like

rubbish, paper,

plastic garbage

etc. Other non

hazardous waste

like ash will be

generated.

Efficient solid

waste collection

and storage

facility is

proposed.

Solid waste will

be generated

and shall be

handed over to

authorized

vendor.

Ash will be sold to

brick

manufacturers.

No

significant

impact

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

Hazardous waste

like Discarded

containers, bags

with liner etc.

Discarded containers

& Bags will be sold

to authorized

vendors.

No

significant

impact

5. Biodiversity

Impact on

Flora &

Fauna

Construction

Phase:

Site

Development

during

construction

activities

Proper slope will be

maintained.

Phase wise

plantation will be

done.

No impact

Operational

Phase:

Increase of

green cover

Green belt will be

developed as per

landscaping plan at

site and periphery of

the boundary.

Positive

impact

6. Traffic Pattern

Increase of

vehicular

movements

Construction

Phase:

Heavy Vehicular

movement at site

Heavy Vehicular

movement will be

restricted to daytime

only and adequate

parking facility will be

provided.

Minor

impact

Operational

Phase:

Traffic due to

commercial once

the site is

operational

Vehicular movement

will be regulated

inside the site with

adequate roads and

parking shall be

provided.

Insignificant

impact

7. Socio-

Economic

Increase in

Job

opportunities

Construction

Phase

& Operational

Socio-economic

development through

CSR activity will be

Positive

impact

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S.

N

o.

Environmental

Component

Potential

Impacts

Potential

source of

Impact

Controls though

EMP and Design

Impact

Evaluation

Phase

made

The Environmental Management Plan shall be effectively implemented so that optimum

benefit could be achieved. The Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan shall be

synchronized with the construction schedules.

9.10. Findings

From the foregoing sections it is clear that environmental considerations are foremost during

development of the project, at all the following levels:

Project sitting

Planning and design

Project construction

Post project operations

The following findings are to be mentioned:

The Project will have no significant environmental impacts during construction and

operations.

The environmental and safety aspects of the Project are straightforward and well

understood.

A detailed environmental impact study is carried out and EMP. No further studies are

required to elaborate these subjects.

The EMP also provides for establishing, and maintaining a system of environmental monitoring

and auditing to ensure strict compliance of all the measures identified in the EMP, and minimize

adverse environmental and social impacts. Suitable provisions related to environmental

management will also be made in the construction contract agreement.

9.11. Conclusions

The project can cause minor impacts only during construction phase due to the various activities

involved during that phase. However, strict adherence to the various mitigation measures as

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identified under the EMP, strengthened by adequate environmental monitoring using best

available technology (BAT) and auditing and good construction practices, including the special

construction methods as prescribed, will go a long way in effectively reducing the impacts as to

negligible levels.

During operation phase of the project, none of the routine activities will cause any noticeable

impact on any component of the environment, including the socio-economic component.

Provision of green belt, storm water management and energy conservation shall further facilitate

in overall scenario management of Environment.

Thus, it can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the mitigation

measures and Environmental Management Plan, the proposed project shall have negligible

impact on environment and will benefit the local people and economy.

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CHAPTER 10. CONCLUSION

The present report is based on the work carried out by M/s. Green Circle, Inc. baseline data

collection carried out by them only. The EIA report contains in depth study on Environmental

quality and Environmental Management Plan to mitigate the impacts including Risk Assessment

and Disaster Management Plan. The project is technically, environmentally and

socioeconomically viable and is beneficial at local level, state level and national level.

The project M/s. Vinayak Industries seems to be safety conscious and aware about impacts

industrial projects and is environment friendly.

We may conclude as under:

The project proponent will follow all the statutory norms and guidelines as per EPA, 1986

to safeguard environment.

Domestic wastewater generated from the proposed project will be disposed into septic

tank & soak pit. The generated waste water from the process and utilities will be treated in

Effluent Treatment Plant. Treated effluent will be used in the process for next batch. Zero

Liquid Discharged (ZLD) will be achieved.

Ambient Air Quality of the project site are concerned viz. SPM (PM10 & PM2.5), SO2 and

NOx, their concentrations in the ambient air at the proposed site were observed to be well

within the prescribed limits.

The operational phase noise shall be within industrial premises which will not exceed 75

dB (A).

No significant impact is seen on flora and fauna as no reserve forest and eco-sensitive

zones are present within 5 km.

The project will generate employment opportunities during construction stage and also at

operational stage. The standard of living of local people due to employment is likely to be

better, so we may say that it is positive socio-economic impact. The region will get

economic boost.

Overall the project will have positive impact for socio-economic and cultural development.

EIA REPORT


Page 212


CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE BY CONSULTANT

EIA Team Members:

The EIA team engaged in the preparation of EIA report consists of professionals with

multidisciplinary skills and experience required for undertaking this project. The EIA involved in

various stages of planning to final report preparation is given below in table:

Name Designation Key

Responsibility Area

Signature

Mr. Pradeep Joshi Group President &

CEO Team Leader

Mr. Vikash Bhagat Assistant Manager –

EIA & EE

Review and finalization of

Report

Dr. Deepika Mandal Manager – EIA & Lab Report

Preparation

Ms. Sandhya Agnihotri

Executive -Environment

Report Preparation

Ms. Disha patel Executive -

Environment Report

Preparation

Mr. Bipeen Gadhe Asst. Manager –

Risk Management

Risk Assessment Report

Preparation

Mr. Raghav Soni Assistant Manager-

EL& R

Baseline Report Preparation

Annexure - I

Land Documents

Land Ownership Document

Land NA Document

Annexure - II

TOR Letter

Annexure – III

Undertaking for Amendment in EIA

Notification, 2006

Annexure - IV

Toposheet

Annexure – V

Work area ambient air quality

monitoring as per Gujarat Factories

Rules.

Measures proposed to be taken for the work area ambient air quality

monitoring as per Gujarat Factories Rules.

Ambient air Monitoring - The ambient air monitoring will be done as per GPCB

consent once in three months or more frequently as per directives of state pollution

control Board. The ambient monitoring will be done for the following parameters

Total suspended solids – PM (Particulate Matter), PM2.5 and PM 10 will be

monitored .

Oxides of Nitrogen NOx

Oxides of sulfur Sox

Total hydrocarbons ( if required by GPCB)

Noise level – Noise level will be monitored separately for day and night.

Work place monitoring The workplace monitoring will be done as per

Gujarat factories rules once in three months and will be recorded in the

prescribed format No. 37. (form attached below)

FORM NO.37 (Prescribed under rule 12-B)

Register containing particulars of monitoring of working environment required

Under Section 7-A (a) (e)

1. Name of the Department / Plant

2. Raw materials, by-products and finished products involved in the process

3. Particulars of sampling

Sr.

No.

Location/

Operation

Mentioned

Identified

contaminant

Sampling

instrument

used

Airborne Contamination Average

Number of

samples

Range

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

TWA

Concentration

(As given in

Second

schedule

Reference

Method

Number of

Workers

at the location

being

monitored

Remarks Signature of

Person

Taking

samples

Name(in block

letters)

8 9 10 11 12 13

Annexure - VI

Details of Antidotes

Details of hazardous characteristics and toxicity of raw materials and products to be

handled and the control measures proposed to ensure safety and avoid the human

health impacts. This shall include the details of Antidotes also

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics

Mitigation and Control

Measures, Including possible

antidote.

1.

Acryl amide

This product is a white

colored odorless and toxic

Solid. The oral toxicity LD50

is 124 mg/kg (rat).

Hazardous effects on

Human:

1) This chemical is

hazardous in case of

eye contact. It can

damage the eyes.

2) It is slightly hazardous

in case of skin contact

(irritant)

3) Severe over-exposure

by ingestion can result

in death as it is toxic.

1) Eye Contact - Check for and

remove any contact lenses. In

case of contact, immediately

flush eyes with plenty of

water for at least 15 minutes.

Cold water may be used. Get

medical attention.

2) Skin Contact: In case of

contact, immediately flush

skin with plenty of water for at

least 15 minutes while

removing contaminated

clothing and shoes. Cover the

irritated skin with an

emollient. Cold water may be

used. Wash clothing before

reuse. Thoroughly clean

shoes before reuse. Get

medical attention in case of

persistent skin irritation.

3) If inhaled, remove the victim

to fresh air. If not breathing,

give artificial respiration. If

breathing is difficult, give

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

oxygen. Get medical

attention.

4) If swallowed, do not induce

vomiting unless directed to do

so by medical personnel.

Never give anything by mouth

to an unconscious person.

Loosen tight clothing such as

a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

Get medical attention

immediately.

1) Fire Hazards – It is

combustible at high

temperature with a

flashpoint of 138 °C.

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

LARGE FIRE: Use water

spray, fog or foam. Do not

use water jet.

2.

Acrylic Acid

This product is a colorless

liquid with a strong odor.

The toxicity LD50 oral is

2400 mg/kg (mouse) & LD50

Dermal is 294mg/kg

(rabbit).


Human:

1) Very hazardous in case

of skin contact

(permeator), of eye

contact (irritant,

corrosive). Corrosive to

skin and eyes on

contact.

2) Inhalation of the spray

1) Eye Contact: -Check for and

remove any contact lenses.

In case of eye contact,

immediately flush eyes with

plenty of water for at least 15

minutes. Cold water should

be used. Get medical

attention immediately.

2) In case of skin contact,

immediately flush skin with


minutes while removing

contaminated clothing

and shoes. Cold water may

be used. Apply soothing

lotions or antiseptic cream.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

mist may produce

severe irritation of

respiratory tract,

characterized by

coughing, choking, or

shortness of breath.

3) Severe over-exposure

can result in death.

4) Liquid or spray mist may

produce tissue damage

particularly on mucous

membranes of eyes,

mouth and respiratory

tract. Skin

5) Inflammation of eyes is

characterised by

redness, watering and

itching.

6) Repeated exposure of

this toxic material may

result in general

deterioration of health

due to accumulation in

one or many organs in

human.

Wash clothing before reuse.

Thoroughly clean shoes

before reuse. Get medical


3) If the vapours of the chemical

are inhaled, remove to fresh

air. If not breathing, give

artificial respiration. If


oxygen. Get medical


4) Ingestion: -Do NOT induce

vomiting unless directed to

do so by medical personnel.

Never give anything by

mouth to an unconscious

person. Loosen tight clothing

such as a collar, tie, belt or

waistband. Get medical

attention if symptoms appear.

1) Fire Hazards – It is

flammable material and

has flash point 50 °C.

And auto ignition temp.

of 438 °C. Hazardous

combustion products

during fire of this

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol

foam, water spray or fog. Cool

the vessels containing this

material with water jet in order

to prevent pressure build-up,

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

chemical are Carbon

dioxide (CO2) and

Carbon monoxide (CO).

Extremely flammable in

presence of open flames

and sparks and heat

auto ignition or explosion.

3.

Butyl Monomer

It is clear, colourless liquid

with fruity odor having oral

toxicity LD50 900 mg/kg

(Rat).


Human:

Hazardous in case of skin

contact (permeator), of eye

contact (irritant), of

ingestion, of inhalation

(lung irritant). Slightly

hazardous in case of skin

contact (irritant).

Repeated or prolonged

exposure to the substance

can produce target organs

damage

1) Eye Contact -Check for and

remove any contact lenses. In

case of contact, immediately

flush eyes with plenty of water

for at least 15 minutes. Cold

water may be used. WARM

water MUST be used. Get

medical attention.

2) In case of contact,




contaminated clothing and

shoes. Cover the irritated

skin with an emollient. Wash

clothing before reuse.

Thoroughly clean shoes

before reuse. Get medical

attention.

3) If inhaled, remove to fresh




oxygen. Get medical

attention.

4) Do NOT induce vomiting

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

.

unless directed to do so by

medical personnel. Never

give anything by mouth to an

unconscious person. If large

quantities of this material are

swallowed, call a physician

immediately. Loosen tight

clothing such as a collar, tie,

belt or waistband.

1) Fire Hazard – It is a

flammable liquid with

open cup flash points

47.77 °C. and auto

ignition temperatures of

The products of 279 to

292 °C, combustion

products are carbon

oxides (CO, CO2).

Highly flammable in


and sparks, of heat.

This is a Flammable liquid,

soluble or dispersed in water.

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam,

water spray or fog.

Cool containing vessels with

water jet in order to prevent

pressure build-up, auto ignition

or explosion.

4.

Defoamer

It is a mixture of organo

siloxanes with water.

Concentration of

organosiloxanes is 1 to 5 %.

It is a white coloured

emulsion liquid with bland

odor having oral toxicity

LD50 90 mL/kg (Rat).

Hazardous effect on

Human:

1) In case of eye contact


running water for at least 15

minutes, keeping eyelids

open. Cold water may be

used if possible.

2) In case of skin contact wash

the skin immediately with

plenty of water. Gently and

thoroughly wash the

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.


may cause eye irritation.

2) In case of skin contact it

can causes skin

irritation. May be

harmful if absorbed

through the skin.

3) In case of in ingestion it

will cause

gastrointestinal irritation

with nausea, vomiting

and diarrhea. May be

harmful if swallowed as

it is toxic.

4) In case of inhalation it

can cause respiratory

tract irritation. May be

harmful if inhaled.

contaminated skin with

running water and non-

abrasive soap.

3) In case of inhalation allow

the victim to rest in a well

ventilated area. Seek

immediate medical attention.

4) In case of ingestion do not

induce vomiting. Never give

anything by mouth to an

unconscious person. Seek


Fire & Explosion Hazards:-

Product does not support

combustion, But the dried

siloxane can catch fire Use

extinguishing agent suitable

for type of surrounding fire.

Dried product is capable of

burning. Combustion

products are toxic. May

include Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide and other

toxic gases or vapours.

Wear NIOSH approved self-

contained breathing apparatus

(SCBA) and full protective gear

to be used while fighting fire as

siloxanes will produce toxic

gases in case of fire. Cool fire-

exposed containers with water

spray.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

5.

Dibutyl phthalate

It is a colourless to light

yellow viscous liquid with

ester odour having toxicity

LD50 oral is 3474 mg/kg

(Mouse) & LD50 Dermal is

>20000 mg/kg (rabbit).

Hazardous effect on human

& environment :


causes mild eye irritation.


may cause skin irritation.

It is harmful if absorbed

through the skin.

3) In case of ingestion it

may cause irritation of

the digestive tract.

Symptoms may include:

fatigue, nausea, stupor,

and coma. It is harmful if

swallowed being a toxic.

4) May cause respiratory

tract irritation if inhaled in

small concentrations

5) In case of inhalation in

high concentrations it may

affect central nervous

system, the effects

characterized by nausea,

headache, dizziness,

unconsciousness and

coma.




minutes, occasionally lifting

the upper and lower.

2) In case of skin contact





shoes. Get medical aid.

3) In case of ingestion do not

induces vomiting. Never give


unconscious person. Loosen

tight clothing such as a collar,

tie, and belt or waistband.Get

medical aid immediately.

4) In case of inhalation in high

concentrations move the

victim to fresh air

immediately. If not breathing,

give artificial respiration. If


oxygen. Get medical aid.

1) SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

2) LARGE FIRE: Use water

spray, fog or foam. Do not use

water jet.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

Fire Hazards: It is

combustible at high

temperature with a

flashpoint of 157º C.

Products of combustion are

carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Slightly flammable to

flammable in presence of

open flames and sparks

of heat.

6.

DOM

Di (2-ethylhexyl)

Maleate or

Dioctyl maleate

It is a clear, colourless liquid

with ester like odour. Has

flashpoint of 180 °C.

Its acute oral toxicity LD50

is >2000mg/kg (rat) and

dermal toxicity LD50: 14000

mL/kg (rabbit).

May cause damage to

organs through prolonged

or repeated exposure

If Swallowed.

Very toxic to aquatic life

with long lasting effects.

1. Do not breathe

dust/fume/gas/mist/spray/spr

ay. Avoid release to the

environment. Get medical

attention/advice if you feel

unwell. Collect spillage.

Dispose of contents/container

in accordance with local

regulations.

2. Remove contaminated,

soaked clothing immediately

and dispose of safely.

3. Skin contact: Wash off

immediately with soap and

plenty of water. If symptoms

persist, call a physician.

4. Eyes: In the case of contact

with eyes, rinse immediately

with plenty of water and seek

medical advice.

5. Inhalation: Keep at rest.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

Aerate with fresh air. If

symptoms persist, call a

physician.

6. Ingestion: Call a physician

immediately. Do not induce

vomiting without medical

advice.

Fire Hazard: Explosion: It is

a flammable chemical & has

flashpoint of -185°C

Auto ignition temp is 260 °C

1. Use water spray, foam, dry

chemical or carbon dioxide.

2. Do not use a solid water

stream or jet as it may

scatter and spread fire.

3. Use self-contained breathing

apparatus while fighting fire

4. Cool containers/tanks with

water spray.

7.

Formaldehyde

It is a clear colourless liquid

with pungent odour. It is

available generally with 35

to 38 % concentration in

water. It is highly toxic with

Oral toxicity LD50100 mg/kg

(rat).and 42 mg/Kg (mouse)

Hazardous effect on

Human:

1) In case of eye contact it

is hazardous and irritant

to eye.


causes sensitization.

3) It is hazardous in case

of ingestion as it is


immediately flush with plenty

of water for up to 15

minutes. Remove any

contact lenses and open

eyes wide apart. Obtain

medical attention

immediately.


Remove contaminated

clothing immediately and

wash skin with soap and

water. Apply emoluments on

affected skin.

3) In case of serious skin

contact in addition to above

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

highly toxic. It cause

burns in mouth, throat

and stomach if

swallowed.

4) Its prolonged exposure

may cause general

deterioration of health

with damage to one or

more target organ.

apply antibacterial cream

and seek medical help

immediately.

4) In case of ingestion

immediately give a couple of

glasses of water or milk,

provided the victim is fully

conscious. Get medical


5) In case of inhalation of vapor

or mist of this material

remove victim immediately

from source of exposure. If

breathing is difficult

administer oxygen. Get

medical attention.

1) Fire Hazards &

Explosion:

It is a flammable chemical

with a flash point of 50 °C

and auto ignition temp of

430 ° Flammable in


and sparks, of heat. The

vapors are explosive in

presence of spark or heat.

1) Flammable liquid, soluble or

dispersed in water.

2) SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

3) LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol

foam, water spray or fog.

4) Cool containing vessels with

water jet in order to prevent

pressure build-up, auto

ignition or explosion.

It is a White crystalline Solid

with a melting point of 52

°C. Its Oral Toxicity LD50 is

481 mg/kg (Rat).and dermal

toxicity of 2629 mg/kg

1. Eye Contact:

Check for and remove any

contact lenses. Immediately

flush eyes with running water

for at least 15 minutes,

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

8.

Maleic Anhydride

(Rabbit).

Hazardous effect on

human:

1. Very hazardous in case of

ingestion. As it is highly

toxic substance .

2. Hazardous in case of skin

contact (irritant,

permeator), Skin contact

can produce inflammation

and blistering

3. eye contact (irritant),

Corrosive to eyes and

skin. The amount of tissue

damage depends on

length of contact. Eye

contact can result in

corneal damage or

blindness.

4. Inhalation of dust

will produce irritation

to gastro-intestinal or

respiratory tract,

characterized by burning,

sneezing and coughing.

5. Severe over-

exposure can produce

lung damage, choking,

unconsciousness or

death.

keeping eyelids open. Cold

water may be used. Do not

use an eye ointment. Seek

medical attention.

2. Skin Contact:

If the chemical got onto the

clothed portion of the body,

remove the contaminated

clothes as quickly as

possible, protecting your own

hands and body. Place the

victim under a deluge

shower. If the chemical got

on the victim's exposed skin,

such as the hands: Gently

and thoroughly wash the



abrasive soap. Cold water

may be used. If irritation

persists,. Wash contaminated

clothing before reusing.

3. Inhalation: Allow the victim

to rest in a well ventilated

area. Seek immediate

medical attention.

4. Ingestion:

Do not induce vomiting.

Examine the lips and mouth to

ascertain whether the tissues

are damaged, a possible

indication that the toxic

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

material was ingested; the

absence of such signs,

however, is not conclusive.


a collar, tie, belt or waistband.

If the victim is not breathing,

perform mouth-to-mouth

resuscitation. Seek immediate

medical attention being a toxic

substance.

1) Fire Hazard & Exposure:

It is combustible at high

temperature.

Has a flashpoint of

103.33°C and auto ignition

temperature of 476 ° C

It is Combustible when

exposed to heat or flame.

2) If Material is in powder

form, it is capable of

creating a dust explosion.

3) When heated to

decomposition it emits

acrid smoke and irritating

fumes.

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.



use water jet.

It is a colourless, odourless

liquid. Its oral toxicity LD50 is

1790 mg/kg (Mouse).

Hazardous effect on

human:

1.Very hazardous in case of

eye contact (irritant),

1. Eye Contact: Check for and

remove any contact lenses.

Do not use an eye ointment.

Seek medical attention.

2. Skin Contact:

After contact with skin, wash

immediately with plenty of

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

9. 1-Octanol Inflammation of the eye is

characterized by redness,

watering, and itching

2.Hazardous in case of

ingestion. Or swallowed

accidently.

3. Hazardous in case of

skin contact (irritant), or in

case of inhalation.

.

water. Gently and thoroughly

wash the contaminated skin

with running water and non-

abrasive soap. Be particularly

careful to clean folds,

crevices, creases and groin.

Cover the irritated skin with an

emollient. If irritation persists,

seek medical attention. Wash

contaminated clothing before

reusing.

3. Inhalation: Allow the victim to

rest in a well ventilated area.

Seek immediate medical

attention.

4. Ingestion: Do not induce

vomiting. Examine the lips and

mouth to ascertain whether the

tissues are damaged, a

possible indication that the toxic

material was ingested; the

absence of such signs,


Loosen tight clothing such as a

collar, tie, belt or waistband. If

the victim is not breathing,



medical attention.

Fire Hazards &Explosion:

Flammable liquid with a

flashpoint 81.1 ° C. and

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

LARGE FIRE: Use water spray,

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

auto ignition temp of 270 °

C.

fog or foam. Do not use water

jet.

10.

Polyethylene

glycol

It is an odourless, clear,

viscous liquid. Similar to

Glycerine .

Its oral toxicity LD50 is

30200 mg/kg (Rat) &

dermal toxicity is 20000

mg/kg (Rabbit).

LC 50 is 13 ppm for 8 hours

( acute)

Hazardous effect on

human:

Slightly hazardous in case

of skin contact (irritant,

permeator), and eye

contact (irritant), of

ingestion, of inhalation.




minutes. Cold water may be

used. WARM water MUST

be used. Get medical




plenty of water. Cover the

irritated skin with an

emollient.

3) In case of swallowed

(ingestion) rinse mouth with

plenty of water. Do not

induce vomiting. Call a

doctor as the substance is

mild toxic.

4) In case inhaled the vapors

remove victim to fresh air

and keep at rest in a position

comfortable for breathing.

Fire Hazards:

It is combustible liquid at

high temperature.

Flashpoint of 226.67 °C

(closed cup) and 231°C

(open cup)

Slightly flammable in


SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.

LARGE FIRE: Use water spray,

fog or foam. Do not use water

jet.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

and sparks, of heat.

11.

Poly phenylene

Sulfide

It is a solid, in form of

granules, or powder.

May cause skin and eye

irritation.

Inhalation of dust may

cause irritation of

respiratory tract.

Ingestion – No information

found but a low toxicity

material in case of

ingestion being a polymeric

base material.

The fumes of overheated

material may cause

irritation of throat and

respiratory tract.

1. Inhalation: Move person to

fresh air. Assist breathing if

necessary. Consult a

physician.

2. Skin: Remove

contaminated clothing.

Wash affected area with mild

soap and water until

chemicals are completely

removed. (15-20 minutes at

least). Get medical attention

if necessary.

3. Eye: Immediately flush

eyes with plenty of water

while holding eyelids open.

Seek medical attention if

irritation persists.

4. Ingestion: Material is not

expected to be absorbed

from the gastrointestinal

tract. Do not induce vomiting

unless directed to do so by

medical personnel.

Fire Hazards :

Airborne dust may form

flammable or explosive

mixture with air.

Auto ignition temperature –

400 °C

Toxic carbon compounds

Extinguishing Media :

1) Dry chemical, carbon dioxide,

water spray and foam or

water fog

2) Keep people away. Isolate

fire area and the

unnecessary entry.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

like oxides of sulphur can

be produced during

combustion

3) Cool surroundings with water

to localize fire zone.

4) Soak thoroughly with water to

cool and prevent re-ignition.

5) Protective fire fighting

clothing (including fire

fighting helmet, coat, pants,

boots, and gloves), Positive-

pressure self contained

breathing apparatus (SCBA).

12.

Para Toluene

Sulfonic

Acid(PTSA)

It is solid with off white

crystals with slight aromatic

odour. Oral toxicity LD50

2480 mg/kg (rat).

Hazardous effect on

human:

1) Extremely destructive to

eyes. Causes irritation,

redness, pain, and burns.

As it is corrosive material.

2) Extremely destructive to

skin. Causes irritation,

redness, pain, and burns.

3) Inhalation of fumes -

Extremely destructive to

tissues..

4) Corrosive. Extremely

destructive to tissues of

the mucous membranes

and upper respiratory

tract. Symptoms may

include burning sensation,




minutes, lifting lower and

upper eyelids occasionally.

Get medical attention

immediately.

2. In case of contact, wipe off

excess material from skin

then immediately flush skin

with plenty of water for at

least 15 minutes. Remove


shoes. Wash clothing before

reuse. Call a physician

immediately.

3. If swallowed, do not induce

vomiting. Give large

quantities of water. Never

give anything by mouth to an

unconscious person. Get

medical attention

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

coughing, wheezing,

laryngitis, shortness of

breath, headache, nausea

and vomiting. Inhalation

may be fatal as a result of

spasm inflammation and

edema of the larynx and

bronchi, chemical

pneumonitis and

pulmonary edema.

Ingestion- Extremely

destructive to tissues.

May be fatal

immediately.

a. If the vapours are inhaled

remove the victim to fresh




oxygen. Get medical


1) Fire Hazards:

As with most organic

solids, fire is possible at

elevated temperatures

or by contact with an

ignition source.

Flashpoint: 184 °C.

Auto ignition temp is

350 ° C.

1) Water spray, dry chemical,

alcohol foam, or carbon

dioxide. May react strongly

with water.

2) In the event of a fire, wear full

protective clothing and

NIOSH-approved self-

contained breathing

apparatus with full face piece

operated in the pressure

demand or other positive

pressure mode.

13.

Poly Vinyl Alcohol

It is a white, colourless &

odourless powdered solid.

Hazardous effect on

human:

Slightly hazardous in case

of skin contact (irritant), of




minutes. Cold water may be

used. Get medical attention.

2) Wash with soap and water.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

(PVA) eye contact (irritant), of

ingestion, of inhalation.

Cover the irritated skin with

an emollient. Get medical

attention if irritation develops.

Cold water may be used.

3) If inhaled, remove to fresh




oxygen.

1) If swallowed, do not induce

vomiting. Never give anything

by mouth to an unconscious

person. Loosen tight clothing

such as a collar, tie, belt or

waistband. Get medical help

1) Fire Hazards: Maybe

combustible at high

temperature.

2) Flashpoint: 79°C.

3) Flammable in presence

of open flames and

sparks, of heat. Non-

flammable in presence of

shocks.

4) The fine dust of this

material can cause dust

explosions.

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.



use water jet.

14.

Styrene-

Butadiene-Styrene

( Rubber )

It is an amorphous solid.

Expected to be of low oral

toxicity, LD50 > 2000 mg/kg

Its Acute inhalation toxicity

LC50 is 164.5 mg/L/hr (rat).

1) Ingestion :-If vomiting occurs,

lay the patient down as head

would be lower than body for

suffocation prevention. If

breathing stops mouth-to-

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

Hazardous effect on

human:

1) Causes eye irritation


causes skin irritation.

3) Throat irritation in case

of ingestion & inhalation.

4) Molten product adheres

to the skin and causes

burns

mouth resuscitation (also

called expired air

resuscitation - EAR) may be

given only as a last resort.

2) In case of eye contact,

immediately flush eye with

plenty of water for at least

15-20 mins.

3) In case of skin contact, flush

skin with plenty of water and

soap or mild cleanser at least

15 to 20 min..

4) In case of inhalation,

immediately remove exposed

person to fresh air, make

warm and keep at rest in a

position comfortable for

breathing. Perform artificial

respiration if necessary. Call

a physician.

Fire hazard:

The polymer is flammable

above 228°C.

It has a flash point of 288

°C

Autoignition Temp of the

mist is 440 °C

Dust explosion can occure.

The amorphous solid will

catch fire when heated.

- Avoid to heat, spark,

flame.

Use water spray, foam in

conflagration.

Move containers from fire area if

this can be done without risk.

Do not spread the spillage with

water spray of high pressure.

Avoid to inhalation of hazardous

gas and mist, stand against the

wind

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

15.

Sodium Lauryl

Sulphate(SLS)

It is a crystalline solid with

white to yellowish colour.

Its oral toxicity (LD50) is

1288 mg/kg (Rat).

1. Slightly hazardous in

case of skin contact

(sensitizer).

The substance may be

toxic to skin.

2. Eye contact may result in

damage to eye tissue if

not washed properly.

3. Repeated or prolonged

exposure to the

substance can produce

target organs damage.

3. Repeated exposure to a

highly toxic material may

produce general

deterioration of health by an

accumulation in one or

many human organs.

1) Eye Contact:


contact lenses. In case of

contact, immediately flush

eyes with plenty of water for at

least 15 minutes. Cold water

may be used. Get medical

attention.

2) Skin Contact:

In case of contact, immediately

flush skin with plenty of water.

Cover the irritated skin with an

emollient. Remove


shoes. Cold water may be

used. Wash clothing before

reuse. Thoroughly clean

shoes before reuse. Get

medical attention.

3) If inhaled, remove to fresh air.

If not breathing, give artificial

respiration. If breathing is

difficult, give oxygen. Get

medical attention immediately.

4) In case ingestion :- Do NOT

induce vomiting unless

directed to do so by medical

personnel. Never give


unconscious person. If large

quantities of this material are

swallowed, call a physician

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

immediately. Loosen tight

clothing such as a collar, tie,

belt or waistband.

Fire Hazard: It is

combustible at high

temperature. Products of

combustion contents

sulphur oxides which is

toxic and hazardous.

When heated to

decomposition it emits toxic

fumes of sulphur oxides,

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder.


spray, fog or foam. Do not use

water jet.

16.

Styrene

(Monomer)

It is a clear, colourless

viscous liquid with aromatic

odour. Its oral toxicity LD50

is 2650 mg/kg (Rat).

Vapour toxicity – Acute LC

50 – 1200 ppm 4 hours (

RAT)

1. Very hazardous in case

of eye contact (irritant).

2. Hazardous in case of

skin contact (irritant,

permeator), of ingestion,

of inhalation.

3. Inflammation of the eye

is characterized by

redness, watering, and

itching.

The substance is toxic

to the nervous system,

upper respiratory tract.

1) Eye Contact:


contact lenses. Immediately

flush eyes with running water

for at least 15 minutes,

keeping eyelids open. Cold

water may be used. Do not

use an eye ointment. Seek

medical attention.

2) After contact with skin,

wash immediately with plenty

of water. Gently and

thoroughly wash the



abrasive soap. Cover the

irritated skin with an emollient.

If irritation persists, seek

medical attention. Wash

contaminated clothing before

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

5. Repeated or prolonged

exposure to the

substance can produce

target organs

damageThe substance

is toxic to the nervous

system, upper

respiratory tract

6. It is suspected

carcinogenic for

human.

reusing.

3) In case of inhalation,

allow the victim to rest in a

well ventilated area. Seek


4) Ingestion - Do not induce

vomiting. Examine the lips and

mouth to ascertain whether

the tissues are damaged, a

possible indication that the

toxic material was ingested;

the absence of such signs,



a, belt or waistband. If the

victim is not breathing,



medical attention.

Fire Hazard: Flammable

with a flashpoint 31.1 to

36.7 °C.

Auto ignition temp of 490

°C.

Flammable in presence of

open flames and sparks.

It has a tendency for

polymerization hence

should be stored below 25

°C.

Flammable liquid, soluble or

dispersed in water.

SMALL FIRE: Use DRY

chemical powder. LARGE FIRE:

Use alcohol foam, water spray

or fog. Cool containing vessels

with water jet in order to prevent

pressure build-up, auto ignition

or explosion.

It’s a colourless liquid with 1) Eye contact: Rinse opened

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

17.

Vinyl Acetate

Monomer(VAM)

sweetish odour. Its oral

toxicity LD50 is 2920 mg/kg

(rat).

1. Harmful if inhaled.

May cause respiratory

irritation. May cause

respiratory irritation.

2. May be harmful if

swallowed

3. Harmful to aquatic life

with long lasting effects.

7. This material like

PVC is Suspected of

causing cancer

eye for several minutes under

running water.

2) Skin contact: Generally the

product does not irritate the

skin. Rinse cautiously with

water for several minutes.

3) Inhalation: Supply fresh air. If

required, provide artificial

respiration. Keep patient

warm. Consult doctor if

symptoms persist. In case of

unconsciousness place

patient stably in side position

for transportation.

4) Ingestion: Rinse out mouth

and then drink plenty of

water. Do not induce

vomiting; call for medical

help immediately. Give

activated carbon, in order to

reduce the resorption in the

gastro-enteric tract.

8. Symptoms of poisoning

may even occur after

several hours; therefore

medical observation for at

least 48 hours after the

accident.

Fire Hazard: It is highly

flammable liquid or in

vapour form. Product is not

explosive. However,

1) Fire fighting - CO₂ , powder

or water spray. Fight larger

fires with water spray or

alcohol resistant foam.

Sr.

No.

Product/ Raw

Material

Hazardous

Characteristics



antidote.

formation of explosive

air/Vapour mixtures are

possible.

Flashpoint: -8 °C. And

Ignition temperature of

425°C

Vapours are heavier than

air and may spread along

floors.

Pay attention to flashback.

Can form explosive gas-air

mixtures.

Container explosion may

occur under fire conditions.

2) Wear positive-pressure self-

contained breathing

apparatus (SCBA) and

protective fire fighting

clothing (includes fire

fighting helmet, coat,

trousers, boots, and

gloves). Do not inhale

explosion gases or

combustion gases. As they

are highly toxic.

Annexure - VII

Safety Measures Proposed

Details of the separate isolated storage area for chemicals. Details of fire extinguishers,

flame proof electrical fittings, DCP extinguishers and other safety measures proposed.

The following are the flammable chemicals being handled in the facility:

1. Styrene – Styrene Monomer must be stored below 25°C, away from direct sunlight

in closed containers. Styrene must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from

direct sunlight, ignition sources and other sources of heat. An inhibitor is added in

styrene to prevent it from polymerization during storage. If it is stored at high

temperatures it will initiate polymerization reaction and can lead to explosion.

2. Formaldehyde – Formaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area

and properly labelled.

3. Vinyl Acetate monomer – Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage

tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk

vessels or tank trucks. It is highly flammable. I should therefore be stored in a cool,

dry, well ventilated area that is free from the risk of ignition.

To store the above chemicals safely a separate storage area will be created in the

facility. This will be well ventilated. A fire water hydrant with a hose will be provided

nearby. The fire water tank will be constructed. If required additional water from the

drinking water and service water tanks will be taken. The pump will have a standby diesel

operated pump. The fire hydrants will be located at 50 meters distance at a strategic

location and the fire water line will be laid around the plant and storage boundary area.

1. Material storage (Raw material & product storage): Chemical types of fire

extinguishers will be located at strategic locations out of which three numbers will be

deployed in the storage area of Styrene, formaldehyde and Vinyl acetate.

2. Production processing area: Dry chemical type fire extinguishers will be deployed.

One near the reactor, second one near the filtration area and third one will be at the

entrance.

3. Electrical Substation and DG set: Toxic and flammable gas detection will be

carried out periodically by use of dragger tubes. And their concentration will be

controlled.

Since flammable gases can be present in the production and styrene/formaldehyde

storage area. The area will be classified as zone 1, and flameproof electrical fittings

will be installed. The motors and other electrical gadgets will also be flameproof.

Action plan for fire

Since there is a chance of a fire in the proposed industry, it is proposed to plan

creation of infrastructure for fire fighting and to tackle such emergencies in centralized

level by Vinayak Industries.

1. A fire water network will be established in the facility.

2. The fire water pump will be operated by emergency power or a standby diesel

operated fire water pump will be installed.

3. Provision of fire water tank with a proposed capacity of Minimum 50 KL.

4. In case of emergency water from overhead service water tank and cooling water

tank can be used.

5. Provision of all fire fighting equipments in the fire station with all the infrastructure

facilities like fire hoses, foam etc.

6. Design of the roads in the proposed industrial estate should be such that fire tender

can easily approach the fire site or unit having emergency

7. Mutual aid agreement with local municipal corporation fire department and other

nearby industries. .

General Guidelines during fire and emergencies

The general guidelines are given in the disaster management plan; however some

of the important points are repeated here

1. Fire Operator/Fireman must be available at fire station till maintenance engineer

take charge from him.

2. The operating plant may be stopped as per instructions of site main controller.

3. All Employees should guide visitors or contractors to approach assembly point.

4. Emergency vehicle should be available near security main gate, and rush to the

emergency control centre at the blowing of emergency siren. The driver of

emergency vehicle will follow the instructions of Incident Controller / Site Main

Controller.

5. The shift engineer/electrician to get ready to manage MCC as per the instructions

Incident Controller.

For communication in case of fire:

Siren.

Intercom sets.

Mobiles

Walkie talkie. ( Wireless sets)

Telephone directory

Company Directory

List of important & Emergency phone numbers.

5.2 Documents for ready reference in the fire control room :

Site plan

Layout plan with hazard zones, assembly points marked and location of siren,

safety/fire system shown (Display).

Stock list of Fire extinguishers

Fire-water system and additional sources of water.

Emergency Response Plan and Company Lay out Plan, Flip chart.

Copy of First Aid procedures

Copy of MSDS of the chemicals stored, handled at site.

Mutual Aid Members list

List of employees and their addresses and phones numbers.

Emergency phone numbers like ambulance, hospital Doctor etc.

Annexure - VIII

Specific Safety Details/provisions for

hazardous chemicals

Specific safety details / provisions for various hazardous chemicals and detailed fire

control plan for flammable substances.

Some of the chemicals used in Vinayak Industries come under hazardous chemical list as

per schedule-I of MSIHC Rules November-1989 revised in January-2000. So it is essential to

make some specific safety details/ provisions for these hazardous chemicals. This TOR

includes Precaution, Handling, Storage etc. of these hazardous chemical. The hazardous

chemicals used in Vinayak Industries as per MSIHC Rules 2000 are as below.

(1) Acryl amide (Hazardous chemical item no. 11, Schedule 1 Part II

MSIHC)

(2) Formaldehyde (Hazardous chemical item no. 285 in MSIHC)

(3) Maleic anhydride (Hazardous chemical item no. 352 in MSIHC)

(4) Styrene (Hazardous chemical item no. 583 in MSIHC)

(5) Vinyl Acetate Monomer(VAM) (Hazardous chemical item no. 670 in MSIHC)

1. Acryl amide:

Acryl amide (or acrylic amide) is a chemical compound with the chemical

formula C3H5NO. It is a white odorless, crystalline solid, soluble

in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. Acryl amide decomposes in the presence

of acids, bases, oxidizing agents, iron, and iron salts. It decomposes non-thermally to

form ammonia, and thermal decomposition products, carbon monoxide, carbon

dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen.

Acryl amide is highly toxic, its oral toxicity LD 50 is 124 mg/Kg (Rat) and 107 mg/Kg

(Mouse). Its dermal toxicity is LD 50 is 400 mg/kg. Even though it is solid, it is

flammable material with the flash point of 138 °C and auto ignition temperature of

424 °C. It classified as an extremely hazardous substance as per MHSIC rules 2000,

item No. 11 , of Schedule 1 , Part II.

The substance can be toxic to peripheral nervous system, central nervous system

(CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs

damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material can produce general

deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. This

substance is also a proven cacogenic for animals and suspected cacogenic for

human beings.

This product is used in Vinayak industries as one of the raw materials for the

manufacture of Textile binders. It will be stored in the 25 kgs bags and maximum 5

tones of this product will be stored at a time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acryl

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compound

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formula


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_(molecule)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethyl_ether

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroform

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxides_of_nitrogen

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_extremely_hazardous_substances

1.1 Special Storage Requirements:

When working with acryl amide, the area must be labeled with a sign stating

CAUTION, CANCER HAZARD -SELECT CARCINOGEN . The storage space must

also have a similar label, and acryl amide must be stored in a secondary

container.

Since acryl amide is a light sensitive product, it should be stored in light

resistant containers.

It should be stored below 23 °C, and preferably in the refrigerated area.

Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering.

controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user

operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to

airborne contaminants to a minimum and below the exposure limit

Protective clothing should be worn while handling this to prevent any

possibility of skin contact.

Gloves, apron, boots and a chemical protective suit should be worn when

workers are handling this substance.

Remove all sources of heat and ignition where this product is stored.

1.2 Condition for safe Storage

Acryl amide should be stored in a dark, dry, well ventilated refrigerated area in

tightly sealed containers. It is a Light Sensitive material, May polymerize on

exposure to light

Do not store above 23°C,as it may polymerize violently on melting or when

heated above 50 C.

Storage in an inert atmosphere is recommended.

All electrical fittings in storage areas should be of explosion proof design.

Containers of acryl amide should be protected from physical damage and

should be stored separately from oxidizing agents, heat, sparks, and open

flame.

Empty containers pose a fire risk, should be disposed off suitably.

1.3 Exposure limits: Since it is highly toxic material there are dust, mist exposure

limits are prescribed by OSHA as follows :

TWA – 0.03 mg/M3 for 8 hours

PEL (United States) – 0.3 mg/M3

SKIN TWA – 0.3 mg/M3 for 8 hours

1.4 Medical monitoring of employees/workers working with acryl amide

chemical:

Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored in a

systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent

occupational injury & disease.

a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with

potential for exposure of acryl amide, a licensed health care professional

should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with

through medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical

examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating

occupational risks.

b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational

health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at

regular intervals during the employment period, as mandated by any

applicable federal, state or local standards.

1.5 Handling of Acryl amide:

All management and operating personnel involved in the use or handling of

acryl amide should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task training.

Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and

unload acryl amide receptacles.

The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been

made and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.

Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should be

worn while unloading containers containing acryl amide.

No open flame heating allowed in an unloading area.

2. Formaldehyde:

Formaldehyde is a organic compound with the formula CH2O (H-CHO). It is the

simplest of the aldehydes (R-CHO) and is also known by its systematic

name methanal. It is a liquid at room temperature. It is highly toxic with a toxicity

of LD 50 100 ppm (rat) The common name of this substance comes from its

similarity and relation to formic acid. Formaldehyde is more complicated than

many simple carbon compounds in that it adopts several different forms. As a gas,

formaldehyde is colorless and has a characteristic pungent, irritating odor. Very

hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion. Formaldehyde is an irritant

and corrosive to if exposed to any part of the human body especially eyes..

Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Severe

over-exposure can result in death.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic_name

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic_name

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formic_acid

Fire Hazard:

It is a flammable liquid with a flash point of 50 °C. (open cup)

Flammable limits in air are Lower: 6%, Upper: 36.5 %

Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat.

Non- explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of shocks.

Explosive in the form of vapour when exposed to heat of flame.

Health hazard:

It is a highly toxic material as its LD 50 values are low.

Have carcinogenic and Teratogenic effects on humans. formaldehyde to be a

potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy.

Very hazardous in case of ingestion, in case of skin contact, eye contact, of

inhalation.

May affect genetic material and cause birth defects.

May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, liver, central nervous

system

Exposure limits:

STEL: 0.3 (ppm)

TWA: 0.75 ppm

PEL – 0.75 ppm – OSHA.

IDLH -30 ppm as per NIOSH revised IDLH 20 ppm.

2.1 Storage Requirements:

Formaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area and

properly labelled.

Formaldehyde should never be stored in vehicles except to transport to and

from field during sampling operations.

Used formaldehyde, either from spill clean-up or from activities generated

from the process of change-out of sample containers must be stored in a

properly labelled hazardous waste container.

Storage of waste formaldehyde should be in an area not frequented by the

general population or duty workers and should be in an area not subject to

heat cycles and well ventilated.

2.2 Handling of Formaldehyde:


formaldehyde should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task

training.

Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and

unload formaldehyde.

The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been

made and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.

Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should

be worn while unloading containers containing formaldehyde.

No open flame allowed in an unloading area.

Use detection tube to determine the concentration of formaldehyde in

workplace area and it should be below the TWA value.

2.3 Medical monitoring of workers/employees working with Formaldehyde:




a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job

with potential for exposure of formaldehyde, a licensed health care

professional should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline

health status with through medical, environmental, and occupational

histories, a physical examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for

the anticipating occupational risks.

b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring:

Occupational health interviews and physical examinations should be

performed at regular intervals during the employment period.

3. Maleic Anhydride:

Maleic anhydride is a colorless crystalline solid. The crystalline solid is available in

the form of needle, flakes, pellets, rods, briquettes, lumps or a fused mass. It melts

at 52.8 °C. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications

in coatings and polymers. Shipped both as a solid and in the molten state.

Vapors, fumes and dusts of maleic anhydride strongly irritate the eyes, skin and

mucous membranes. The material is flammable with a Flash point 103.3°C. Auto

ignition temperature 476.6°C.

Used to make paints and plastics and other chemicals. Maleic anhydride may be

used in the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins and as a reactant in

synthesizing important products such as agricultural chemicals, lubricant additives

and food acidulations.

Fire hazard

May be combustible at high temperature with a flashpoint of 103.33 °C.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coating

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

Auto ignition temperature is 476.67 °C.

Flammable limits: Lower- 1.4%, Upper- 7.1%

Combustible when exposed to heat or flame.

Material in powder form capable of creating a dust explosion.

Health hazard:

The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes.

Oral toxicity LD50: 481 mg/kg(Rat), Dermal toxicity: 2620 mg/kg(rabbit)

Very hazardous in case of ingestion.

Exposure will cause asthma, dermatitis, and pulmonary Oedema, Tumorigen,

Sternutator

Exposure Limit - TWA: 0.25 (ppm) and (TLV) TWA: 1 (mg/m3) as per NIOSH

IDLH – 10mg/m3 .

3.1 Storage requirements:

Keep ignition sources away - do not smoke. Product dust may form explosive air-

dust mixtures.

Keep containers tightly closed. Store them in cool, dry and well ventilated places.

containers must be properly marked.

Hand-operated / portable fire-fighting equipment should be available in storage

rooms.

Neutral gas blanketing is required inside storage tanks if it is stored in liquid form

at elevated temperature.

3.2 Safe Handling:

Persons with a history of skin sensitization problems or asthma, allergies or

chronic or recurrent respiratory disease should not be employed in any process in

which this product is used.

Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Do not breathe vapor or mist. Do not

ingest.

Adequate ventilation is required where this product handled.

Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate.

Keep the material in the original container or an approved alternative made from

a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use.

Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous. Do not reuse

container.

Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating

areas.

Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking. Eating,

drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is

handled, stored and processed.

When this product is used in a molten state. Contact may cause thermal burns.

3.3 Medical monitoring of employees/workers working with Maleic anhydride:




a. Preplacement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job

with potential for exposure of Maleic anhydride, a licensed health care

professional should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health

status with through medical, environmental, and occupational histories,

a physical examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the

anticipating occupational risks.


health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at

regular intervals during the employment period, as required by factories

act.

4. Styrene:

STYRENE is a colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make

rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics. Styrene, also known

as vinyl benzene, is a colorless oily liquid that evaporates easily and has a sweet smell,

although high concentrations confer a less pleasant odor. Styrene is primarily used in

the production of polystyrene plastics and resins. Acute (short-term) exposure

to styrene in humans results in mucous membrane and eye irritation, and

gastrointestinal effects.

Fire and Health hazard:

Flammable, with a flashpoint of 31.1 °C. ( closed cup)

Auto ignition temp: 490°C.

Flammable limits: Lower- 1.1%, Upper - 6.1%

Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Slightly flammable to

flammable in presence of heat.

Health hazard:

Oral toxicity LD50: 2650 mg/kg(Rat), 316 mg/kg(mouse)

Hazardous in case of skin contact.

Toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.

Causes Menstrual disorders in human.

Postnatal development injury in animal.

Exposure limits:

TWA: 50 ppm ( 215 mg/m3)

STEL:100 (ppm)

IDLH – 700 ppm – as per NIOSH

PEL – 100 ppm as per OHSA.


Styrene Monomer must be stored below 25°C, away from direct sunlight in

closed containers.

If stored properly, styrene has a shelf life of maximum 6 months. As it has a

polymerization tendency.

Styrene must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from direct sunlight,

ignition sources and other sources of heat.

Styrene has a tendency to polymerize at temperatures above 30 °C. Styrene

temperature should be monitored and controlled to prevent product

temperatures greater than 30°C. Circulation capability is necessary to maintain

appropriate oxygen and inhibitor levels.

Styrene is stabilized with a certain amount of inhibitor to avoid spontaneous

polymerization. The inhibitor used is tert-butylcatechol or similar.

4.2 Handling of Styrene:


styrene should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task training.

Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and unload

styrene receptacles.

The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been made

and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.

Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should be

worn while unloading containers containing styrene.

No open flame allowed in an unloading area.

Use detection tube to determine the concentration of styrene in workplace area.

4.3 Medical monitoring of employers/workers working with Styrene:




a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with

potential for exposure of styrene, a licensed health care professional should

evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with through

medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination,

and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating occupational risks.


health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at regular

intervals during the employment period, as mandated by factories act.

5. Vinyl Acetate Monomer(VAM)

Vinyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid. The liquid as well as vapors are highly

flammable. It has Flash point -8°C and auto ignition temperature of 425° C. VAM is

Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and

respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization

occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture or explode.

VAM is used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics.

Polymers made from VAM are used in fabric treatments, pigments and adhesives.

Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to vinyl acetate has resulted in

eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term)

occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers;

some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness

were reported.

Fire Hazard and explosion

Highly flammable liquid and vapor.

Flashpoint: -8° C.

Ignition temp: 425 °C.

The explosive limits are 2.6 (lower) to 13.4 (upper) Vol % in air.

Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces.

Danger of explosion if fluid enters the sewage system.

The container may explode due to self polymerization if not stored at low

temperatures.

Health hazard:

Oral toxicity LD50 : 2920 mg/kg(rat)

Dermal toxicity LD50: 2335 mg/kg(rabbit)

Suspected of causing cancer.

Harmful if inhaled

May be harmful if swallowed

Exposure limits:

STEL : Short term value- 15 ppm 53 mg /M3 . as per ACGIH

TWA - 10 ppm for 8 hours 35 mg /M3 as per ACGIH

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/water

REL - 4 ppm, 15 mg/m3 Ceiling (15 Minutes) ( REL – Recommended Exposure

limit as per NIOSH)


Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage tanks and/or new or

reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk vessels or tank

trucks.

It has a specific gravity of 0.933 and a flash point of -8° C (closed cup) and is

highly flammable. It should therefore be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated

area that is free from the risk of ignition. The storage temperature should be

between 2 to 8 °C. At higher temp as it has a tendency for polymerization.

Bulk storage systems for VAM should be evaluated prior to use to ensure that

appropriate systems (e.g., temperature monitors, systems to add inhibitor and

mix content of tanks) are available if necessary.

Storage areas should be well ventilated and should be away from strong

oxidizers, heat sources, ignition sources and combustible materials.

Drums of vinyl acetate should be stored out of direct sunlight; the shelf life

decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing inhibitor concentration

5.2 Safe handling of VAM:

Thoroughly review Material Safety Data Sheet before handling product.

Protect small containers from physical damage. Keep containers closed when not

in use. Open containers slowly to allow any excess pressure to vent.

Electrical grounding of storage and containers is a must for avoiding static

electricity generation and spark.

Keep away from heat, sparks, flame or other sources of ignition. Use spark-

resistant tools.

Polymerization may occur under the influence of: light, UV Ray, heat, fire, static

discharge, and depleted inhibitor

The polymer inhibitor for VAM is hydroquinone . Typically 3-5 ppm hydroquinone

(HQ) for regional shipments and up to 25 ppm HQ for long-range shipment.

Use proper electrical grounding and bonding procedures when loading,

unloading and transferring.

Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing

containers of Vinyl acetate.

Electrical equipment and circuits in all storage and handling areas must be

flameproof fittings.

5.3 Medical monitoring of employers/workers working with Vinyl acetate

monomer:

Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored

in a systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent


a. Preplacement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with

potential for exposure of Vinyl acetate, a licensed health care professional

should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with

through medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical

examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating

occupational risks.

b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational health

interviews and physical examinations should be performed at regular intervals

during the employment period, as mandated by Gujarat factories act and rules.

Annexure - IX

MSDS

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Safety Data Sheetaccording to Globally Harmonized System (GHS)

Printing date 27.09.2014 Revision: 27.09.2014

39.4.1

1 Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking

· Product identifier· Trade name: Vinyl Acetate

· Synonyms:Vinyl acetate monomer; VAM; Acetic Acid Vinyl Ester Monomer; Acetic acid, vinyl ester; 1-Acetoxyethylene; Ethenyl acetate; Ethenyl ethanoate; Vinyl a monomer; Vinyl ethanoate; Acetate de vinyle;Acetic acid, ethenyl ester; Acetic acid, ethylene ester· CAS Number:108-05-4

· Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against : · Identified/Recommended uses:Manufacture of industrial substancesChemical for synthesisRaw Material for:Monomer for the preparation of CopolymerResinAdhesiveCoating materialPolyvinyl Alcohol, Polyvinyl Butyral, Vinyl Acetate Emulsion, Vnayl Acetate-Ethylene Co-Polymer (EVAResin, VAE Emulsion), Vinyl Acetate and acrylic acid, Crotonic acid, Maleic acid, Alcoholysis of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer

· Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet· Manufacturer/Supplier:Dairen Chemical Corporation9th Fl., No. 301, SongJiang Rd.Taipei City, 10483, TAIWANTel: +886-2-7743-1500 Fax: +886-2-2509-9619www.dcc.com.tw

· Further information obtainable from: Respective plant's environmental, health, and safety (EHS) Dept.· Emergency telephone number: +886-2-7743-1500 (08:30-17:30; GMT+8)

2 Hazards identification

· Classification of the substance or mixture

Flam. Liq. 2 H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour.

Carc. 2 H351 Suspected of causing cancer.

Acute Tox. 4 H332 Harmful if inhaled.

STOT SE 3 H335 May cause respiratory irritation.

Acute Tox. 5 H303 May be harmful if swallowed.

Aquatic Chronic 3 H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

· Label elements· GHS label elementsThe substance is classified and labelled according to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS).· Hazard pictograms

GHS02 GHS07 GHS08

· Signal word Danger

· Hazard-determining components of labelling:vinyl acetate

(Contd. on page 2)

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Trade name: Vinyl Acetate

(Contd. of page 1)

39.4.1

· Hazard statementsHighly flammable liquid and vapour.May be harmful if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.Suspected of causing cancer.May cause respiratory irritation.Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.· Precautionary statementsKeep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.Store locked up.Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.· Other hazards None Known.

3 Composition/information on ingredients

· Chemical characterisation: Substances· CAS No. Description108-05-4 vinyl acetate >99%· Identification number(s)· EC number: 203-545-4· Index number: 607-023-00-0

4 First aid measures

· Description of first aid measures· General information:Symptoms of poisoning may even occur after several hours; therefore medical observation for at least 48hours after the accident.· After inhalation:Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptomspersist.In case of unconsciousness place patient stably in side position for transportation.· After skin contact:Generally the product does not irritate the skin.Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.· After eye contact: Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water.· After swallowing:Rinse out mouth and then drink plenty of water.Do not induce vomiting; call for medical help immediately.Give activated carbon, in order to reduce the resorption in the gastro-enteric tract.· Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayedDiszinessBreathing difficultyHeadacheGastric or intestinal disordersCoughingIrritant effectsDrying-out effect resulting in rough and chapped skin.

(Contd. on page 3)

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(Contd. of page 2)

39.4.1

· Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment neededTreatment of exposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of thepatient.

5 Firefighting measures

· Extinguishing media· Suitable extinguishing agents:CO₂, powder or water spray. Fight larger fires with water spray or alcohol resistant foam.· For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents: Water with full jet· Special hazards arising from the substance or mixtureVapours are heavier than air and may spread along floors.Pay attention to flashback.Can form explosive gas-air mixtures.Container explosion may occur under fire conditions.Under certain fire conditions, traces of other toxic gases cannot be excluded.· Advice for firefighters· Protective equipment:Wear positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective fire fighting clothing(includes fire fighting helmet, coat, trousers, boots, and gloves).Do not inhale explosion gases or combustion gases.· Additional informationCool endangered receptacles with water spray.Collect contaminated fire fighting water separately. It must not enter the sewage system.

6 Accidental release measures

· Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency proceduresEnsure adequate ventilationKeep people at a distance and stay on the windward side.Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.· Environmental precautions: Do not allow to enter sewers/ surface or ground water.· Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:Allow to solidify. Pick up mechanically.Absorb with liquid-binding material (sand, diatomite, acid binders, universal binders, sawdust).Dispose contaminated material as waste according to item 13.Ensure adequate ventilation.· Reference to other sectionsSee Section 7 for information on safe handling.See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.See Section 13 for disposal information.

7 Handling and storage

· Precautions for safe handlingEnsure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.Avoid breathing vapor.Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.· Information about fire - and explosion protection:Danger of explosion if fluid enters the sewage system.Keep ignition sources away - Do not smoke.

(Contd. on page 4)

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(Contd. of page 3)

39.4.1

Protect against electrostatic charges.

· Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities· Storage:· Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed receptacles.Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.· Information about storage in one common storage facility:Do not store together with reducing agents, heavy-metal compounds, acids and alkalis.· Further information about storage conditions:Store at 2 °C to 8 °CKeep container tightly sealed.Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed receptacles.

8 Exposure controls/personal protection

· Additional information about design of technical facilities:Use local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below exposure limitrequirements or guidelines.Technical measures and appropriate working operations should be given priority over the use of personalprotective equipment.

· Control parameters

· Ingredients with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:

108-05-4 vinyl acetate

IOELV (EU) Short-term value: 35,2 mg/m³, 10 ppmLong-term value: 17,6 mg/m³, 5 ppm

TLV (Korea) Short-term value: 15 ppmLong-term value: 10 ppm

· Workers:DNEL (inhalation, chronic effects systemic): 17,6 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, acute effects systemic): 35,2 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, chronic effects local): 17,6 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, acute effects local): 35,2 mg/m³DNEL (oral, chronic effects systemic): 0,42 mg/kg bw/day

· PNECsPNEC(fresh water): 0,016 mg/l with assessment factor of 10PNEC (marine water): 0,0016 mg/l with assessment factor of 100PNEC (intermittent release): 0,126 mg/l with assessment factor of 100PNEC (sewage treatment plant; STP): 6 mg/l with assessment factor of 1PNEC (freshwater sediments): 0,067 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC (marine sediments): 0,0067 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC (soil): 0,0035 mg/kg soil dw

· Exposure controls· Personal protective equipment:· General protective and hygienic measures:Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.Immediately remove all soiled and contaminated clothingWash hands before breaks and at the end of work.Be sure to clean skin thoroughly after work and before breaks.Ensure that washing facilities are available at the work place.

· Respiratory protection:Short term filter device:

(Contd. on page 5)

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(Contd. of page 4)

39.4.1

Filter A/P2In case of brief exposure or low pollution use respiratory filter device. In case of intensive or longerexposure use self-contained respiratory protective device.

· Protection of hands:

Protective gloves

The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of standard EN 374 or its equivalent.Replace gloves immediately when torn or any change in appearance (dimension, colour, flexibility etc) isnoticed.The glove material has to be impermeable and resistant to the product/ the substance/ the preparation.Selection of the glove material on consideration of the penetration times, rates of diffusion and thedegradation· Material of glovesSplash Contact:Butyl rubber, BRRecommended thickness of the material: ≥ 0,7 mmThe selection of the suitable gloves does not only depend on the material, but also on further marks ofquality and varies from manufacturer to manufacturer.· Penetration time of glove materialSplash Contact:Break through time: > 240 minThe exact break through time has to be found out by the manufacturer of the protective gloves and has tobe observed.

· Eye protection:

Safety glasses with side shields conforming to EN166, ANSI 87.1-2010, or equivalent.

· Body protection:Flame retardant antistatic protective clothingThe type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of thedangerous substance at the specific workplace.

9 Physical and chemical properties

· Information on basic physical and chemical properties· General Information· Appearance:

Form: LiquidColour: Colourless

· Odour: Sweetish

· pH-value: Not determined.

· Change in conditionMelting point/Melting range: -93,2 °CBoiling point/Boiling range: 73 °C

· Flash point: -8 °C (closed cup)

· Flammability (solid, gaseous): Not applicable.

· Ignition temperature: 425 °C(Contd. on page 6)

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(Contd. of page 5)

39.4.1

· Decomposition temperature: Not determined.

· Self-igniting: Not determined.

· Danger of explosion: Product is not explosive. However, formation of explosive air/vapour mixtures are possible.

· Explosion limits:Lower: 2,6 Vol %Upper: 13,4 Vol %

· Vapour pressure at 20 °C: 111 hPa

· Density at 20 °C: 0,932 g/cm³· Relative density at 20 °C 0,932· Vapour density 3,0· Evaporation rate Not determined.

· Solubility in / Miscibility withwater at 20 °C: 20 g/l

· Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): 0,73 log POW

· Viscosity:Dynamic: Not determined.Kinematic: Not determined.

· Solvent content:Organic solvents: 0,0 %VOC (EC) 0,00 %

· Other information No further relevant information available.

10 Stability and reactivity

· ReactivityWhen properly handled and stored, no dangerous reaction is known.Vapour may form explosive mixture with air.· Chemical stabilityThis product is stable under prescribed use and storage.Heat-sensitiveSensitivity to light.Sensitive to moisture.Unstable upon depletion of inhibitor.Stabilizer: Hydroquinone· Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:No decomposition if used according to specifications.To avoid thermal decomposition do not overheat.· Possibility of hazardous reactionsDanger of polymerisation.Polymerization may occur under the influence of:light, UV Ray, heat, fire, static discharge, and depleted inhibitor

Exothermic reaction with:TolueneAcids.strong alkalisAldehydeAuminium oxideswater

(Contd. on page 7)

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(Contd. of page 6)

39.4.1

Risk of explosion with:Hydrogen peroxidePeroxi compoundsOxygenPolymerization initiators· Conditions to avoidAvoid static discharge.WarmingHeatingExposure to light.Temperatures above 30 °C.Protect from heat. Keep ignition sources away.· Incompatible materials:Acids.BasesStrong oxidizing agentsPeroxidesAmines.Azo compoundEthyleneimine (Aziridine)EthylenediamineOzone· Hazardous decomposition products:Carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂)AcetaldehydeAcetic AcidDecomposition products depend upon temperature, air supply and the presence of other materials.

11 Toxicological information

· Information on toxicological effects

· Acute toxicity:Harmful if inhaled.May be harmful if swallowed.

· LD/LC50 values relevant for classification:

108-05-4 vinyl acetate

Oral LD50 2920 mg/kg (rat)

Dermal LD50 2335 mg/kg (rabbit)

Inhalative LC50/4 h 14,1 mg/l (rat)

· Skin corrosion/irritation:Not classified based on available data.Rabbit: not irritating (OECD Test Guideline 404)· Serious eye damage/eye irritation:Not classified based on available data.Rabbit: not irritating (OECD Test Guideline 405)· Respiratory or skin sensitization:Not classified based on available data.Mice (Local Lymph Node Assay): Not sensitizing to the skin (OECD Test Guideline 403)· Germ Cell Mutagenicity:Not classified based on available data.In-vitro genotoxicity (non-mammalian cells): negative (OECD 471)In-vivo genotoxicity (mouse): negative (Test Method: N/A)

(Contd. on page 8)

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(Contd. of page 7)

39.4.1

· Carcinogenicity:Suspected of causing cancer.Mouse (oral, long-term exposure): positive (OECD Guideline 453)· Reproductive Toxicity:Not classified based on available data.Rat - Negative (OECD 416)· Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure (STOT SE):May cause respiratory irritation.May cause drowsiness or dizziness.· Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure (STOT RE):Not classified based on available data.· Aspiration Hazard: Not classified based on available data.

· Primary irritant effect:· on the skin: No irritating effect.· on the eye: No irritating effect.· Sensitisation: No sensitising effects known.· CMR effects (carcinogenity, mutagenicity and toxicity for reproduction)Carc. 2

12 Ecological information

· Toxicity· Aquatic toxicity:Not classified based on available data.EC50 (Daphnia Magna, 24hr): 24 mg/L (OECD 202)ErC50 (alga, 72hr): 12,7 mg/L (OECD 201)NOEC (fish, 34d): 0,16 mg/L (OECD 210)

· Persistence and degradabilityEasily biodegradableDegradation : 82% (14d, OECD 301C)

· Bioaccumulative potentialBioaccumulation is unlikely.Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) : 3,16Partition coefficient, n-octanol/water (log Pow) : 0,73

· Mobility in soilHenry's Law Constant (H) : 56,1 Pa/m3.mol. .Partition coefficient, soil organic carbon/water (Koc) : ~60 ; log Koc: 1,7· Additional ecological information:· General notes:Water hazard class 2 (German Regulation) (Assessment by list): hazardous for waterDo not allow product to reach ground water, water course or sewage system.Danger to drinking water if even small quantities leak into the ground.

· Results of PBT and vPvB assessmentSubstance does not meet the criteria for PBT or vPvB according to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, AnnexXIII.· Other adverse effects No further relevant information available.

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(Contd. on page 9)

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(Contd. of page 8)

39.4.1

13 Disposal considerations

· Waste treatment methods· RecommendationAfter prior treatment product has to be disposed of in an incinerator for hazardous waste adhering to theregulations pertaining to the disposal of particularly hazardous waste.Contact waste processors for recycling information.Must not be disposed together with household garbage. Do not allow product to reach sewage system.Any disposal method should also comply with national, regional, provincial, and local laws.

· Uncleaned packaging:· Recommendation:Empty contaminated packagings thoroughly. They may be recycled after thorough and proper cleaning.Disposal must be made according to official regulations.

14 Transport information

· UN-Number· ADR, IMDG, IATA UN1301· UN proper shipping name· ADR 1301 VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED· IMDG, IATA VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED· Transport hazard class(es)

· ADR, IMDG, IATA

· Class 3 Flammable liquids.· Label 3 · Packing group· ADR, IMDG, IATA II· Environmental hazards:· Marine pollutant: No· Special precautions for user Warning: Flammable liquids.· Danger code (Kemler): 339· EMS Number: F-E,S-D

· Transport/Additional information:

· ADR· Limited quantities (LQ) 1L· Transport category 2 · Tunnel restriction code D/E· UN "Model Regulation": UN1301, VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED, 3, II

15 Regulatory information

· Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture

· Status of global inventories:All component(s) within this product is listed or exempted from the following country’s chemical inventory:USA – TSCAAustralia – AICSCanada – DSLChina – IECSC

(Contd. on page 10)

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(Contd. of page 9)

39.4.1

EU – EINECS/NLPJapan – ENCSKorea – KECINew Zealand – NZIoCPhilippines – PICCSTaiwan – ECSI

· Chemical safety assessment: A Chemical Safety Assessment has been carried out.

16 Other information

· Abbreviations and acronyms:ADR: Accord européen sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses par Route (European Agreement concerning theInternational Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road)IMDG: International Maritime Code for Dangerous GoodsIATA: International Air Transport AssociationEINECS: European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical SubstancesELINCS: European LIst of Notified Chemical SubstancesCAS: Chemical Abstracts Service (division of the American Chemical Society)VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds (USA, EU)PNEC: Predicted No-Effect Concentration (REACH)LC50: Lethal concentration, 50 percentLD50: Lethal dose, 50 percentFlam. Liq. 2: Flammable liquids, Hazard Category 2Acute Tox. 5: Acute toxicity, Hazard Category 5Acute Tox. 4: Acute toxicity, Hazard Category 4Carc. 2: Carcinogenicity, Hazard Category 2STOT SE 3: Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure, Hazard Category 3Aquatic Chronic 3: Hazardous to the aquatic environment - Chronic Hazard, Category 3

· SourcesMost toxicological and eco-toxicological data are obtained from European Chemical Agency (ECHA)'spublic dissemination website.http://apps.echa.europa.eu/registered/data/dossiers/DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249/DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249 DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249.html

· General Disclaimers:DCC Group recommends that all the users/customers/recipients to study this Safety Data Sheet (SDS)carefully and understand all the data or any potential hazards associated with this product. Please consultwith appropriate expert if necessary. The information herein is provided in good faith and is believed to beaccurate on the date of issue. No warranty, expressed or implied, is given. It is the customer’s/user’sresponsibility to ensure that they are complying with local, regional, state, provincial, and/or national laws inusing this product, as regulatory requirement may differ at each level. It is also the customer’s/user’sresponsibility to determine the necessary condition required for using this product safely, as actualoperating or usage conditions are beyond DCC Group’s control. DCC Group will not be responsible for anySDS obtained from elsewhere other than from DCC Group. If you are unsure whether the SDS you have iscurrent or have obtained the SDS from another source; please contact us to obtain the latest version.

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3

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H

Material Safety Data SheetStyrene (monomer) MSDS

Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification

Product Name: Styrene (monomer)

Catalog Codes: SLS2512, SLU1027

CAS#: 100-42-5

RTECS: WL3675000

TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Styrene (monomer)

CI#: Not available.

Synonym: Vinylbenzene

Chemical Formula: C8H8

Contact Information:

Sciencelab.com, Inc.14025 Smith Rd.Houston, Texas 77396

US Sales: 1-800-901-7247International Sales: 1-281-441-4400

Order Online: ScienceLab.com

CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:1-800-424-9300

International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887

For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400

Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients

Composition:

Name CAS # % by Weight

Styrene (monomer) 100-42-5 100

Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Styrene (monomer): ORAL (LD50): Acute: 2650 mg/kg [Rat]. 316 mg/kg [Mouse].VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 12000 ppm 4 hour(s) [Rat]. 9500 ppm 4 hour(s) [Mouse].

Section 3: Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant). Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of ingestion, ofinhalation. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.

Potential Chronic Health Effects:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (PROVEN) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. A4 (Notclassifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Notavailable. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.

Section 4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:

http://www.sciencelab.com/

p. 2

Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelidsopen. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with runningwater and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cover the irritated skin with anemollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated clothing before reusing.

Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medicalattention.

Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.

Serious Inhalation: Not available.

Ingestion:Do not induce vomiting. Examine the lips and mouth to ascertain whether the tissues are damaged, a possible indication thatthe toxic material was ingested; the absence of such signs, however, is not conclusive. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar,tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.

Serious Ingestion: Not available.

Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data

Flammability of the Product: Flammable.

Auto-Ignition Temperature: 490°C (914°F)

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 31.1°C (88°F). (Cleveland) OPEN CUP: 36.7°C (98.1°F) (TAG).

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.1% UPPER: 6.1%

Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product inpresence of static discharge: Not available.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam,water spray or fog. Cool containing vessels with water jet in order to prevent pressure build-up, autoignition or explosion.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.

Section 6: Accidental Release Measures

Small Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal.

Large Spill:Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth,sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confinedareas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level aboveTLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.

Section 7: Handling and Storage

p. 3

Precautions:Keep locked up Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Donot ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapour/spray. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment Ifingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes

Storage:Flammable materials should be stored in a separate safety storage cabinet or room. Keep away from heat. Keep away fromsources of ignition. Keep container tightly closed. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. Ground all equipment containingmaterial. A refrigerated room would be preferable for materials with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F).

Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Engineering Controls:Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respectivethreshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location.

Personal Protection:Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoidinhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling thisproduct.

Exposure Limits:TWA: 50 STEL: 100 (ppm) TWA: 213 STEL: 426 (mg/m3) Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.

Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical state and appearance: Liquid. (Clear viscous liquid.)

Odor: Sweetish. Aromatic.

Taste: Not available.

Molecular Weight: 104.14 g/mole

Color: Colorless.

pH (1% soln/water): Not available.

Boiling Point: 145.2°C (293.4°F)

Melting Point: -30.6°C (-23.1°F)

Critical Temperature: Not available.

Specific Gravity: 0.906 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure: 4.5 mm of Hg (@ 20°C)

Vapor Density: 3.59 (Air = 1)

Volatility: Not available.

Odor Threshold: 0.1 ppm

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is equally soluble in oil and water; log(oil/water) = 0

Ionicity (in Water): Not available.

Dispersion Properties: Not available.

Solubility: Very slightly soluble in cold water.

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Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data

Stability: The product is stable.

Instability Temperature: Not available.

Conditions of Instability: Not available.

Incompatibility with various substances: Not available.

Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.

Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available.

Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.

Polymerization: No.

Section 11: Toxicological Information

Routes of Entry: Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.

Toxicity to Animals:WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oraltoxicity (LD50): 316 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 9500 ppm 4 hour(s) [Mouse].

Chronic Effects on Humans:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (PROVEN) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. A4 (Notclassifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. The substance is toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.

Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of ingestion, of inhalation.

Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.

Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:Animal embryotoxic. Postnatal development injury in animal. Menstrual disorders in human. Human: passes the placentalbarrier, detected in maternal milk.

Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Not available.

Section 12: Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Not available.

BOD5 and COD: Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.

Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic.

Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

Section 13: Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal:

Section 14: Transport Information

DOT Classification: Class 3: Flammable liquid.

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Identification: : Styrene monomer, inhibited : UN2055 PG: III

Special Provisions for Transport: Marine Pollutant

Section 15: Other Regulatory Information

Federal and State Regulations:Pennsylvania RTK: Styrene (monomer) Florida: Styrene (monomer) Minnesota: Styrene (monomer) Massachusetts RTK:Styrene (monomer) New Jersey: Styrene (monomer) TSCA 8(b) inventory: Styrene (monomer) SARA 313 toxic chemicalnotification and release reporting: Styrene (monomer) CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Styrene (monomer)

Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Other Classifications:

WHMIS (Canada):CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects(VERY TOXIC).

DSCL (EEC):R10- Flammable. R38- Irritating to skin. R41- Risk of serious damage to eyes. R45- May cause cancer.

HMIS (U.S.A.):

Health Hazard: 2

Fire Hazard: 3

Reactivity: 0

Personal Protection: h

National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):

Health: 2

Flammability: 3

Reactivity: 2

Specific hazard:

Protective Equipment:Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respiratorwhen ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

Section 16: Other Information

References: Not available.

Other Special Considerations: Not available.

Created: 10/09/2005 06:40 PM

Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM

The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, wemake no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assumeno liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information fortheir particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or forlost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.comhas been advised of the possibility of such damages.

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Material Safety Data SheetMaleic anhydride MSDS

Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification

Product Name: Maleic anhydride

Catalog Codes: SLM1405

CAS#: 108-31-6

RTECS: ON3675000

TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Maleic anhydride

CI#: Not applicable.

Synonym: Toxilic anhydride

Chemical Name: 2,5-Furandione

Chemical Formula: C4H2O3

Contact Information:

Sciencelab.com, Inc.14025 Smith Rd.Houston, Texas 77396

US Sales: 1-800-901-7247International Sales: 1-281-441-4400

Order Online: ScienceLab.com

CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:1-800-424-9300

International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887

For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400

Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients

Composition:

Name CAS # % by Weight

Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 100

Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Maleic anhydride: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 481 mg/kg [Rat.]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 2620mg/kg [Rabbit.].

Section 3: Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), ofinhalation. Corrosive to eyes and skin. The amount of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can result incorneal damage or blindness. Skin contact can produce inflammation and blistering. Inhalation of dust will produce irritationto gastro-intestinal or respiratory tract, characterized by burning, sneezing and coughing. Severe over-exposure can producelung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death.

Potential Chronic Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), ofinhalation. CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS:Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes. Repeatedor prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure of the eyes to a low level ofdust can produce eye irritation. Repeated skin exposure can produce local skin destruction, or dermatitis. Repeated inhalationof dust can produce varying degree of respiratory irritation or lung damage.

http://www.sciencelab.com/

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Section 4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact:Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelidsopen. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention.

Skin Contact:If the chemical got onto the clothed portion of the body, remove the contaminated clothes as quickly as possible, protectingyour own hands and body. Place the victim under a deluge shower. If the chemical got on the victim's exposed skin, suchas the hands : Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularlycareful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cold water may be used. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Washcontaminated clothing before reusing.

Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medicalattention.

Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.

Serious Inhalation:Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Ifbreathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It maybe hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious orcorrosive. Seek immediate medical attention.

Ingestion:Do not induce vomiting. Examine the lips and mouth to ascertain whether the tissues are damaged, a possible indication thatthe toxic material was ingested; the absence of such signs, however, is not conclusive. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar,tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.

Serious Ingestion: Not available.

Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data

Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.

Auto-Ignition Temperature: 476.67°C (890°F)

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 103.33°C (218°F).

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.4% UPPER: 7.1%

Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not available.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product inpresence of static discharge: Not available.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. Material in powder form, capable of creating a dust explosion. When heated todecomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.

Section 6: Accidental Release Measures

Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container.

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Large Spill:Corrosive solid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray toreduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Callfor assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on theMSDS and with local authorities.

Section 7: Handling and Storage

Precautions:Keep container dry. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporatethe residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Never addwater to this product Wear suitable protective clothing In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment Ifingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes Keep awayfrom incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, moisture.

Storage:Keep container dry. Keep in a cool place. Ground all equipment containing material. Corrosive materials should be stored in aseparate safety storage cabinet or room.

Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Engineering Controls:Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommendedexposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminantsbelow the exposure limit.

Personal Protection:Splash goggles. Synthetic apron. Vapor and dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.Gloves.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor and dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used toavoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handlingthis product.

Exposure Limits:TWA: 0.25 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) TWA: 1 (mg/m3) from ACGIH Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.

Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Crystals solid.)

Odor: Not available.

Taste: Not available.

Molecular Weight: 98.06 g/mole

Color: White.

pH (1% soln/water): 7 [Neutral.]

Boiling Point: 202°C (395.6°F)

Melting Point: 52.8°C (127°F)

Critical Temperature: Not available.

Specific Gravity: 1.48 (Water = 1)

p. 4

Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.

Vapor Density: 3.4 (Air = 1)

Volatility: Not available.

Odor Threshold: Not available.

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available.

Ionicity (in Water): Not available.

Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.

Solubility:Soluble in cold water, hot water. Very slightly soluble in methanol.

Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data

Stability: The product is stable.

Instability Temperature: Not available.

Conditions of Instability: Not available.

Incompatibility with various substances:Reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, moisture. Slightly reactive to reactive with metals, alkalis.

Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.

Special Remarks on Reactivity: May decompose on exposure to moist air or water.

Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.

Polymerization: No.

Section 11: Toxicological Information

Routes of Entry: Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.

Toxicity to Animals:Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 481 mg/kg [Rat.]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 2620 mg/kg [Rabbit.].

Chronic Effects on Humans: The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes.

Other Toxic Effects on Humans:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of inhalation.

Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.

Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Exposure will cause asthma, dermatitis and pulmonary oedema; effectsmay be delayed. Tumorigen.

Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Sternutator.

Section 12: Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Not available.

BOD5 and COD: Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.

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Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic.

Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

Section 13: Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal:

Section 14: Transport Information

DOT Classification: CLASS 8: Corrosive solid.

Identification: : Maleic anhydride : UN2215 PG: III

Special Provisions for Transport: Not available.

Section 15: Other Regulatory Information

Federal and State Regulations:Pennsylvania RTK: Maleic anhydride Massachusetts RTK: Maleic anhydride TSCA 8(b) inventory: Maleic anhydride SARA313 toxic chemical notification and release reporting: Maleic anhydride CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Maleic anhydride

Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Other Classifications:

WHMIS (Canada):CLASS D-1B: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (TOXIC). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects(VERY TOXIC). CLASS E: Corrosive solid.

DSCL (EEC): R36/38- Irritating to eyes and skin.

HMIS (U.S.A.):

Health Hazard: 3

Fire Hazard: 1

Reactivity: 2

Personal Protection: j

National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):

Health: 3

Flammability: 1

Reactivity: 1

Specific hazard:

Protective Equipment:Gloves. Synthetic apron. Vapor and dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wearappropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.

Section 16: Other Information

References:-Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987. -Material safetydata sheet emitted by: la Commission de la SantÃ© et de la SÃ©curitÃ© du Travail du QuÃ©bec. -SAX, N.I. Dangerous

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Properties of Indutrial Materials. Toronto, Van Nostrand Reinold, 6e ed. 1984. -The Sigma-Aldrich Library of Chemical SafetyData, Edition II. -Guide de la loi et du rÃ¨glement sur le transport des marchandises dangeureuses au canada. Centre deconformitÃ© internatinal LtÃ©e. 1986.

Other Special Considerations: Not available.

Created: 10/11/2005 12:17 PM

Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM

The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, wemake no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assumeno liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information fortheir particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or forlost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.comhas been advised of the possibility of such damages.

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Transcript of CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES · The HIRA worksheet is presented as below. EIA R EPORT F OR P...