379

Chapter-5

Conclusions

In this research work a HVDC model is proposed for the analysis of

various operating conditions. The faults generally occurred on the

transmission line such as AC faults on the rectifier side and inverter

side, the DC line fault on the transmission line at various distances have

been analyzed using Fast Fourier Transforms(FFT), Artificial Neural

Networks (ANN) and Wavelet Transforms(WT). The DC voltage and

current at the rectifier were recorded.

The following observations have been made from the recorded

characteristics of the voltage and current.

During the normal operating condition of the HVDC system, it will

transmit power satisfactorily with both the voltage and currents observed

to be at 1 p.u.

During DC line faults, the line voltage at the rectifier is oscillating

till the fault has been cleared. Similar types of characteristics have been

obtained for all the fault resistances. However the DC line current rises

to 2 p.u. in 0.01sec. The system starts recovering after the clearance of

the fault.

380

During the AC faults on the AC side of the rectifier the DC line

voltage is positive and is oscillating between 2p.u. and 0 p.u. The AC

voltage on the inverter side has no significant impact due to this fault.

However the currents on the AC side are almost zero at the time of fault.

For the analysis and identification of HVDC system faults a

technique based on the reverse voltage travelling wave (RVTW) has been

proposed in this thesis. The RVTW is calculated for all the operating

conditions of the HVDC system. It is observed that the magnitude of the

RVTW is low for normal operating system when compared to that of a

fault condition. The RVTW has been analyzed by using FFT analysis.

It is observed from the FFT plot for various operating conditions of

HVDC that the dominant frequency during the normal operating

condition is around 600Hz and the magnitude of the dominant frequency

is very low when compared to the fault conditions.

The dominant frequency for the DC line fault is inversely

proportional to the location of the fault i.e. as the distance increases the

frequency decreases. The magnitude of the dominant frequency is

observed to be varying with the fault resistance. However, the variation

in the fault resistance has no impact over the frequency. Hence it can be

stated that for the location of the faults the RVTW technique is more

effective.

381

During the AC faults on the AC side of the rectifier the dominant

frequency is observed to be the 2nd harmonic frequency (120Hz) and the

magnitude of frequency component is very much high for all the faults

such as LG, LLG and LLL faults.

During the AC faults on the AC side of the inverter the dominant

frequency is observed to be near the 2nd harmonic frequency (100Hz)

and the magnitude of frequency component is very much high for all the

faults such as LG, LLG and LLL faults.

The RVTW also been analyzed by using Artificial Neural Networks.

For this purpose the RVTW has been sampled at regular intervals of 0.8

milliseconds by considering the local maximum values during this

period. The normalized data from the local maximum values has been

used for training and testing the ANN. From the test results of the ANN,

it is proved that the local maximum values are having a clear edge in

identifying and locating the faults of the HVDC transmission system.

By using the wavelet analysis technique the reverse voltage

travelling wave (RVTW) has been decomposed in to four levels using

daubeches4 wavelet as the mother wavelet. The observations made from

the analysis of level 1 wavelet coefficients are:

During the normal operating conditions, the energy of the wavelet

coefficients is less than 4.

382

The energy of the wavelet coefficients for DC line faults is more

than 100 for various fault resistance.

The energy of the wavelet coefficient is in between 5 to 50 for the

AC faults both on the rectifier and inverter side.

Hence the faults on the HVDC transmission system can be

classified by considering the energy of the level 1 wavelet coefficients. For

the location of the faults on the HVDC transmission line the time interval

between the first two peaks of level 1 coefficients of RVTW has been used.

Among all the techniques for the classification and location of

faults in HVDC transmission system the wavelet based classification and

location techniques are proved to be more efficient and accurate.

However ANN based techniques are also competent in identifying and

locating the faults on HVDV transmission system. The major draw backs

of ANN based techniques is that they require huge amount of data and

computing time for training. The performance of the ANN is mostly

dependent on the quantity of data used for training the network. It is

observed from the comparison of the above three techniques for the

location of faults on the DC transmission line, the technique using the

wavelet coefficients is very much efficient than FFT and ANN.

Converter transformers are the major components of HVDC system

which are the interface between AC and DC systems. Therefore it is

383

subjected to more amount of stress. The integrity of the transformer

mainly depends on the insulation. As the transformer is subjected to

various types of stresses such as lightening and switching, to achieve the

satisfactory operation and to identify various types of faults in the

transformer a most reliable and effective testing technique should be

adopted. A 315 MVA, single Phase, three winding converter transformer

has been considered for this analysis. From the configuration of the

windings in the transformer the internal inductances and capacitances

have been calculated. This equivalent circuit has been used for the

generation of neutral currents for various test conditions of the

transformer. The faults such as - turn to turn fault, turn to ground fault,

winding to winding fault, have been created on the converter transformer

model and the neutral current has been stored. The neutral current has

been analyzed using FFT, ANN and wavelet techniques.

From FFT plot of the neutral current signal, it is observed that the

DC component available during the normal operating condition is low

when compared to that of other operating conditions. The DC component

during the fault condition is more predominant. It is observed that in

case of turn to ground fault the DC component in the neutral current

depends on the position of the fault. However the magnitude of the DC

component for the section to section fault is independent of the location

of fault.

384

The neutral current obtained during normal operating condition

has been decomposed into various frequency components and the

neutral current has been reconstructed using Gabor wavelet. This

method can be adopted for de-noising of the neutral current signal.

The neutral current data for various operating conditions has been

analyzed using ANN. The ANN training and testing data has been

generated by taking the local maximum value of the neutral currents

considered for a duration of 6.4 s. The results show that the ANN based

technique based on the local maximum value is more capable of

classifying the types of faults in the converter transformer.

The neutral current obtained from the HVDC transformer model

also been analyzed by using wavelet transform technique. The data has

been analyzed by using debauches wavelet and decomposed in 8 levels.

The normalized output of the low pass filter is used to train the ANN

using feed forward back propagation algorithm. The results show that

wavelet based techniques for the classification of faults in converter

transformer is most efficient and effective than the ANN based

techniques.

To validate the above analysis a typical winding structure has been

considered for experimental study. The following conclusions were drawn

from the experimental study. The digital recording of neutral currents in

the HV and taping windings of a 61MVA, 11kV/220kV transformer has

385

been carried out by applying a Low voltage impulse at one of the terminal

for various test conditions of the winding. However the core has been

removed. The changes in the neutral current characteristics depend

primarily on the extent of failure. The neutral currents are recorded

using digital oscilloscope for healthy winding and also by shorting several

pairs of discs and turns in succession. The recorded neutral currents are

analyzed by using FFT and wavelet transform and different plots

obtained for each case have been presented. The absolute 8th level

wavelet coefficients have been normalized and are used to train and test

the ANN. The test results of the ANN have been presented. From the

experimental analysis it is observed that to obtain more accuracy more

amounts of data required for the training of ANN.

Hence it can be concluded that the wavelet transform technique is

a more efficient tool in the classification and location of faults in HVDC

system. In this thesis the HVDC system faults i.e. the faults in the

transmission line, converter transformer were analyzed by using FFT,

ANN and Wavelet Transform (WT) Techniques and the analysis based on

the wavelet transform technique has been identified as a most efficient

tool in the classification and location of faults. By just knowing the

length of the transmission line and time between the first two peaks of

the reverse voltage travelling wave, considering the velocity of the wave as

light velocity the location of the fault on the long DC transmission line

386

can be determined. It is also possible to de-noise the signal using wavelet

transform technique to obtain more accurate fault location.

387

Scope of Future work

This dissertation has made an extensive effort in analyzing various

faults associated with HVDC system. The faults such as single line to

ground fault, double line to ground fault and symmetrical faults on AC

side of rectifier and inverter, DC line faults were extensively studied in

this dissertation. The faults associated with the converter transformer

such as inter turn faults, inter winding faults and ground faults were

analyzed by using different fault analysis techniques.

Further work can be extended in the following areas:

The modeling of bi-polar HVDC system and analysis of faults in bi-

polar HVDC system.

The VSC HVDC model response for various fault conditions and

identification of faults.

For the detailed analysis of the converter transformer, it is required

to divide the transformer windings into more number of sections in order

to get more amounts of data to train the neural network to have better

accuracy. The future work can be extended in developing the transformer

model by considering the core into account. For the power frequency

388

simulation of the converter transformer it is required to consider the core

of the transformer.

The analysis of the converter transformer based on the adoptive

wavelet technique which may provide a better solution in identifying the

type of the fault prevailing in the converter transformer.

The converter transformer can also be analyzed by using coherence

function which may give more accurate results in identifying and locating

the converter transformer faults.

The same techniques may also be implemented in reactors for

identification and location of faults.

389

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409

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS FROM THIS THESIS

[1] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P.

Singh,“Wavelet Transform approach for Detection and Location of

Faults in HVDC System”, IEEE Region 10 colloquium and the third

ICIIS, Kharagpur, India, December 8-10, 2008, pp. 1-6

[2] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P. Singh,

“HVDC transmission System fault Diagnosis and location using

Artificial Neural Networks” International Conference on Energy and

Environment, EnviroEnergy 2009, March 19-21, 2009, pp. 847-

851.

[3] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P. Singh,

“Internal Fault Diagnosis of HVDC Converter Transformer using

wavelet Transform Technique”, 16th International Symposium on

High Voltage(ISH-2009), Capetown, South Africa, 24th – 28th Aug

2009. pp. 1611-1614.

[4] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P. Singh,

“Classification of internal faults of a converter transformer using

Wavelet Transforms”, Third International Conference on Power

Systems (ICPS-2009), Kharagpur, India, 27-29 December, 2009.

(Accepted for oral presentation)

[5] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P. Singh,

“Location of faults in HVDC converter transformer using wavelet

techniques”, TRAFOTECH-2010. Accepted for presentation

[6] Pannala Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.

Murali Krishna, “Recognition of faults in HVDC system by wavelet

analysis” J. Curr.Sci. 12(1), (2008), Pp. 33-42.

410

[7] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath and B.P. Singh, “Reconstruction of

HVDC Converter Transformer Neutral Current using Gabor

Wavelet”, Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers

Association (IEEMA JOURNAL), JUNE 2009, pp.118-121.

[8] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, S. Kamakshaiah and B.P. Singh,

“ANN Based Internal Fault Diagnosis of HVDC converter

Transformer” International Journal of Applied Engineering

Research (IJAER)" Vol.4 No.6, 2009, pp 867-876.

[9] P Krishna Murthy, J. Amarnath, and S. Kamakshaiah, “HVDC

transmission line fault location using FFT analysis”, International

Journal of Applied Engineering Research (IJAER) Communicated.

411

ANNEXURE - I

Specifications of HVDC system model

AC Terminal equipment:

5000MVA equivalent at Rectifier:

VL = 500 kV

f = 60 Hz

Connection: Y Grounded

Source inductance= 98.03 mH

Parallel RL Branch connected in series with the AC source:

R = 26.07

L = 48.86 mH

10000MVA equivalent at Inverter:

VL = 345 kV

f = 50 Hz

Connection: Y Grounded

Source inductance= 28.0 mH

Parallel RL Branch connected in series with the AC source:

R = 6.205

L = 13.96 mH

412

AC filters:

60Hz, 600MVAR AC filter bank at rectifier

150 MVAR shunt capacitor bank

Tuned filters

11th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =100.

13th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =100.

24th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =3.

50Hz, 600MVAR AC filter bank at Invertor

150 MVAR shunt capacitor bank

Tuned filters

11th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =100.

13th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =100.

24th Harmonic filter, 150 MVAR, Q =3.

Converter Transformers:

Converter Transformer at rectifier:

Rating: 1200MVA

f = 60Hz

HVAC winding Equivalent circuit Parameters:

VL = 500 kV

Tap = 0.9 (fixed)

R1 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L1 = 0 (p.u.)

Connection: Y ground

HVDC winding Equivalent circuit Parameters:

V2 = 200 kV

R2 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L2 = 0.24 (p.u.)

Connection: Y

413

HVDC winding Equivalent circuit Parameters:

V2 = 200 kV

R2 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L2 = 0.24 (p.u.)

Connection:

Magnetizing Resistance (Rm) = 500 (p.u.)

Magnetizing Reactance (Lm) = 500 (p.u.)

Converter Transformer at Inverter:

Rating: 1200MVA

f = 50Hz

HVAC winding Equivalent circuit Parameters:

VL = 345 kV

Tap = 0.96 (fixed)

R1 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L1 = 0 (p.u.)

Connection: Y ground

HVDC winding Equivalent circuit Parameters:

V2 = 200 kV

HVDC – winding – 1 Equivalent circuit Parameters:

V2 = 200 kV

R2 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L2 = 0.24 (p.u.)

Connection: Y

HVDC winding - 2 Equivalent circuit Parameters:

V2 = 200 kV

R2 = 0.0025 (p.u.)

L2 = 0.24 (p.u.)

Connection:

Magnetizing Resistance (Rm) = 500 (p.u.)

Magnetizing Reactance (Lm) = 500 (p.u.)

414

Each Six Pulse Thyristor Bridge Ratings:

No. of Bridge arms: 3

Snubbed Resistance: Rs = 2000

Snubber Capacitance Cs= 0.1 f

Ron=1 m

Lon=0 H

Forward Voltage Vf= 0 V

Smothing Reactors:

R = 1

L = 0.5 H

HVDC transmission Line Parameters:

Distributed Parameter Line

f = 60 Hz

R = 0.015 /kM

L = 0.0792 mH/kM

C = 14.4 nf/kM

Line length = 300 kM

415

ANNEXURE – II

The digitalized reverse voltage travelling wave obtained during the

following operating conditions of the HVDC system:

Normal operating condition

DC fault at 50 kM away from the rectifier with a fault resistance of

1.

LG fault on the AC side of the inverter

Time (ms) no fault (V) DC fault(V) LG fault (V)

1.00E-05 14.94 14.96 14.96

2.00E-05 14.88 14.88 14.88

3.00E-05 14.83 14.86 14.86

4.00E-05 14.78 14.80 14.80

5.00E-05 14.70 14.71 14.71

6.00E-05 14.54 14.55 14.55

7.00E-05 14.38 14.39 14.39

8.00E-05 14.22 14.22 14.22

9.00E-05 14.09 14.09 14.09

1.00E-04 13.95 13.95 13.95

1.10E-04 13.83 13.83 13.83

1.20E-04 13.76 13.76 13.76

1.30E-04 13.73 13.70 13.70

1.40E-04 13.72 13.71 13.71

1.50E-04 13.78 13.08 13.76

1.60E-04 13.90 11.07 13.76

1.70E-04 14.04 8.48 13.65

1.80E-04 14.23 5.97 13.45

1.90E-04 14.38 3.52 13.12

2.00E-04 14.56 1.12 12.69

2.10E-04 14.63 -1.27 12.12

2.20E-04 14.68 -3.68 11.46

2.30E-04 14.68 -6.10 10.69

2.40E-04 14.63 -8.54 9.82

2.50E-04 14.53 -11.01 8.88

2.60E-04 14.38 -13.50 7.89

2.70E-04 14.25 -15.98 6.88

2.80E-04 14.07 -18.45 5.81

2.90E-04 13.89 -20.92 4.74

3.00E-04 13.71 -23.38 3.66

3.10E-04 13.53 -25.83 2.58

3.20E-04 13.34 -28.28 1.49

3.30E-04 13.15 -30.70 0.40

3.40E-04 12.95 -33.12 -0.69

3.50E-04 12.79 -35.51 -1.75

3.60E-04 12.60 -37.90 -2.82

3.70E-04 12.46 -40.26 -3.85

3.80E-04 12.30 -42.57 -4.88

3.90E-04 12.21 -44.86 -5.85

4.00E-04 12.14 -47.08 -6.77

4.10E-04 12.13 -49.07 -7.64

4.20E-04 12.16 -50.32 -8.45

4.30E-04 12.25 -50.52 -9.21

4.40E-04 12.40 -50.00 -9.89

4.50E-04 12.56 -49.34 -10.55

4.60E-04 12.77 -48.75 -11.16

416

4.70E-04 12.96 -48.21 -11.78

4.80E-04 13.17 -47.76 -12.38

4.90E-04 13.35 -47.37 -13.00

5.00E-04 13.49 -47.06 -13.65

5.10E-04 13.62 -46.81 -14.32

5.20E-04 13.67 -46.66 -15.05

5.30E-04 13.70 -46.58 -15.80

5.40E-04 13.70 -57.41 -16.58

5.50E-04 13.68 -116.96 -17.38

5.60E-04 13.64 -217.18 -18.19

5.70E-04 13.59 -281.42 -19.00

5.80E-04 13.50 -294.15 -19.85

5.90E-04 13.37 -294.21 -20.74

6.00E-04 13.21 -294.26 -21.66

6.10E-04 13.02 -294.36 -22.59

6.20E-04 12.83 -294.46 -23.54

6.30E-04 12.64 -294.58 -24.47

6.40E-04 12.46 -294.77 -25.40

6.50E-04 12.30 -294.98 -26.30

6.60E-04 12.17 -295.27 -27.17

6.70E-04 12.07 -295.62 -28.00

6.80E-04 12.01 -296.25 -28.80

6.90E-04 11.97 -297.57 -29.57

7.00E-04 11.97 -299.69 -30.29

7.10E-04 12.01 -302.32 -30.97

7.20E-04 12.08 -305.04 -31.63

7.30E-04 12.22 -307.65 -32.20

7.40E-04 12.40 -310.13 -32.74

7.50E-04 12.60 -312.50 -33.24

7.60E-04 12.83 -314.73 -33.73

7.70E-04 13.02 -316.92 -34.24

7.80E-04 13.19 -319.12 -34.74

7.90E-04 13.36 -321.32 -35.30

8.00E-04 13.50 -326.11 -35.87

8.10E-04 13.60 -348.01 -36.46

8.20E-04 13.68 -406.63 -37.09

8.30E-04 13.72 -488.76 -37.74

8.40E-04 13.77 -549.99 -38.42

8.50E-04 13.78 -572.39 -39.08

8.60E-04 13.79 -574.92 -39.78

8.70E-04 13.80 -574.19 -40.49

8.80E-04 13.81 -573.45 -41.17

8.90E-04 13.83 -572.79 -41.87

9.00E-04 13.86 -572.12 -42.58

9.10E-04 13.93 -571.51 -43.24

9.20E-04 14.00 -570.90 -43.88

9.30E-04 14.13 -570.29 -44.50

9.40E-04 14.28 -569.63 -45.10

9.50E-04 14.43 -568.77 -45.69

9.60E-04 14.61 -567.46 -46.25

9.70E-04 14.68 -565.49 -46.87

9.80E-04 14.73 -562.99 -47.51

9.90E-04 14.75 -560.28 -48.17

1.00E-03 14.78 -557.53 -48.79

1.01E-03 14.83 -554.83 -49.42

1.02E-03 14.88 -552.18 -50.04

1.03E-03 14.95 -549.54 -50.67

1.04E-03 15.00 -547.01 -51.26

1.05E-03 15.07 -544.60 -51.89

1.06E-03 15.15 -542.28 -52.52

1.07E-03 15.20 -540.02 -53.18

1.08E-03 15.22 -537.86 -53.86

1.09E-03 15.22 -535.73 -54.59

1.10E-03 15.19 -533.64 -55.32

1.11E-03 15.16 -531.56 -56.11

1.12E-03 15.08 -529.50 -56.92

1.13E-03 15.00 -527.43 -57.73

1.14E-03 14.93 -525.40 -58.56

1.15E-03 14.87 -523.39 -59.35

1.16E-03 14.79 -521.43 -60.15

1.17E-03 14.66 -519.55 -61.01

1.18E-03 14.53 -517.69 -61.87

1.19E-03 14.44 -515.91 -62.75

1.20E-03 14.37 -514.18 -63.62

1.21E-03 14.28 -512.63 -64.48

1.22E-03 14.25 -511.40 -65.32

1.23E-03 14.23 -510.72 -66.15

1.24E-03 14.20 -510.66 -66.95

1.25E-03 14.20 -511.10 -67.77

1.26E-03 14.20 -511.75 -68.59

1.27E-03 14.20 -512.36 -69.41

1.28E-03 14.20 -512.81 -70.23

1.29E-03 14.19 -513.09 -71.07

1.30E-03 14.19 -513.24 -71.89

1.31E-03 14.20 -513.25 -72.72

1.32E-03 14.21 -513.17 -73.54

417

1.33E-03 14.25 -513.01 -74.36

1.34E-03 14.27 -512.80 -75.18

1.35E-03 14.30 -512.56 -76.01

1.36E-03 14.32 -512.27 -76.85

1.37E-03 14.32 -511.96 -77.73

1.38E-03 14.30 -511.60 -78.60

1.39E-03 14.27 -511.21 -79.51

1.40E-03 14.23 -510.77 -80.41

1.41E-03 14.19 -510.33 -81.33

1.42E-03 14.18 -509.85 -82.25

1.43E-03 14.18 -509.35 -83.13

1.44E-03 14.19 -508.82 -84.02

1.45E-03 14.20 -508.28 -84.89

1.46E-03 14.27 -507.74 -85.74

1.47E-03 14.33 -507.12 -86.58

1.48E-03 14.41 -506.40 -87.40

1.49E-03 14.53 -505.40 -88.22

1.50E-03 14.66 -503.98 -89.06

1.51E-03 14.81 -502.07 -89.97

1.52E-03 14.98 -499.75 -90.92

1.53E-03 15.13 -497.27 -91.96

1.54E-03 15.27 -494.77 -93.13

1.55E-03 15.37 -492.35 -94.36

1.56E-03 15.44 -490.00 -95.70

1.57E-03 15.49 -487.73 -97.14

1.58E-03 15.51 -485.50 -98.63

1.59E-03 15.50 -483.34 -100.19

1.60E-03 15.45 -481.21 -101.78

1.61E-03 15.42 -479.12 -103.40

1.62E-03 15.34 -477.04 -105.03

1.63E-03 15.29 -475.01 -106.67

1.64E-03 15.21 -473.03 -108.32

1.65E-03 15.14 -471.08 -110.00

1.66E-03 15.06 -469.20 -111.66

1.67E-03 14.97 -467.42 -113.32

1.68E-03 14.89 -465.70 -114.97

1.69E-03 14.79 -464.06 -116.61

1.70E-03 14.65 -462.49 -118.21

1.71E-03 14.49 -460.99 -119.83

1.72E-03 14.32 -459.53 -121.42

1.73E-03 14.16 -458.12 -123.03

1.74E-03 14.01 -456.78 -124.62

1.75E-03 13.89 -455.64 -126.19

1.76E-03 13.80 -454.82 -127.75

1.77E-03 13.74 -454.48 -129.33

1.78E-03 13.72 -454.67 -130.92

1.79E-03 13.72 -455.26 -132.60

1.80E-03 13.73 -456.10 -134.34

1.81E-03 13.74 -457.00 -136.18

1.82E-03 13.71 -457.80 -138.10

1.83E-03 13.69 -458.49 -140.11

1.84E-03 13.66 -459.02 -142.18

1.85E-03 13.61 -459.32 -144.28

1.86E-03 13.53 -458.83 -146.44

1.87E-03 13.44 -455.30 -148.61

1.88E-03 13.29 -443.51 -150.81

1.89E-03 13.15 -416.72 -153.02

1.90E-03 12.96 -372.95 -155.23

1.91E-03 12.79 -320.46 -157.43

1.92E-03 12.62 -274.19 -159.61

1.93E-03 12.44 -244.64 -161.75

1.94E-03 12.28 -231.70 -163.89

1.95E-03 12.11 -228.87 -166.00

1.96E-03 11.94 -230.03 -168.06

1.97E-03 11.79 -232.07 -170.09

1.98E-03 11.66 -234.17 -172.10

1.99E-03 11.55 -236.19 -174.03

2.00E-03 11.46 -238.12 -175.93

2.01E-03 11.39 -239.89 -177.76

2.02E-03 11.36 -241.41 -179.53

2.03E-03 11.40 -242.55 -181.21

2.04E-03 11.45 -243.23 -182.84

2.05E-03 11.57 -243.44 -184.40

2.06E-03 11.72 -243.33 -185.88

2.07E-03 11.90 -243.12 -187.30

2.08E-03 12.09 -242.93 -188.71

2.09E-03 12.30 -242.89 -190.06

2.10E-03 12.52 -243.02 -191.40

2.11E-03 12.76 -243.28 -192.70

2.12E-03 12.97 -243.42 -193.97

2.13E-03 13.19 -242.57 -195.24

2.14E-03 13.37 -238.20 -196.50

2.15E-03 13.52 -225.50 -197.79

2.16E-03 13.63 -199.37 -199.07

2.17E-03 13.75 -159.23 -200.34

2.18E-03 13.84 -112.46 -201.62

418

2.19E-03 13.90 -71.24 -202.89

2.20E-03 13.97 -44.55 -204.12

2.21E-03 14.04 -33.27 -205.34

2.22E-03 14.12 -32.40 -206.55

2.23E-03 14.19 -36.27 -207.73

2.24E-03 14.29 -41.61 -208.89

2.25E-03 14.40 -47.17 -210.02

2.26E-03 14.53 -52.76 -211.08

2.27E-03 14.68 -58.36 -212.11

2.28E-03 14.81 -64.03 -213.10

2.29E-03 14.87 -69.74 -214.02

2.30E-03 14.84 -75.66 -214.93

2.31E-03 14.75 -81.80 -215.80

2.32E-03 14.65 -88.27 -216.63

2.33E-03 14.52 -94.99 -217.44

2.34E-03 14.41 -101.90 -218.21

2.35E-03 14.32 -108.88 -218.92

2.36E-03 14.27 -115.82 -219.61

2.37E-03 14.23 -122.72 -220.24

2.38E-03 14.25 -129.57 -220.86

2.39E-03 14.28 -136.28 -221.42

2.40E-03 14.33 -142.81 -222.00

2.41E-03 14.39 -149.20 -222.52

2.42E-03 14.42 -155.40 -223.04

2.43E-03 14.42 -161.38 -223.56

2.44E-03 14.43 -167.23 -224.07

2.45E-03 14.43 -172.95 -224.59

2.46E-03 14.38 -178.56 -225.08

2.47E-03 14.35 -184.08 -225.57

2.48E-03 14.30 -189.50 -226.08

2.49E-03 14.26 -194.85 -226.56

2.50E-03 14.24 -200.08 -227.03

2.51E-03 14.20 -205.21 -227.48

2.52E-03 14.18 -210.20 -227.92

2.53E-03 14.19 -215.07 -228.32

2.54E-03 14.21 -219.80 -228.71

2.55E-03 14.27 -224.32 -229.05

2.56E-03 14.34 -228.62 -229.38

2.57E-03 14.38 -232.55 -229.69

2.58E-03 14.44 -236.08 -230.00

2.59E-03 14.46 -239.20 -230.31

2.60E-03 14.45 -241.98 -230.65

2.61E-03 14.43 -244.60 -231.02

2.62E-03 14.40 -247.18 -231.37

2.63E-03 14.40 -249.85 -231.71

2.64E-03 14.44 -252.63 -232.08

2.65E-03 14.50 -255.60 -232.50

2.66E-03 14.58 -258.65 -233.01

2.67E-03 14.71 -261.84 -233.51

2.68E-03 14.84 -265.09 -233.98

2.69E-03 14.97 -268.37 -234.47

2.70E-03 15.09 -271.70 -234.95

2.71E-03 15.20 -275.06 -235.46

2.72E-03 15.28 -278.47 -235.96

2.73E-03 15.37 -281.87 -236.47

2.74E-03 15.44 -285.28 -237.00

2.75E-03 15.51 -288.71 -237.52

2.76E-03 15.57 -292.14 -238.03

2.77E-03 15.65 -295.55 -238.54

2.78E-03 15.74 -298.97 -239.03

2.79E-03 15.84 -302.37 -239.50

2.80E-03 15.94 -305.80 -239.96

2.81E-03 16.04 -309.22 -240.38

2.82E-03 16.09 -312.70 -240.78

2.83E-03 16.12 -316.31 -241.16

2.84E-03 16.16 -320.11 -241.52

2.85E-03 16.15 -324.12 -241.87

2.86E-03 16.11 -328.39 -242.22

2.87E-03 16.01 -332.84 -242.55

2.88E-03 15.88 -337.34 -242.86

2.89E-03 15.72 -341.82 -243.17

2.90E-03 15.54 -346.18 -243.49

2.91E-03 15.32 -350.41 -243.80

2.92E-03 15.07 -354.46 -244.11

2.93E-03 14.81 -358.38 -244.40

2.94E-03 14.58 -362.14 -244.71

2.95E-03 14.35 -365.80 -245.00

2.96E-03 14.13 -369.35 -245.29

2.97E-03 13.95 -372.81 -245.60

2.98E-03 13.77 -376.16 -245.92

2.99E-03 13.57 -379.39 -246.23

3.00E-03 13.40 -382.52 -246.55

3.01E-03 13.20 -385.52 -246.89

3.02E-03 13.01 -388.38 -247.24

3.03E-03 12.81 -391.07 -247.60

3.04E-03 12.63 -393.63 -247.93

419

3.05E-03 12.46 -396.04 -248.25

3.06E-03 12.31 -398.34 -248.56

3.07E-03 12.18 -400.53 -248.84

3.08E-03 12.09 -402.64 -249.14

3.09E-03 11.99 -404.59 -249.40

3.10E-03 11.94 -406.33 -249.71

3.11E-03 11.88 -407.80 -250.08

3.12E-03 11.86 -408.92 -250.49

3.13E-03 11.85 -409.69 -251.00

3.14E-03 11.84 -410.17 -251.59

3.15E-03 11.85 -410.46 -252.26

3.16E-03 11.82 -410.69 -253.04

3.17E-03 11.77 -410.97 -253.91

3.18E-03 11.71 -411.42 -254.85

3.19E-03 11.62 -412.23 -255.88

3.20E-03 11.50 -414.00 -256.96

3.21E-03 11.37 -418.07 -258.09

3.22E-03 11.24 -426.86 -259.25

3.23E-03 11.13 -443.34 -260.42

3.24E-03 11.05 -469.50 -261.62

3.25E-03 10.98 -504.41 -262.78

3.26E-03 10.91 -543.34 -263.97

3.27E-03 10.83 -579.51 -265.13

3.28E-03 10.75 -607.16 -266.29

3.29E-03 10.68 -624.16 -267.41

3.30E-03 10.61 -631.94 -268.52

3.31E-03 10.56 -633.72 -269.57

3.32E-03 10.53 -632.46 -270.58

3.33E-03 10.51 -630.07 -271.45

3.34E-03 10.50 -627.38 -272.25

3.35E-03 10.53 -624.72 -272.97

3.36E-03 10.59 -622.23 -273.62

3.37E-03 10.69 -620.01 -274.23

3.38E-03 10.83 -618.09 -274.81

3.39E-03 10.99 -616.49 -275.36

3.40E-03 11.13 -615.15 -275.90

3.41E-03 11.23 -613.97 -276.49

3.42E-03 11.35 -612.82 -277.12

3.43E-03 11.47 -611.57 -277.79

3.44E-03 11.57 -610.17 -278.52

3.45E-03 11.66 -608.63 -279.32

3.46E-03 11.74 -607.23 -280.14

3.47E-03 11.80 -606.76 -281.01

3.48E-03 11.86 -608.74 -281.87

3.49E-03 11.92 -615.41 -282.75

3.50E-03 11.99 -629.26 -283.64

3.51E-03 12.10 -651.79 -284.51

3.52E-03 12.18 -681.78 -285.35

3.53E-03 12.29 -714.94 -286.19

3.54E-03 12.41 -745.27 -286.96

3.55E-03 12.53 -767.59 -287.73

3.56E-03 12.66 -779.88 -288.44

3.57E-03 12.80 -783.20 -289.09

3.58E-03 12.95 -780.33 -289.68

3.59E-03 13.10 -774.22 -290.19

3.60E-03 13.30 -766.75 -290.60

3.61E-03 13.48 -758.97 -290.88

3.62E-03 13.68 -751.25 -291.06

3.63E-03 13.86 -743.65 -291.17

3.64E-03 13.92 -736.15 -291.21

3.65E-03 13.94 -728.74 -291.20

3.66E-03 13.95 -721.34 -291.20

3.67E-03 13.94 -713.96 -291.17

3.68E-03 13.96 -706.65 -291.05

3.69E-03 13.99 -699.45 -290.89

3.70E-03 14.03 -692.39 -290.66

3.71E-03 14.07 -685.58 -290.40

3.72E-03 14.12 -679.05 -290.09

3.73E-03 14.16 -672.85 -289.77

3.74E-03 14.23 -666.97 -289.43

3.75E-03 14.28 -661.48 -289.07

3.76E-03 14.35 -656.39 -288.70

3.77E-03 14.40 -651.64 -288.29

3.78E-03 14.48 -647.25 -287.85

3.79E-03 14.55 -643.14 -287.37

3.80E-03 14.62 -639.32 -286.83

3.81E-03 14.69 -635.71 -286.23

3.82E-03 14.78 -632.27 -285.61

3.83E-03 14.85 -629.01 -284.96

3.84E-03 14.95 -625.92 -284.26

3.85E-03 15.05 -622.97 -283.54

3.86E-03 15.14 -620.18 -282.76

3.87E-03 15.28 -617.54 -281.96

3.88E-03 15.42 -615.07 -281.10

3.89E-03 15.57 -612.78 -280.24

3.90E-03 15.71 -610.70 -279.30

420

3.91E-03 15.85 -608.87 -278.34

3.92E-03 15.91 -607.31 -277.36

3.93E-03 15.90 -606.04 -276.36

3.94E-03 15.84 -605.02 -275.33

3.95E-03 15.74 -604.19 -274.29

3.96E-03 15.61 -603.45 -273.22

3.97E-03 15.49 -602.69 -272.14

3.98E-03 15.38 -601.83 -271.05

3.99E-03 15.28 -600.82 -269.96

4.00E-03 15.20 -599.63 -268.83

4.01E-03 15.14 -598.27 -267.71

4.02E-03 15.06 -596.75 -266.58

4.03E-03 15.00 -595.09 -265.43

4.04E-03 14.93 -593.35 -264.26

4.05E-03 14.84 -591.50 -263.07

4.06E-03 14.74 -589.58 -261.86

4.07E-03 14.65 -587.60 -260.62

4.08E-03 14.57 -585.58 -259.35

4.09E-03 14.52 -583.48 -258.07

4.10E-03 14.48 -581.38 -256.90

4.11E-03 14.45 -579.22 -255.84

4.12E-03 14.43 -577.05 -254.78

4.13E-03 14.41 -574.87 -253.72

4.14E-03 14.41 -572.63 -252.67

4.15E-03 14.42 -570.38 -251.63

4.16E-03 14.45 -568.09 -250.59

4.17E-03 14.50 -565.77 -249.55

4.18E-03 14.53 -563.37 -248.50

4.19E-03 14.53 -560.87 -247.46

4.20E-03 14.51 -558.27 -246.46

4.21E-03 14.39 -555.56 -245.49

4.22E-03 14.24 -552.79 -244.53

4.23E-03 14.07 -550.00 -243.62

4.24E-03 13.84 -547.31 -242.74

4.25E-03 13.63 -544.71 -241.89

4.26E-03 13.42 -542.28 -241.05

4.27E-03 13.24 -540.03 -240.22

4.28E-03 13.05 -537.96 -239.40

4.29E-03 12.89 -536.01 -238.59

4.30E-03 12.73 -534.20 -237.77

4.31E-03 12.57 -532.53 -236.99

4.32E-03 12.41 -530.93 -236.20

4.33E-03 12.24 -529.45 -235.44

4.34E-03 12.10 -528.06 -234.70

4.35E-03 11.98 -526.80 -233.98

4.36E-03 11.87 -525.68 -233.31

4.37E-03 11.77 -524.69 -232.64

4.38E-03 11.68 -523.86 -231.99

4.39E-03 11.60 -523.15 -231.36

4.40E-03 11.55 -522.57 -230.72

4.41E-03 11.49 -522.09 -230.09

4.42E-03 11.47 -521.73 -229.47

4.43E-03 11.46 -521.44 -228.84

4.44E-03 11.46 -521.26 -228.23

4.45E-03 11.49 -521.25 -227.61

4.46E-03 11.50 -521.41 -226.99

4.47E-03 11.52 -521.78 -226.39

4.48E-03 11.52 -522.35 -225.79

4.49E-03 11.50 -523.10 -225.18

4.50E-03 11.44 -523.93 -224.62

4.51E-03 11.34 -524.78 -224.07

4.52E-03 11.14 -525.48 -223.53

4.53E-03 10.93 -525.80 -223.00

4.54E-03 10.70 -525.40 -222.52

4.55E-03 10.46 -523.49 -222.01

4.56E-03 10.26 -518.72 -221.55

4.57E-03 10.03 -509.28 -221.12

4.58E-03 9.83 -493.71 -220.77

4.59E-03 9.66 -471.51 -220.46

4.60E-03 9.54 -443.92 -220.24

4.61E-03 9.44 -414.03 -220.11

4.62E-03 9.39 -385.84 -219.98

4.63E-03 9.36 -362.96 -219.93

4.64E-03 9.36 -347.42 -219.89

4.65E-03 9.38 -339.18 -219.89

4.66E-03 9.41 -336.75 -219.92

4.67E-03 9.47 -338.17 -219.94

4.68E-03 9.55 -341.59 -219.99

4.69E-03 9.65 -345.78 -220.04

4.70E-03 9.79 -350.08 -220.09

4.71E-03 9.95 -354.16 -220.14

4.72E-03 10.11 -357.87 -220.23

4.73E-03 10.31 -361.19 -220.31

4.74E-03 10.51 -364.12 -220.46

4.75E-03 10.73 -366.70 -220.64

4.76E-03 10.94 -369.05 -220.85

421

4.77E-03 11.17 -371.24 -221.09

4.78E-03 11.35 -373.35 -221.34

4.79E-03 11.52 -375.37 -221.60

4.80E-03 11.68 -377.16 -221.88

4.81E-03 11.82 -378.25 -222.23

4.82E-03 11.92 -377.81 -222.64

4.83E-03 12.03 -374.53 -223.06

4.84E-03 12.13 -366.84 -223.52

4.85E-03 12.27 -353.49 -223.98

4.86E-03 12.40 -334.17 -224.46

4.87E-03 12.56 -310.16 -224.92

4.88E-03 12.78 -284.33 -225.39

4.89E-03 13.03 -260.35 -225.86

4.90E-03 13.28 -241.48 -226.30

4.91E-03 13.57 -229.59 -226.69

4.92E-03 13.88 -224.84 -227.09

4.93E-03 14.20 -225.92 -227.41

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4.99E-03 15.79 -269.56 -228.10

5.00E-03 15.92 -277.09 -228.10

5.01E-03 16.07 -284.38 -228.13

5.02E-03 16.19 -291.48 -228.31

5.03E-03 16.31 -298.39 -228.77

5.04E-03 16.37 -305.06 -229.36

5.05E-03 16.39 -311.48 -229.94

5.06E-03 16.39 -317.59 -230.51

5.07E-03 16.34 -323.39 -231.08

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5.10E-03 16.05 -338.53 -232.90

5.11E-03 15.94 -342.80 -233.54

5.12E-03 15.80 -346.66 -234.16

5.13E-03 15.68 -350.20 -234.77

5.14E-03 15.57 -353.44 -235.37

5.15E-03 15.45 -356.42 -235.95

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5.19E-03 15.15 -366.58 -237.86

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5.60E-03 13.93 -440.26 -222.04

5.61E-03 13.76 -442.17 -221.42

5.62E-03 13.54 -443.91 -220.82

422

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5.64E-03 13.07 -446.86 -219.67

5.65E-03 12.81 -448.10 -219.13

5.66E-03 12.55 -449.22 -218.60

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5.70E-03 11.55 -453.33 -216.63

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5.90E-03 10.52 -469.45 -215.06

5.91E-03 10.42 -476.27 -215.43

5.92E-03 10.34 -487.14 -215.87

5.93E-03 10.27 -502.71 -216.32

5.94E-03 10.21 -523.02 -216.83

5.95E-03 10.15 -546.87 -217.45

5.96E-03 10.11 -572.12 -218.14

5.97E-03 10.09 -596.06 -218.92

5.98E-03 10.14 -616.20 -219.77

5.99E-03 10.20 -630.96 -220.65

6.00E-03 10.33 -639.91 -221.62

6.01E-03 10.49 -643.67 -222.58

6.02E-03 10.68 -643.58 -223.58

6.03E-03 10.90 -640.99 -224.52

6.04E-03 11.14 -637.11 -225.45

6.05E-03 11.39 -632.75 -226.37

6.06E-03 11.67 -628.44 -227.33

6.07E-03 11.96 -624.38 -228.28

6.08E-03 12.25 -620.69 -229.25

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6.10E-03 12.81 -614.32 -231.25

6.11E-03 13.06 -611.51 -232.29

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6.14E-03 13.69 -604.14 -235.54

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6.28E-03 14.74 -731.62 -253.79

6.29E-03 14.89 -727.76 -255.19

6.30E-03 14.98 -721.50 -256.55

6.31E-03 15.03 -714.01 -257.86

6.32E-03 15.06 -706.11 -259.19

6.33E-03 15.06 -698.24 -260.49

6.34E-03 15.05 -690.66 -261.81

6.35E-03 15.03 -683.46 -263.18

6.36E-03 15.03 -676.66 -264.61

6.37E-03 15.01 -670.24 -266.19

6.38E-03 14.99 -664.18 -267.90

6.39E-03 14.94 -658.53 -269.73

6.40E-03 14.92 -653.23 -271.64

6.41E-03 14.85 -648.45 -273.59

6.42E-03 14.78 -644.19 -275.55

6.43E-03 14.68 -640.37 -277.56

6.44E-03 14.58 -636.98 -279.58

6.45E-03 14.45 -634.03 -281.61

6.46E-03 14.35 -631.51 -283.66

6.47E-03 14.23 -629.39 -285.68

6.48E-03 14.14 -627.62 -287.72

423

6.49E-03 14.08 -626.16 -289.75

6.50E-03 14.07 -624.97 -291.74

6.51E-03 14.05 -623.97 -293.70

6.52E-03 14.06 -623.12 -295.63

6.53E-03 14.11 -622.41 -297.52

6.54E-03 14.17 -621.79 -299.37

6.55E-03 14.24 -621.27 -301.25

6.56E-03 14.34 -620.80 -303.14

6.57E-03 14.45 -620.42 -304.95

6.58E-03 14.57 -620.13 -306.73

6.59E-03 14.70 -619.91 -308.44

6.60E-03 14.75 -619.80 -310.10

6.61E-03 14.75 -619.77 -311.72

6.62E-03 14.77 -619.85 -313.33

6.63E-03 14.77 -619.97 -314.98

6.64E-03 14.77 -620.14 -316.66

6.65E-03 14.77 -620.29 -318.42

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6.69E-03 14.68 -619.60 -325.83

6.70E-03 14.66 -618.88 -327.67

6.71E-03 14.62 -617.95 -329.49

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6.73E-03 14.55 -615.46 -333.09

6.74E-03 14.48 -613.95 -334.87

6.75E-03 14.36 -612.30 -336.61

6.76E-03 14.22 -610.53 -338.32

6.77E-03 14.10 -608.60 -340.00

6.78E-03 13.97 -606.53 -341.63

6.79E-03 13.88 -604.37 -343.21

6.80E-03 13.80 -602.24 -344.74

6.81E-03 13.77 -600.14 -346.21

6.82E-03 13.79 -598.04 -347.60

6.83E-03 13.83 -595.95 -348.92

6.84E-03 13.92 -593.86 -350.16

6.85E-03 14.01 -591.79 -351.32

6.86E-03 14.10 -589.71 -352.41

6.87E-03 14.11 -587.62 -353.38

6.88E-03 14.08 -585.52 -354.26

6.89E-03 14.02 -583.41 -355.04

6.90E-03 13.92 -581.28 -355.75

6.91E-03 13.78 -579.21 -356.35

6.92E-03 13.63 -577.15 -356.90

6.93E-03 13.46 -575.18 -357.37

6.94E-03 13.29 -573.33 -357.82

6.95E-03 13.13 -571.60 -358.22

6.96E-03 12.98 -570.03 -358.62

6.97E-03 12.80 -568.65 -359.01

6.98E-03 12.65 -567.41 -359.37

6.99E-03 12.49 -566.33 -359.76

7.00E-03 12.34 -565.37 -360.16

7.01E-03 12.21 -564.48 -360.56

7.02E-03 12.06 -563.64 -360.94

7.03E-03 11.90 -562.82 -361.34

7.04E-03 11.78 -562.01 -361.75

7.05E-03 11.64 -561.23 -362.16

7.06E-03 11.54 -560.45 -362.54

7.07E-03 11.47 -559.72 -362.95

7.08E-03 11.43 -559.03 -363.37

7.09E-03 11.44 -558.39 -363.79

7.10E-03 11.50 -557.82 -364.19

7.11E-03 11.61 -557.25 -364.62

7.12E-03 11.76 -556.72 -365.05

7.13E-03 11.89 -556.18 -365.46

7.14E-03 12.04 -555.65 -365.91

7.15E-03 12.17 -555.14 -366.39

7.16E-03 12.25 -554.64 -366.90

7.17E-03 12.30 -554.15 -367.42

7.18E-03 12.30 -553.67 -367.99

7.19E-03 12.29 -553.19 -368.58

7.20E-03 12.26 -552.59 -369.19

7.21E-03 12.22 -551.78 -369.81

7.22E-03 12.20 -550.56 -370.44

7.23E-03 12.17 -548.58 -371.03

7.24E-03 12.16 -545.35 -371.61

7.25E-03 12.15 -540.19 -372.20

7.26E-03 12.12 -532.35 -372.81

7.27E-03 12.05 -521.12 -373.46

7.28E-03 11.96 -506.20 -374.10

7.29E-03 11.83 -487.84 -374.77

7.30E-03 11.70 -467.03 -375.47

7.31E-03 11.57 -445.39 -376.18

7.32E-03 11.45 -424.84 -376.91

7.33E-03 11.35 -407.19 -377.66

7.34E-03 11.28 -393.74 -378.45

424

7.35E-03 11.24 -384.97 -379.25

7.36E-03 11.23 -380.59 -380.12

7.37E-03 11.25 -379.84 -380.99

7.38E-03 11.29 -381.64 -381.90

7.39E-03 11.35 -384.99 -382.84

7.40E-03 11.44 -389.09 -383.81

7.41E-03 11.55 -393.30 -384.80

7.42E-03 11.65 -397.35 -385.82

7.43E-03 11.81 -401.06 -386.90

7.44E-03 11.94 -404.40 -388.02

7.45E-03 12.03 -407.39 -389.18

7.46E-03 12.12 -410.09 -390.38

7.47E-03 12.17 -412.51 -391.62

7.48E-03 12.21 -414.62 -392.88

7.49E-03 12.25 -416.32 -394.15

7.50E-03 12.28 -417.27 -395.40

7.51E-03 12.31 -417.01 -396.62

7.52E-03 12.37 -414.89 -397.87

7.53E-03 12.42 -410.18 -399.10

7.54E-03 12.49 -402.27 -400.38

7.55E-03 12.57 -390.88 -401.64

7.56E-03 12.65 -376.30 -402.95

7.57E-03 12.74 -359.50 -404.27

7.58E-03 12.85 -342.00 -405.62

7.59E-03 13.00 -325.60 -407.00

7.60E-03 13.15 -311.98 -408.38

7.61E-03 13.34 -302.29 -409.79

7.62E-03 13.52 -297.03 -411.19

7.63E-03 13.63 -295.94 -412.60

7.64E-03 13.67 -298.26 -414.00

7.65E-03 13.68 -302.98 -415.35

7.66E-03 13.67 -309.16 -416.67

7.67E-03 13.65 -315.97 -417.98

7.68E-03 13.65 -322.88 -419.28

7.69E-03 13.66 -329.53 -420.56

7.70E-03 13.71 -335.80 -421.85

7.71E-03 13.74 -341.61 -423.13

7.72E-03 13.78 -346.93 -424.42

7.73E-03 13.80 -351.78 -425.70

7.74E-03 13.81 -356.19 -427.00

7.75E-03 13.79 -360.14 -428.32

7.76E-03 13.75 -363.66 -429.63

7.77E-03 13.70 -366.77 -430.96

7.78E-03 13.66 -369.45 -432.29

7.79E-03 13.59 -371.70 -433.63

7.80E-03 13.55 -373.53 -434.96

7.81E-03 13.51 -374.98 -436.28

7.82E-03 13.51 -376.05 -437.56

7.83E-03 13.51 -376.81 -438.84

7.84E-03 13.54 -377.29 -440.04

7.85E-03 13.55 -377.56 -441.23

7.86E-03 13.51 -377.71 -442.41

7.87E-03 13.51 -377.84 -443.55

7.88E-03 13.50 -377.83 -444.68

7.89E-03 13.50 -377.69 -445.80

7.90E-03 13.49 -377.50 -446.83

7.91E-03 13.49 -377.24 -447.86

7.92E-03 13.44 -376.93 -448.83

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7.95E-03 13.30 -376.06 -451.63

7.96E-03 13.29 -375.95 -452.75

7.97E-03 13.29 -375.85 -453.93

7.98E-03 13.30 -375.82 -455.16

7.99E-03 13.33 -375.85 -456.46

8.00E-03 13.35 -376.00 -457.86

8.01E-03 13.37 -376.27 -459.35

8.02E-03 13.38 -376.72 -460.89

8.03E-03 13.40 -377.36 -462.48

8.04E-03 13.39 -378.22 -464.13

8.05E-03 13.38 -379.30 -465.80

8.06E-03 13.37 -380.61 -467.48

8.07E-03 13.35 -382.09 -469.14

8.08E-03 13.33 -383.73 -470.78

8.09E-03 13.31 -385.49 -472.35

8.10E-03 13.34 -387.36 -473.89

8.11E-03 13.35 -389.33 -475.33

8.12E-03 13.40 -391.37 -476.71

8.13E-03 13.48 -393.46 -478.00

8.14E-03 13.57 -395.57 -479.23

8.15E-03 13.68 -397.64 -480.39

8.16E-03 13.80 -399.66 -481.47

8.17E-03 13.92 -401.62 -482.48

8.18E-03 14.05 -403.53 -483.39

8.19E-03 14.12 -405.36 -484.22

8.20E-03 14.19 -407.14 -484.95

425

8.21E-03 14.24 -408.86 -485.65

8.22E-03 14.26 -410.53 -486.26

8.23E-03 14.25 -412.16 -486.84

8.24E-03 14.23 -413.74 -487.39

8.25E-03 14.19 -415.24 -487.96

8.26E-03 14.16 -416.68 -488.55

8.27E-03 14.12 -418.03 -489.18

8.28E-03 14.08 -419.25 -489.82

8.29E-03 14.03 -420.31 -490.51

8.30E-03 13.98 -421.24 -491.18

8.31E-03 13.92 -422.00 -491.86

8.32E-03 13.87 -422.60 -492.52

8.33E-03 13.81 -423.03 -493.14

8.34E-03 13.75 -423.34 -493.74

8.35E-03 13.69 -423.55 -494.33

8.36E-03 13.63 -423.70 -494.89

8.37E-03 13.55 -423.80 -495.42

8.38E-03 13.43 -423.90 -495.91

8.39E-03 13.29 -424.04 -496.35

8.40E-03 13.14 -424.18 -496.75

8.41E-03 13.00 -424.33 -497.11

8.42E-03 12.86 -424.52 -497.41

8.43E-03 12.74 -424.67 -497.64

8.44E-03 12.66 -424.79 -497.85

8.45E-03 12.59 -424.91 -498.02

8.46E-03 12.53 -425.03 -498.22

8.47E-03 12.48 -425.16 -498.38

8.48E-03 12.41 -425.34 -498.48

8.49E-03 12.30 -425.60 -498.56

8.50E-03 12.15 -425.90 -498.57

8.51E-03 11.99 -426.23 -498.52

8.52E-03 11.79 -426.55 -498.41

8.53E-03 11.63 -426.94 -498.25

8.54E-03 11.46 -427.39 -498.06

8.55E-03 11.30 -427.98 -497.84

8.56E-03 11.15 -428.84 -497.57

8.57E-03 11.01 -430.19 -497.30

8.58E-03 10.86 -432.36 -497.03

8.59E-03 10.73 -435.77 -496.78

8.60E-03 10.61 -440.98 -496.54

8.61E-03 10.49 -448.54 -496.28

8.62E-03 10.37 -458.82 -495.99

8.63E-03 10.26 -471.97 -495.65

8.64E-03 10.17 -487.60 -495.23

8.65E-03 10.07 -504.91 -494.82

8.66E-03 10.00 -522.63 -494.41

8.67E-03 9.94 -539.31 -493.99

8.68E-03 9.90 -553.59 -493.59

8.69E-03 9.88 -564.46 -493.19

8.70E-03 9.90 -571.43 -492.81

8.71E-03 9.98 -574.54 -492.46

8.72E-03 10.06 -574.36 -492.10

8.73E-03 10.21 -571.62 -491.78

8.74E-03 10.37 -567.21 -491.44

8.75E-03 10.53 -561.85 -491.12

8.76E-03 10.68 -556.14 -490.80

8.77E-03 10.82 -550.44 -490.48

8.78E-03 10.96 -544.98 -490.17

8.79E-03 11.07 -539.86 -489.85

8.80E-03 11.19 -535.13 -489.54

8.81E-03 11.32 -530.76 -489.25

8.82E-03 11.43 -526.79 -488.97

8.83E-03 11.55 -523.27 -488.68

8.84E-03 11.68 -520.37 -488.40

8.85E-03 11.79 -518.41 -488.10

8.86E-03 11.93 -517.77 -487.80

8.87E-03 12.08 -518.98 -487.52

8.88E-03 12.22 -522.55 -487.23

8.89E-03 12.39 -528.86 -486.90

8.90E-03 12.54 -537.98 -486.55

8.91E-03 12.72 -549.56 -486.14

8.92E-03 12.88 -562.81 -485.71

8.93E-03 13.07 -576.55 -485.32

8.94E-03 13.28 -589.39 -484.93

8.95E-03 13.50 -600.08 -484.58

8.96E-03 13.65 -607.65 -484.25

8.97E-03 13.64 -611.69 -483.97

8.98E-03 13.56 -612.26 -483.71

8.99E-03 13.46 -609.82 -483.47

9.00E-03 13.31 -605.16 -483.30

9.01E-03 13.20 -599.00 -483.15

9.02E-03 13.08 -592.03 -483.03

9.03E-03 12.98 -584.85 -482.94

9.04E-03 12.91 -577.89 -482.92

9.05E-03 12.85 -571.35 -482.92

9.06E-03 12.82 -565.27 -482.94

426

9.07E-03 12.81 -559.71 -483.03

9.08E-03 12.79 -554.65 -483.15

9.09E-03 12.80 -550.07 -483.30

9.10E-03 12.78 -546.07 -483.47

9.11E-03 12.79 -542.62 -483.62

9.12E-03 12.78 -539.62 -483.77

9.13E-03 12.79 -537.01 -483.82

9.14E-03 12.81 -534.83 -483.84

9.15E-03 12.84 -533.01 -483.83

9.16E-03 12.88 -531.55 -483.79

9.17E-03 12.95 -530.40 -483.75

9.18E-03 13.01 -529.52 -483.70

9.19E-03 13.10 -528.88 -483.67

9.20E-03 13.18 -528.40 -483.64

9.21E-03 13.29 -528.09 -483.63

9.22E-03 13.40 -527.85 -483.62

9.23E-03 13.52 -527.72 -483.61

9.24E-03 13.62 -527.64 -483.62

9.25E-03 13.69 -527.58 -483.61

9.26E-03 13.69 -527.53 -483.60

9.27E-03 13.68 -527.45 -483.57

9.28E-03 13.65 -527.36 -483.53

9.29E-03 13.63 -527.16 -483.46

9.30E-03 13.61 -526.88 -483.40

9.31E-03 13.60 -526.48 -483.32

9.32E-03 13.65 -525.96 -483.23

9.33E-03 13.70 -525.35 -483.16

9.34E-03 13.81 -524.59 -483.11

9.35E-03 13.92 -523.70 -483.06

9.36E-03 14.01 -522.67 -483.04

9.37E-03 14.13 -521.43 -483.02

9.38E-03 14.26 -519.99 -483.03

9.39E-03 14.36 -518.36 -483.04

9.40E-03 14.48 -516.51 -483.02

9.41E-03 14.58 -514.51 -482.99

9.42E-03 14.70 -512.34 -482.92

9.43E-03 14.83 -510.02 -482.86

9.44E-03 14.98 -507.61 -482.87

9.45E-03 15.14 -505.12 -482.99

9.46E-03 15.32 -502.58 -483.12

9.47E-03 15.52 -500.00 -483.24

9.48E-03 15.70 -497.41 -483.35

9.49E-03 15.85 -494.84 -483.44

9.50E-03 15.96 -492.33 -483.53

9.51E-03 16.05 -489.85 -483.59

9.52E-03 16.07 -487.47 -483.66

9.53E-03 16.03 -485.19 -483.68

9.54E-03 15.91 -482.96 -483.71

9.55E-03 15.75 -480.83 -483.68

9.56E-03 15.55 -478.76 -483.66

9.57E-03 15.33 -476.76 -483.63

9.58E-03 15.08 -474.85 -483.65

9.59E-03 14.85 -472.99 -483.66

9.60E-03 14.59 -471.21 -483.76

9.61E-03 14.33 -469.54 -483.90

9.62E-03 14.09 -467.96 -484.11

9.63E-03 13.87 -466.52 -484.42

9.64E-03 13.67 -465.20 -484.75

9.65E-03 13.49 -464.01 -485.17

9.66E-03 13.32 -462.96 -485.60

9.67E-03 13.16 -462.03 -486.07

9.68E-03 12.97 -461.23 -486.56

9.69E-03 12.81 -460.51 -487.02

9.70E-03 12.63 -459.86 -487.46

9.71E-03 12.48 -459.23 -487.86

9.72E-03 12.36 -458.61 -488.20

9.73E-03 12.24 -458.00 -488.49

9.74E-03 12.14 -457.40 -488.72

9.75E-03 12.08 -456.80 -488.89

9.76E-03 12.01 -456.19 -488.98

9.77E-03 11.98 -455.58 -489.01

9.78E-03 11.95 -454.99 -488.98

9.79E-03 11.92 -454.40 -488.90

9.80E-03 11.88 -453.83 -488.73

9.81E-03 11.83 -453.24 -488.51

9.82E-03 11.77 -452.65 -488.23

9.83E-03 11.69 -452.04 -487.89

9.84E-03 11.57 -451.42 -487.52

9.85E-03 11.45 -450.77 -487.14

9.86E-03 11.32 -450.09 -486.76

9.87E-03 11.17 -449.37 -486.38

9.88E-03 11.04 -448.56 -486.03

9.89E-03 10.89 -447.62 -485.73

9.90E-03 10.78 -446.45 -485.48

9.91E-03 10.69 -444.94 -485.23

9.92E-03 10.63 -442.84 -485.02

427

9.93E-03 10.58 -439.84 -484.82

9.94E-03 10.53 -435.63 -484.63

9.95E-03 10.51 -429.73 -484.44

9.96E-03 10.47 -421.78 -484.25

9.97E-03 10.45 -411.58 -484.08

9.98E-03 10.43 -399.12 -483.95

9.99E-03 10.43 -384.79 -483.87

1.00E-02 10.43 -369.25 -483.80

1.00E-02 10.44 -353.55 -483.76

1.00E-02 10.49 -338.77 -483.70

1.00E-02 10.53 -325.97 -483.64

1.00E-02 10.62 -316.00 -483.55

1.01E-02 10.74 -309.29 -483.42

1.01E-02 10.88 -305.82 -483.28

1.01E-02 11.01 -305.27 -483.10

1.01E-02 11.08 -307.06 -482.85

1.01E-02 11.14 -310.46 -482.58

1.01E-02 11.20 -314.85 -482.22

1.01E-02 11.23 -319.61 -481.76

1.01E-02 11.23 -324.34 -481.15

1.01E-02 11.21 -328.90 -480.44

1.01E-02 11.21 -333.26 -479.63

1.02E-02 11.20 -337.27 -478.78

1.02E-02 11.21 -340.85 -477.90

1.02E-02 11.28 -343.94 -477.02

1.02E-02 11.39 -346.41 -476.11

1.02E-02 11.52 -348.13 -475.22

1.02E-02 11.67 -348.81 -474.33

1.02E-02 11.83 -348.07 -473.49

1.02E-02 12.02 -345.56 -472.66

1.02E-02 12.21 -340.92 -471.82

1.02E-02 12.44 -333.92 -471.01

1.03E-02 12.65 -324.61 -470.18

ANNEXURE - III

DC Line Fault Data (Reverse Voltage Travelling wave

The digitalized reverse voltage travelling wave obtained during the DC line

fault at various distances with various fault resistances.