chapter 5-6 Vol II Western Region
Transcript of chapter 5-6 Vol II Western Region
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
47
Chhukha Dzongkhag was established in April 1987, coinciding with the
beginning of the Sixth Plan. The Dzongkhag has one Drungkhag and 11
gewogs viz. Chapchha, Bjachho, Bongo, Getena, Geling, Dungna, Metap,
Logchina, Dala, Bhalujhora and Phuentsholing with 3,291 households, and
population of 74,387 as per census 2005.
Chhukha Dzongkhag covers an area of about 1,802 sq. km. with elevations
ranging from 200 m to 3,500 m above sea level. Cultivable agricultural land
forms around only nine percent of the total area of the Dzongkhag.
The facilities like electricity, telephone connection, water supply, health
and education coverage in Getena, Dungna, Metakha, Geling gewogs are
easily available and Bongo gewog on the other hand remains remote and
relatively poor. Rugged terrain and lack of roads pose considerable problem
in delivering development services to the people.
5.1 Basic Infrastructure
a. Roads1
Phuentsholing, Darla, Bhalujhora, Chapchha and Logchina gewogs have fairly
good road network.
S. No. Roads Km.
1 National Highway 214
2 Feeder Road 198
3 Urban Road 15.7
4 Farm Road 8.28
5 Forest Road 30.93
Total 483.74 Table 5.1 (a) Roads-2005
b. Distances2to other Dzongkhags
S. No. From To Km.
1 Phuentsholing Thimphu 171
2 Phuentsholing Siliguri 150
3 Phuentsholing Samtse 74
4 Phuentsholing Lhamoyzingkha 121
5 Phuentsholing Gomtu 67
6 Phuentsholing Haa 223
7 Phuentsholing Tsimalakha 97
8 Phuentsholing Paro 165
9 Phuentsholing Wangdue 229
10 Phuentsholing Chhukha 82
11 Chhukha Thimphu 89 Table 5.1 (b) Distances to other Dzongkhags
Source: 1Department of Roads, Ministry of Works & Human Settlement, Bhutan. 2Road Safety & Transport Authority, MoIC, Bhutan.
5 Chhukha
Figure 5.1 Chhukha Dzongkhag
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c. Education1
The school level facilities are as follows:
S. No. Type of Schools Nos. (2006)
1 Community School 17
2 Primary School 5
3 Lower Secondary School 6
4 Middle Secondary School 4
5 Higher Secondary School 2 Table 5.1 (c) Type of Schools -2006
d. Health Facilities 2
Health facilities are good in this Dzongkhag.
S. No. Facilities Nos. (2006)
1 Hospital 3
2 BHUs 9
3 ORCs 42
Table 5.1 (d) Health Facilities-2006
e. Postal & Telecommunication
Postal services are fairly good. . These include one postal regional office, one general post office, 4 post offices,
3 agency post offices, 5 community mail agents and 3 extension departmental post offices for projects.
f. Energy The Dzongkhag has two large hydro power plants – Chhukha and Tala. These projects contribute significantly in the
generation of hydro power and revenue at the national level
Power Generation
S. No. Power (2005-2006) Installed Capacity
(No. x MW)
Generating
Capacity (MW)
1 Chhukha Hydro Power Corporation 4 x 84 336
2 Tala 3 x 340 1020
3
Diesel Generation Stations
Phuentsholing 3 No. -
4 Other Diesel Station in CHPC 5 No. 1.949 Table 5.1 (e) Power Generation Status
g. Type of Land
The following table describes the land use pattern in the Dzongkhag:
S. No. Type of Land Area in Acres (2005)
1 Wet-Land 2706
2 Dry-Land 11654
3 Tseri/Pangshing 23008 Table 5.1 (f) Type of Land
Source : 1General Statistics 2006-Year Book, Department of School Education, Ministry of Education, Bhutan. 2Statistical & Planning Officers, Dzongkhag Administration-Chhukha.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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5.2 Trade & Industry 1
Chhukha is the main entry point for import and the commercial hub of the country. Major hydro-power plants
(Chhukha & Tala), which are the key source of national income, are also located in Chhukha Dzongkhag. This
comparative advantage can foster rapid economic growth of the Dzongkhag.
a. Licences Issued A large number business activities are operating in the Dzongkhag. , In the trade sector, 2513 trade licences
(2335 national retail licences, 43 national dealership licences, 124 expatriate retail license and 11 expatriate
dealership licences) were issued. In production and manufacturing, 152 licences (54 for small, 32 for medium,
24 for large and 42 for cottage industry) were issued. Similarly, in services sector, a total of 1108 licences were
issued (55 for small, 3 for medium, 7 for large and 1043 for cottage industry) as on 31.12.2005.
b. Industrial land
1. Phuentsholing Industrial Estate
The Phuentsholing Industrial Estate has an area of 61 acres including one acre near Doti khola. The
estate has 15 numbers of industrial sheds and developed industrial plots. The estate is well facilitated
with road network, water supply, power and transmission lines, drainage systems, telecommunication
facilities and estate management office.
2. Pasakha Industrial Estate The Pasakha Industrial Estate is located 16 km east of Phuentsholing and has an area of 267 acres. All
the facilities like road network, water supply, power and transmission lines, drainage systems,
telecommunication facilities and estate management office are being developed currently. River
protection works have been a major infrastructure requirement for the estate, which has experienced
devastation due to floods. All of the 38 industrial plots available have already been allotted and quite a
number of the units are under production already.
The main industries in Chhukha are as follows:
• Bhutan Polythene Company
• Bhutan Board Products Ltd.
• Bhutan Carbide and Chemicals Ltd.
• Bhutan Ferro Alloys Ltd.
• Druk Stone & Mineral Export Co. Ltd.
• Bhutan Dairy Ltd.
• RSA Pvt. Ltd.
• Druk Cement Co. Ltd.
• Green Wood Mfg. Corporation
• Bhutan Beverage Co. Ltd.
• Drangchu Beverage
• Druk Iron & Steel
• Bhutan Steel Industries
Source: 1Industrial Licensing and Monitoring Division, Department of Industry, MoEA, Bhutan.
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Available Resource:
5.3 Agriculture1
The majority of the people depend on agriculture, livestock and horticulture. The principal cash crops in the
Dzongkhag are mandarin orange, potato and cardamom. Despite favorable climatic conditions, farm productivity is
low due to different terrain conditions and lack of adequate farm infrastructure, in particular, farm roads. The table
below provides agricultural
production figures :
a. Crops Production (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Crops
Gewogs Paddy (MT) Maize (MT) Bean Wheat (MT)
Mustard
(MT)
1 Bhalujhora 364.42 261.22 7.53 00.00 24.48
2 Bjachho 115.90 79.48 9.25 45.53 00.00
3 Bongo 467.74 802.96 15.17 223.89 39.17
4 Chapchha 220.55 186.09 32.29 121.53 44.53
5 Dala 647.45 1326.69 32.98 00.00 60.89
6 Dungna 376.22 203.07 00.00
131.00 00.00
7 Geling 288.42 249.14 00.00 83.69 60.89
8 Getena 266.58 239.00 16.03 810.37 58.26
9 Logchina 161.82 431.69 6.25 34.61 00.00
10 Metap 95.33 163.38 1.26 61.57 20.38
11 Phuentsholing 620.74 2151.02 12.91 111.60 58.85
Total Production (MT) 3625.17 6093.74 133.67 1623.79 367.45 Table 5.3 (a) Crops Production- 2005
b. Main Crops for Commercial Utilization (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Crops Production (MT)
1 Paddy 3625.17
2 Maize 6093.74 Table 5.3 (b) Main Crops for Commercial Utilization -2005
Analysis of Agriculture Produce
Data shows a significant production of paddy and maize, but after meeting local consumption needs of the relatively
huge population of the Dzongkhag, only a small surplus may be available for commercial exploitation.
c. Livestock Population2
The following table describes livestock population in the year 2005.
S. No. Cattle type Qty. (Number)
1 Local cattle 20608
2 Cross cattle 3121
3 Mithun 2259
4 Poultry 15132
5 Sheep 1421 Table 5.3 (c) Livestock Population -2005
Source: 1 Agriculture Statistics-2005, Department of Agriculture, MoA & Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer, Dzongkhag Administration -Chhukha. 2Dzongkhag Livestock Officer, Dzongkhag Administration -Chhukha.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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d. Livestock Products1
Milk, butter and cheese are the main livestock products in Chhukha Dzongkhag.
S. No. Products
Gewogs Milk (Lt.) Butter (Kg.) Cheese (Ball)
1 Bhalujhora 235580 11779 115990
2 Bjachho 63780 5742 42954
3 Bongo 108570 12063 241260
4 Chapchha 40494 3289 3980
5 Dala 21998 7181 57502
6 Dungna 181143 8143 179270
7 Getena 237510 13195 105560
8 Gelling 1255340 69936 178023
9 Logchina 125790 40546 62895
10 Phuentsholing 207343 10141 97025
Total Production(MT) 2477548 182015 1084459 Table 5.3 (d) Livestock Products -2005
Analysis of Livestock Produce
The livestock farming is practiced in almost all the Gewogs of the Dzongkhag. There is good potential for milk
processing and livestock products trade/marketing to other Dzongkhags.
5.4 Horticulture2
a. Vegetables Production (Production in Metric Ton)
S.
No.
Vegetables
Gewogs Potato Cabbage Chilli Ginger Radish Turnip Cardamom
Green
Leaves
1 Bjachho 549.80 86.36 29.81 00.00 75.43 63.03 00.00 34.34
2 Bongo 238.69 19.96 00.00 84.36 70.03 152.98 00.00 37.06
3 Chapcha 3318.95 00.00 301.29 00.00 96.65 100.71 00.00 74.29
4 Dala 381.78 00.00 31.41 92.63 130.15 00.00 227.50 42.96
5 Dungna 506.89 247.62 47.60 00.00 33.54 00.00 70.11 00.00
Total Production (MT) 4996.11 353.94 410.11 176.99 405.8 316.72 297.61 188.65 Table 5.4 (a) Vegetables Production -2005
b. Main Vegetables for Commercial Utilization (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Vegetables Production (MT)
1 Potato 4996.11
2 Chilli 410.11 Table 5.4 (b) Main Vegetables for Commercial Utilization -2005
c. Fruits Production (Production in MT)
S. No. Fruits
Gewogs Mandarin Areca nut Banana
1 Bhalujhora 507.09 528.69 6.21
2 Bongo 4669.20 00.00 47.39
3 Dala 1562.89 00.00 15.16
4 Logchina 557.27 00.00 15.36
5 Phuentsholing 858.32 1006.52 00.00
Total Production (MT)
L 8154.77 1535.21 84.12
Table 5.4 (c) Fruit Production-2005
Analysis of Horticulture Produce
The main vegetables that can be considered for commercial processing and trade are potato and chilli. The major
fruits produced are oranges (Mandarin) and areca nut, which can be considered for processing and trade.
Source: 1Dzongkhag Livestock Officer, Dzongkhag Administration -Chhukha. 2Agriculture Statistics-2005, Department of Agriculture, MoA & Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer, Administration Office, Chhukha.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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5.5 Wood1
Timber demand & production potential are as given in the table below:
Production Potential
Inside FMUs Out side FMUs
Existing Potential
Total
Demand
Difference
Available Log
(Cubic Meter)
0 1617 20827 22444 4309 18135
Table 5.5 Timber Demand & Production Potential (2005-2009)
Analysis of Wood Resource
There is a surplus of wood, but this is being utilized in the faster growing towns of Bhutan by the construction and
furniture industry and no other projects are being considered in this sector.
5.6. Non-wood Forest Resources2
a. Types of Bamboo available
S. No. Scientific Name Local Name Usage Distribution
1 Arundinaria maling Malingo,
maling,
lamphey
Bamboo. Young shoots
are used as vegetable
Mebari in Bjabchho, Pachutar /
Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
2 Arundinaria sp. Karay malingo Bamboo Bichtala in Drala
3 Arundinaria sp. Negalo / negala Bamboo Bichtala in Drala, Dofam in
Lokchina.
4 Bambus calvata Chiley bans,
jhushing
Useful Bamboo Bichtala in Drala, Dofam in
Lokchina.
5 Bambus nutans Mal / mali
/mola / mala
/maley bans
Bamboo(Leaves are used
as fodder)
Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Bichtala in Drala, Pachutar /
Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
6 Bambus sp. Dhanu / ban
bans, jhushing
Bamboo Metab pangu in Metakha,
Zamsha in Bongo.
7 Cephalostachyum
sp.
Gopay, lokpa Bamboo Metab pangu in Metakha,
Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Bichtala in Drala, Dofam in
Lokchina.
8 Dendrocalamus
hamiltonii
Choya / jungali
/ ban bans,
pakshi / pagshi
Bamboo (Leaves are used
as fodder, shoot-vegetable
as well as preserve and
make as pickle), split
bamboo used to make
rope. Sometimes the seed
are used to produce flour
that is consumed.
Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Bichtala in Drala, Pachutar /
Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
9 Dendrocalamus
hookeri
Bhalu / kalo
bans, pakshing
Bamboo, leaves are used
as fodder.
Metab pangu in Metakha,
Getena, Bjabchho, Gurungdara in
Bhalujhora, Bichtala in Drala,
Pachutar / Sadumadu in
Phuentsholing, Dofam in
Lokchina.
10 Dendrocalamus sp. Dremling Very useful bamboo Mebari in Bjabchho
11 Himalayancalamus
hookerianus
Pah-ryang Bamboo, young shoot
used as vegetable
Gurungdara in Bhalujhora.
12 Melocanna
baccifera
Philim bans Bamboo Pachutar / Sadumadu in
Phuentsholing, Dofam in
Lokchina.
Source: 1Forestry Resources Development Division, Department of Forestry Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Bhutan. 2"Non wood Forest Product" A report on Chhukha, Forest Resources Development Division, Department of Forestry Services, MoA Bhutan.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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S. No. Scientific Name Local Name Usage Distribution within Chhukha
13 Pseudostachyum
polymorphum
Philim, Phen Bamboo used to make
basket, young shoots
are used as vegetable.
Rimtokha in Chapcha, Bjabchho, Guru -
ngdara in Bhalujhora, Bichtala in Drala.
14 Pseudostachyum sp. Shemphay Bamboo Mebari in Bjabchho. Table 5.6 (a) Types of Bamboo available
b. Types of Cane available
S. No. Scientific Name Local Name Usage Distribution within Chhukha
1. Calamus
acanthospathu
Gauribet,
tshimtsha
Cane fruit chewed as betel nut.
Young shoots are used as
vegetable.
Getena, Metab Pangu in Metakha,
Wanakha in Geling, Bongo,
Pachutar/Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
2. Calamus erectus Phegkray, pekri,
phekri, phekori
Fruits are chewed as betel
nut. Leaves can be used for
roofing. Midribs are used to
make hard broom.
Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Pachutar/Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
3. Calamus inermis Dhang-ray /
dangri / dangray /
mau / aulay bet,
dey-tsha
Cane Bongo, Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Pachutar/Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
4. Calamus latifolius Putle bet Cane Bongo
5. Calamus
leptospadix
Kukhrey /
kukhurey / pani
bet, zeechum-tsha
Cane useful to make
furniture.
Bongo, Gurungdara in Bhalujhora,
Pachutar/Sadumadu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
Table 5.6 (b) Types of Cane available
c. Types of Incenses available
S. No. Scientific
Name
Local Name Usage Distribution within
Chhukha
1 Artemisia Sp. Titey-
Pati,Khempa
The dried immature leaves flower’
heads are used for expulsion of worms.
Also useful in Fevers and Dropsy plus
as a stimulant. Buds are used to cure
pneumonia. Entire plant either dry or
fresh used as incense. Whole plant
used as incense. Portion of the plant is
used to feed goat or sheep as fodder.
Metab Pangu in
Metakha,Wanakha in
Geling, Getena, Rimtokha
in Chapcha, Bjabchho,
Bongo,Guru-ngdara in
Bhalujhora,Bichtala in
Drala,Pachutar/Sadumadu
in Phuensholing,Dofam in
Lokchina.
2 Canarium
Strictum
Gokul dhup Gum used for incense. People believed
that burning incense of this gum would
drive out the evil spirit.
Gurungdara in
Bhalujhora,Pachutar/Sadu
madu in Phuentsholing,
Dofam in Lokchina.
3 Cinnamomum
glaucescens
Malagiri(rare) Its heart wood chip is used as incense.
Actually it is very useful tree. The
Pericarp of the fruit yields essential
oils used in perfumery, incense sticks,
soap and toiletries, etc. Smoke from its
sawdust can rid bed-buck and even
snake. Foliage can be used as fodder.
Gurungdara in
Bhalujhora, Pachutar /
Sadumadu in
Phuentsholing.
4 Didymocarpus
sp.
Kukum-Pati
Ornamental plant, entire plant used as
local incense especially by “Dhami or
Jakri” (the ethno-physician).
Dofam in Lokchina
Table 5.6 (c) Types of Incenses available
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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Analysis of Non-wood Forest Resource
The supply of bamboo of various varieties is suitable for commercial exploitation. Bamboo treatment and
preservation centre may be a viable investment. Cane furniture production should be considered. Incense stick and
essence projects on cottage scale may also be viable and there is scope for oleoresin essential oil production.
5.7. Tourism1- Chhukha
Existing Potential
1. Attractions
• The Dzongkhag has many small Lhakhangs and
other religious sights mostly for the local people.
• Chhukha is known as Bhutan’s trading centre, as
well as a hub for industries, import and export
houses.
• Ethnic festivals, which are special for southern
Bhutanese culture (like Dasai and Dewali) could be
an attraction for tourists, preferably in smaller
villages.
• The Dzongkhag has also high potential for river
rafting and kayaking, e.g. along the Wang Chhu.
• Tala hydropower project (currently the biggest one in
Bhutan with 1020 MW) could be an interesting site
for visitors.
• New trekking routes especially for winter season is
possible. e.g. Tala-Kalikhola Route, a four days trek
with high potential for bird watching and fishing.
2. Lodging Facilities
Adequate hotels with lodging facilities are available
mainly in Phuentsholing. Besides Phuentsholing only
a few operate in Tsimasham and Gedu.
3. Food Service Facilities
Cat. Restaurants Customer Seats
Int. 5 232
Local 24 644
Total 29 876
4. Transportation and Access
Bus services and sufficient taxies are available in
almost all the Gewogs with road network.
The new railway being proposed from Siliguri to
Phuentsholing (approx. by 2010) will facilitate entry and
exit to/from Bhutan via Phuentsholing.
5. Other Public Services/ Facilities
Almost all the Gewogs have adequate health
facilities. These include 3 hospitals in Phuentsholing
and 16 BHUs covering almost all Gewogs.
Table 5.7 Tourism -Chhukha
The Dzongkhag is mainly known as the trading centre of Bhutan. Chhukha Tshechu is the only attraction promoted
for tourism so far. The Dzongkhag has two of the biggest hydroelectric projects in the country. To enter Bhutan via
Phuentsholing is definitely a great way to experience Bhutan on the first day, as the road up to Thimphu is quite
exciting. Elevations of 2,500 m are attractive for resorts to attract free spending Indian tourists.
Source: 1Tourism Resources Inventory of Bhutan, Volume I & II August 15, 2005 & Bhutan Land of the Thunder Dragon -2005, Department of Tourism.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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5.8 Minerals1
5.8.1 Resource data
a. Limestone at Mirchang-Tala area
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Crystalline limestone interbanded with garnetiferous mica schist and quartzite occurs at
Mirchang-Badena-Tala area, 10 km distance from the 44 km post on the Phuentsholing-
Thimphu highway. Detailed exploration by drilling done.
2 Reserves 2.80 mio tons of cement grade (probable) and 0.71 million tons of carbide grade proven.
3 Exploitation Leased to Druk Cement plant at Pasakha.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
A mini cement plant, Druk Cement plant has been given the lease to mine the deposit.
Table 5.8.1 (a) Limestone at Mirchang-Tala area
b. Limestone at Haure Khola
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Four bands of limestone occur at Haure Khola, 10 km southwest of Phuentsholing.
2 Reserves 0.114 mio tons (probable) chemical grade and 16.70 mio tons (probable) cement grade.
3 Exploitation Leased to Bhutan Carbide and Chemicals Ltd., Pasakha.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
BCCL mines the deposit for use in their factory.
Table 5.8.1 (b) Limestone at Haure Khola.
c. Limestone at Kalesore-Titi
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Bedded limestone intercalated with slaty phyllite at Kalesore about 4.5 km NW of
Phuentsholing.
2 Reserves 1.42 mio tons (inferred) cement grade and 0.20 mio tons (inferred) carbide grade.
3 Exploitation Leased to Druk Cement plant at Pasakha
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Raw material source for Druk Cement plant.
Table 5.8.1 (c) Limestone at Kalesore-Titi
d. Limestone at Khanabharti
S. No. Topic Details 1 Description Bedded limestone intercalated with slaty phyllite occur at Khanabharti
2 Reserves 0.260 mio tons (inferred) of cement grade
3 Exploitation None
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Although on the proposed Samtse-Phuentsholing new highway, too small a deposit.
Table 5.8.1(d) Limestone at Khanabharti
e. Dolomite at Titring to Kalesore North
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Bands of dolomite intercalated with slaty phyllite and quartzite occur for 16 km from
Titring (in the west) to Kalesore North in the east.
2 Reserves About 529 mio tons
3 Exploitation Access difficult at this time
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Falls on the new Samtse-Phuentsholing highway being constructed. Could mine for
captive industrial uses. Table 5.8.1 (e) Dolomite at Titring to Kalesore North
Source: 1(a) The Bhutan Himalaya: A Geological Account- Special Publication 39, Edited by O.N. Bhargava, Geological Survey of India, 1995.
(b) Atlas of Mineral Resources of the ESCAP Region, Volume 8, Bhutan – United Nations ESCAP and Department of Geology & Mines of
Bhutan, 1991.
(c) Department of Geology & Mines, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Thimphu.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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f . Dolomite at Kalesore
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Four bands of grey dolomite occur at Kalesore about 4 km west of Phuentsholing.
2 Reserves About 2500 mio tons
3 Exploitation Was mined once by Tashi Dolomite of the Tashi Commercial Corporation.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Seasonal mining during the dry season is possible for captive industrial uses.
Table 5.8.1 (f) Dolomite at Kalesore
g. Quartzite at Omchena-Pepchu area
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description White/smoky white quartzite occurs intercalated with phyllites and basic sills at 1.5
km (dirt road) west of 27 km point north of Phuentsholing on Phuentsholing –
Thimphu highway. Silica content is mostly in the range of 96 to 98%).
2 Reserves 1.20 mio tons proved
3 Exploitation Leasehold area of Druk Stone & Mineral Company Ltd.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Mined for export presently but will be supplying to one of the new Ferro Silicon
plants under construction at Pasakha Industrial Estate.
Table 5.8.1 (g) Quartzite at Omchena-Pepchu area
h. Quartzite at Kamji-Kezari areas
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Fine grained, white to smoky quartzite with interbands of phyllites and basic sills
have been traced for a distance of about 23 km from Kamji (25 km north of
Phuentsholing on Phuentsholing-Thimphu highway) in the west to Kezari landslide
area in the east. Detailed sampling has been done at Thotney Khola near Kamji,
Barsa Chhu, Singey Chhu and Kejari at the easternmost end. Silica content is
mostly in the 95-97% range
2 Reserves 20.36 mio tons inferred from surface studies
3 Exploitation Singey Chhu deposit has been studied in more detail by one of the new Ferro
Silicon plants under construction at Pasakha Industrial Estate.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
The quartzite in this belt is of high grade and can be used by ferrosilicon, silicon
carbide & calcium silicide plants. Table 5.8.1 (h) Quartzite at Kamji-Kezari areas
i. Quartzite at Padzekha Chu
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description White, medium to coarse grained, thickly bedded quartzite with regular joints
occur at Pedzekha Chu 8 km northeast of BFAL ferro-silicon plant in Pasakha.
Thickness varies from 60 - 70 m and is of ferrosilicon & calcium silicide grade
(SiO2 content: 97.00 to 98.50%).
2 Reserves 1.0 mio tons proved
3 Exploitation Leasehold area of one of the new Ferro Silicon plant under construction at
Pasakha Industrial Estate.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Is suitable for ferrosilicon manufacturing and will be mined by the new Ferro-
silicon plant. Table 5.8.1 (i) Quartzite at Padzekha Chu
j. Quartzite at Dungina-Pakchina area
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description White, medium to coarse grained quartzite with thin intercalations of phyllite
occur at Dungina-Pakchina area about 10 km east-northeast of BFAL plant at
Pasakha. A thickness of 140 m is attained at places. Average SiO2 content is
98.10%.
2 Reserves 19.10 mio tons proved
3 Exploitation Leasehold area of BFAL, Pasakha
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
Being mined by BFAL for manufacture of ferrosilicon
Table 5.8.1 (j) Quartzite at Dungina-Pakchina area
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
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k. Talc
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Talc occurrences extend from Samtse in the west to Sarpang in the east. Talc occurs as
thin lenses, films, pockets and bands associated with quartzite, phyllite and calcareous
quartzite. Thickness of bands varies from a few cm to 40 meters.
2 Reserves Total estimated reserves is 1,39,700 tons.
3 Exploitation Mined and exported to India as raw material from many places in Chhukha and Samtse
Dzongkhags.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
The geologically estimated reserves is 1,39,700 tons whereas the total mined and
exported in raw form until 2005 is 2,08,354 tons. Small-scale mining is done by many
different entrepreneurs from many different areas. Table 5.8.1 (k) Talc
l. Marble
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description At Mirchang-Tala area, there are three marble bands, which vary in strike length from
350 to 950 m and thickness varying from 30-80 m. Marble is banded and suitable for
building and ornamental purpose.
2 Reserves NA
3 Exploitation None
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
If the marble is finer grained than those in Thimphu, Paro and Haa, it should be
investigated for its suitability/mineability for construction purposes both for local use
and export, as the location is closer to Phuentsholing.
Table 5.8.1 (l) Marble
m. Graphite
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Small quantities of graphite occur at Depchasa and Dorjamsa area east of Tsimakothi,
Donga area East-southeast of Taktichu and at Dungna.
2 Reserves Not estimated
3 Exploitation None
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
No economic significance.
Table 5.8.1 (m) Graphite
5.8.2 Recommended Further Investigation
1. High grade quartzite
High-grade quartzite like the one at Padzeka Chhu needs to be looked for as raw materials source for the proposed
ferrosilicon plants and manufacture of glass.
2. Talc
Continuous talc mining by small individual miners has benefited many entrepreneurs over the years although there
is no accurate reserve figure of the mineral recorded. Although the talc deposits are small, they are found over a
large area. So, a thorough geological investigation of the talc mineral belt in the foothills is warranted.
3. Marble
The quality and quantity of the Mirchang-Tala marble deposit need to be assessed so that the import of the marble
slabs from outside (of better quality than the Gidakom marble) to meet domestic demand could be reduced.
4. Huge reserves of dolomite
Since the Dzongkhag has ample industrial land and is close to the Indian markets, possible chemical industries based
on the huge reserves of dolomite available in the area, can be looked into.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
58
5.9 Human Resources1 and Skills
The Royal Bhutan Institute of Technology located at Kharbandhi provides higher education in engineering. The
institute offers 30 seats for Bachelor of Technology Degree in Civil & Electrical Engineering, 100 seats for
Diploma and 30 seats for Certificate in Mechanical trades are available annually. In the private sector, computer and
IT training institute provides vocational programmes.
a. Royal Bhutan Institute of Technology (RBIT), Chhukha
S. No. Degree/Diploma Intake
1 B. Tech. (Civil & Electrical) 30
2 Diploma
���� Civil
���� Electrical
���� Mechanical
45
40
15
3 Certificate (Mechanical) 30
Total 160 Table: 5.9 (a) Royal Bhutan Institute of Technology (RBIT), Chhukha
b. Computer & Management Institute (CMI) -Phuentsholing
S. No. Degree/Diploma Intake
1 Computer Programming,
Commercial Accounting & Office Management 100
2 Advanced Computer Operation,
Commercial Accounting & Office Management 100
3 Advanced Computer Operation
Office Management & Basic Accounting 100
4 Computer Hardware 100
Total 400 Table 5.10 (b) Computer & Management Institute (CMI)-Phuentsholing
Analysis of Human Resources
It is apparent that there are no vocational training institutes geared to meeting the demands of the business sector
despite the existence of a number of large and medium scale industries, and trading activities in the Dzongkhag.
Skilled manpower is in short supply locally. Vocational training institutes catering to local business demands,
therefore, hold potential. In the industrial sector, and particularly for chemical industries, industry specific skills
development centres are strong possibilities.
Source: 1Department of Human Resources, Ministry of Labour & Human Resources, Thimphu.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
59
5.10 SWOT analysis
Strengths
1. Excellent road connectivity
2. Economically well developed
3. Main trade route with India
4. Rich mineral deposits
5. Well established education and health infrastructure
(High technical education)
6. Adequate power and water supply
7. Agriculture Extension Centre
8. Livestock Extension Centre
9. RNR Extension Centre
10. Hydro power generation
11. Existing industrial estate with developed
infrastructure to support further growth
Weaknesses
1. Terrain from low to high altitude
2. Lack of waste / effluent disposal facilities
3. Some Gewogs are remote and relatively poor
4. Lack of entrepreneurial spirit in local population
5. Weak infrastructure to support main trade route
with India
Opportunities
1. Services to support heavy industrial activities
2. Tourist circuits and innovative tourist products
3. Service to support hydropower generation &
maintenance
4. International education and BPO hub
5. Non wood resources can support fragrance and
aromatic products
6. Wood availability can sustain wood based industries
7. Rich mineral base
8. IT & BPO Services
Threats
1. Cheap products & services from India
2. Marginal forest cover may be threatened with
further land development
Table 5.10 SWOT Analysis
5.11 Need for Government Support a. The horticulture and livestock produce are in surplus beyond the local consumption. As such,
Government can support setting up of a collection centre for inter-Dzongkhag trade.
b. High technology green house for exotic vegetables and floriculture could be established. The initial
investment can be made by the Government through suitable developmental funding and it can run on a
self sustaining model. The local farmers/entrepreneurs should be encouraged to cultivate exotic
vegetables, flowers and other value added crops after getting the saplings from the green house.
c. Municipal solid waste is going to pose serious environmental threat to this Dzongkhag. A feasibility
study should be conducted by the Government for MSW collection, disposal and conversion into bio
mass/energy and take CDM benefit.
d. Setting up of centers for bio-technology research and ITES/BPO services could be explored. Young
educated Bhutanese should be encouraged to venture out into these areas with initial infrastructure
support from Government and private venture capital support.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
60
5.12 Investment Opportunity Ideas With easy access to the Indian market and serving as gateway to Bhutan, Phuenstholing area has developed as trade
and industrial hub. A number of new industries under construction in Pasakha Industrial Estate, once operational will
boost business activities in the area. Based on the analysis of the resources and facilities, the potential for
establishment of business activities in trade, manufacturing and services exists as listed below. These could be
predominantly small enterprises as constraints in terms of land and utilities would not support large scale activities
particularly in manufacturing in the short run. Interested investors should, however, undertake detailed project studies
before making investment as these are only project ideas. .
a. Trade
���� Branded souvenir shops
���� Retail shops
���� Wholesale trade
b. Manufacturing ���� Post harvest processing
i. Farm level handling
ii. Cold storage
iii. Cold chain
iv. Packaging
v. Storage & preservation
vi. Ripening chambers
vii. Fruit & vegetable cleaning, grading, processing, packaging and retailing
viii. Oil expelling unit
ix. Breakfast cereal production units (corn based)
���� Dairy farming & milk collection centre
���� Dairy products manufacturing unit
���� Poultry/piggery farm
���� Cattle feed unit
���� Quartzite-based industries
���� MgCo3 and CaCo3 extraction from dolomite
���� Electronics industry cluster
���� Garment industry cluster
���� Packaged drinking water
c. Services
���� IT park
���� R &D center and laboratories
���� Heavy equipment repair workshop
���� Tour information/services for regular short-term Indian tourists
���� Vocational institutes
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
61
Punakha served as the winter capital till 1955 and Punakha Dzong
continues to be the winter residence of the Central Monk Body. The
first hereditary Monarch King Ugyen Wangchuck was enthroned on
17 December, 1907, in Punakha. Pungthang Dechen Phodrang in
Punakha Dzongkhag was constructed by Zhabdrung Ngawang
Namgyel in 1637 and is renowned for its historical importance.
It is a fortress town with an important Buddhist monastery. It has 10
Gewogs namely Barp, Chhubu, Dzomo, Goenshari, Guma, Kabjisa,
Lingmukha, Shenga Bjime, Talo and Toewang with an area of 973 sq.
km. and a population of 17,715 as per census 2005. Except for Talo
and Guma Gewogs, most gewogs are located along the banks of Pho-
chhu and Mo-chhu with elevation ranging from 1200-4800 m above
sea level.
6.1 Basic Infrastructure
a. Roads1
This Dzongkhag headquarter is well connected with Thimphu and Wangduephodrang by road. However, the
majority of farm households still lack direct access to motor roads, which poses considerable difficulty in transporting
farm surplus to market.
S. No. Roads Km.
1 National Highway 9
2 Feeder Road 96 Table 6.1 (a) Roads -2005
b. Distances2 to other Dzongkhags
S. No. From To Distance (Km.)
1 Punakha Thimphu 71
2 Punakha Damphu 126
3 Punakha Wangdue 23
4 Punakha Gelephu 219 Table 6.1 (b) Distances to other Dzongkhags
c. Education
3
Punakha had a total of 12 schools for 4,579 students in 2006, as detailed below:
S. No. Type of Schools Nos. (2006)
1 Community School 5
2 Primary School 2
3 Lower Secondary School 3
4 Middle Secondary School 1
5 Higher Secondary School 1 Table 6.1 (c) Type of Schools -2006
Source: 1 Department of Roads, Ministry of Works & Human Settlement, Bhutan. 2Road Safety & Transport Authority, MoIC, Bhutan. 3General Statistics 2006-Year Book, Department of School Education, Ministry of Education, Bhutan.
6 Punakha
Figure 6.1 Punakha Dzongkhag
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
62
d. Health Facilities 1
The Dzongkhag has the following health facilities.
S. No. Health Facilities Nos. (2005)
1 Hospital 1
2 BHU’s 5
3 Outreach Clinics 9 Table 6.1 (d) Health Facilities-2005
e. Postal & Telecommunication
For postal services, the Dzongkhag has only one regional post office, one fax office and 632 lines rural telephone
exchange.
f. Electricity: Over 30% of the rural households have access to electricity.
S. No. Year 2005
1 Towns Electrified 1
2 Total No. of Villages Electrified 135
3 Total No. of Households Electrified 2544 Table 6.1(e) Electrical Connections-2005
g. Water Supply
Almost 60 % of the households have access to piped drinking water supply.
i. Type of Land
S. No. Type of Land Area in Acres (2005)
1 Wet-Land 6656
2 Dry-Land 884
3 Tseri / Pangshing 143
4 Kitchen Garden 373
5 Orchard 64 Table 6.1 (f) Type of Land
6.2 Trade & Industry2
In Punakha Dzongkhag, 119 trade licences (116 retail licences, 3 dealership licences), 6 production and
manufacturing license (6 for cottage industry) and a total of 101 licences for services (7 for small, 94 for cottage
industry) were issued, as on 31.12.2005.
Available Resources:
6.3 Agriculture3
Punakha has excellent production of paddy and wheat which are the main crops for commercial utilization.
a. Crops Production (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Crops
Gewogs Paddy Bean Barley Wheat Maize Mustard
1 Chhubu 586.58 13.07 00.00 45.41 23.65 9.47
2 Dzome 1135.47 10.75 00.00 60.12 16.64 23.87
3 Goenshari 178.12 3.44 19.43 25.23 8.98 00.00
4 Guma 834.20 00.00 00.00 41.69 00.00 11.42
5 Kabjisa 1258.21 44.30 50.37 67.38 00.70 17.54
6 Limbukha 446.96 11.04 32.59 39.13 00.00 00.00
Source: 1Statistical & Planning Officers, Dzongkhag Administration-Punakha. 2Industrial Licensing and Monitoring Division, Department of Industry, MoEA, Bhutan.
3Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture & Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer, Dzongkhag Administration - Punakha.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
63
S. No. Crops
Gewogs Paddy Bean Barley Wheat Maize Mustard
7 Shengana 835.42 23.32 30.80 160.54 37.58 16.66
8 Talo 864.03 47.78 33.30 71.15 239.32 12.54
9 Toewang 775.89 4.45 00.00 59.57 239.32 91.53
Total Production (MT) 6914.88 158.15 166.49 570.22 566.19 183.03 Table 6.3 (a) Crops Production -2005
b. Main Crops for Commercial Utilization 1(Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Crops Production (MT)
1 Paddy 6914.88
2 Wheat 570.22 Table 6.3 (b) Main Crops for Commercial Utilization-2005
Analysis of Agriculture Produce
The data shows that paddy and wheat are grown in all the gewogs of the Dzongkhag. The volumes produced are
substantial, considering the low population of the Dzongkhag, thus can be considered for processing and trade.
c. Livestock Population
2
Local cattle, pig and jersey cows are the main farm animals as below:
S. No. Livestock Total (Nos.)
1 Local Cattle 8991
2 Jersey Cows 2094
3 Mithun (Cross breed) 1882
4 Pig 2459 Table 6.3 (c) Livestock Population-2005
d. Livestock Product2
The following table gives main livestock products.
S. No. Livestock Product Production
1 Milk (Lt.) 417608
2 Butter (Kg.) 41586
3 Cheese (Balls) 333128 Table 6.3 (d) Livestock Product -2005
Analysis of Livestock Produce
Milk and other livestock products may be just sufficient for the local population. However, should there be small
surplus, the products find market access to nearby urban centres including Thimphu town.
Source: 1Agriculture Statistics-2005, Department of Agriculture, MoA & Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer, Dzongkhag Administration - Punakha. 2Dzongkhag Livestock Officer, Dzongkhag Administration - Punakha.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
64
6.4 Horticulture1
a. Vegetables Production (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Vegetables
Gewogs Potato Radish Chilli Tomato Onion Turnip
Green
Leaves
1 Chhubu 32.39 30.43 128.00 24.03 4.33 00.00 45.97
2 Dzome 65.90 29.06 57.63 00.00 16.88 21.38 22.74
3 Goenshari 7.80 3.87 8.62 00.00 2.50 00.00 00.00
4 Guma 00.00 110.88 260.51 00.00 00.00 00.00 00.00
5 Kabjisa 164.86 35.99 245.85 00.00 5.60 18.26 6.61
6 Limbukha 196.35 144.45 86.84 00.00 2.49 00.00 7.48
7 Shengana 36.32 22.68 20.83 00.00 6.65 139.68 2.16
8 Talo 144.11 165.14 124.58 00.00 3.70 69.74 3.55
9 Toewang 25.26 7.25 45.12 8.49 .66 00.00 1.06
Total Production (MT) 672.99 549.75 977.98 32.52 42.81 249.06 89.57 Table 6.4 (a) Vegetables Production-2005
b. Main Vegetables for Commercial Utilization (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No Vegetables Production (MT)
1 Chilli 977.98 Table 6.4 (b) Main Vegetables for Commercial Utilization -2005
c. Fruit Production (Production in Metric Ton)
S. No. Fruit
Gewogs Mandarin Banana
1 Chhubu 65.92 5.15
2 Dzome 30.36 11.27
3 Goenshari 00.00 00.00
4 Guma 66.29 31.28
5 Kabjisa 207.64 8.99
6 Lingmukha 17.00 00.00
7 Shengana 35.11 00.00
8 Talo 60.83 00.00
9 Toewang 89.01 12.65
Total Production (MT) 572.16 69.34
Table 6.4 (c) Fruit Production -2005
Analysis of the Horticulture Produce
A variety of fruits and vegetables are cultivated as shown above. Among these chilli, mandarin and banana are the
main produces that hold potential for commercial utilization.
6.5 Wood2
Timber demand & production potential are as given in the table below:
Production Potential
Inside FMUs Out side FMUs
Existing Potential
Total
Demand
Difference
Available Log
(Cubic Meter)
0 0 9813 9813 2643 7170 Table 6.5 Timber Demand & Production Potential (2005-2009)
Analysis of the Wood Resource
Although the above estimate indicates timber surplus, no new industries are suggested in view of the general
shortage of timber at the national level and lack of operating FMUs in the Dzongkhag.
Source: 1Agriculture Statistics-2005, Department of Agriculture, MoA & Dzongkhag Agriculture Officer, Dzongkhag Administration - Punakha. 2 Forestry Resources Development Division, Department of Forestry Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Bhutan.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
65
6.6 Tourism1- Punakha
Existing Potential
1. Attractions
• Main attractions are the Punakha Dzong and
temples like Chimi Lhakhang.
• Whitewater sports on Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu are
already promoted.
• Punakha also has two hot springs.
• Whitewater sports could be further developed to
make it a major attraction in this area.
• Koma Tsachu could become a popular hot spring but
needs proper approach road and facilities.
• Sinchu La trek from Thimphu (3 days) during
springtime could be promoted. Punakha also has
good potential for mountain biking.
2. Lodging Facilities
Three tourist lodges and two local hotels are operating.
3. Food Service Facilities
12 restaurants/bars mainly in Khuruthang. One “proper” restaurant near the Dzong, is required.
4. Transportation and Access
Adequate transportation and access.
5. Other Public Services/ Facilities
Health services, fire, police, waste management, water
supply and parking spaces are available.
Waste management needs improvement. Public toilets
near tourist places required.
Table 6.6 Tourism -Punakha
Punakha, according to DoT’s tourism monitor, is already the most visited “sight” in Bhutan. Proper hotels would
facilitate longer stays here. Punakha has great tourism potential in short cultural treks, trek routes to Lunana,
whitewater sports, and cultural tourism.
6.7 Minerals2
6.7.1 Resource data
a. Tungsten mineralization in Thimphu gneiss
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description Scheelite (tungsten) mineralization occurs in skarn bodies and this type of rocks
occurs near Jumthang, Olekha, Botokha, Rimchhu, Amrimo, Basha, Yemina, Geza
etc. in the Mochhu valley. The thickness of the skarn bodies varies from a few
metres to 100 m. They have analyzed tungsten values ranging from 50 to 3700 ppm.
Stream sediment sampling has indicated presence of tin in the area. Geological
mapping was also done in the Phochhu and Shenga Rongchhu valleys but no
significant mineralization has been found.
2 Reserves NA
3 Exploitation None
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
No significant mineralization to warrant further investigation in the area as of now.
Table 6.7.1(a) Tungsten Mineralization in Thimphu gneiss
b. Stone quarry at Botokha
S. No. Topic Details
1 Description White granitic gneiss with thin partings of garnetiferous mica schist interbedded with
amphibolit schist and fine-grained micaceous quartzite occur at Botokha, Kabesa
Gewog. The granitic gneiss can be used as blocks, slabs and aggregates in the
construction industry.
2 Reserves 0.160 mio tons of quarriable material estimated.
3 Exploitation Located in private property and meant to be quarried by the land owner.
4 Existing/Potential
Enterprises
This type of granitic gneiss is available in other areas of the Dzongkhag and can be
studied and mined on a case-to-case basis. Table 6.7.1(b) Tungsten Mineralization in Thimphu gneiss
Source: 1Tourism Resources Inventory of Bhutan, Volume I & II August 15, 2005 & Bhutan Land of the Thunder Dragon -2005, Department of Tourism. 2(a) The Bhutan Himalaya: A Geological Account- Special Publication 39, Edited by O.N. Bhargava, Geological Survey of India, 1995.
(b) Atlas of Mineral Resources of the ESCAP Region, Volume 8, Bhutan – United Nations ESCAP and Department of Geology & Mines of
Bhutan, 1991 and Department of Geology & Mines, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Thimphu.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
66
6.8 Human Resources1 and Skills
The Dzongkhag has one vocational institute.
Vocational Training Institute (VTI) – Khuruthang, Punakha
S. No. Diploma Intake
1 Electrical Engineering 50
2 Civil Construction N.A
Total 50 Table 6.8 (a) Vocational Training Institute (VTI) – Khuruthang, Punakha
6.9 SWOT Analysis
Strengths
1. Well connected with capital Thimphu and
Wangdue Phodrang
2. Ancient capital of the country
3. Livestock extension center
4. RNR Extension center
5. Availability of electricity and water
Weaknesses
1. Lacks internal service roads
2. Lack of skilled man power and farm labour
3. Wholesale trade is controlled from Wangdue
Phodrang.
4. Lacks industry supporting development
infrastructure
5. Lacks internet connectivity
Opportunities
1. Tremendous scope for greenhouse and
high value crop cultivation
2. International educational hub
3. Rural tourism circuit
4. Vocational training institute to support
availability of technically trained manpower
Threats
1. Industrial development may disturb strong
agriculture base
Table 6.9 SWOT Analysis
5.10 Need for Government Support
a. The Dzongkhag has investment development potential and entrepreneurship zeal among the
local inhabitants. It requires supporting infrastructure like connectivity with other developed
Dzongkhags, internet connectivity, business facilitation centre, vocational training institutes and
other modern amenities. Government could consider declaring the Dzongkhag as a special
development zone and provide incentives, for investments in the Dzongkhag.
b. The agriculture, horticulture and livestock produce are in surplus. As such, Government can
support setting up of a collection centre for inter-Dzongkhag trade.
Source: 1Department of Human Resources, Ministry of Labour & Human Resources, Thimphu.
Dzongkhag-wise Inventory of Resources-Bhutan
67
5.11 Investment Opportunity Ideas
Analysis of the resources as enumerated above coupled with interactive site visit in the Dzongkhag, indicates potential for
investment in the following areas, which are listed under the heads Trade, Manufacture and Services. Interested investors are
advised to undertake detailed project studies before making investment.
a. Trade
���� Retail trade in electrical and electronics
���� Farm machinery
���� Branded souvenir shops
b. Manufacturing
���� Dehydration and vacuum packaging of vegetable/fruits
(Apricots, pears, dates, persimmons etc.)
���� Soya bean based products
���� Oil extraction plant (mustard and other)
���� Bakery
���� Organic farms
���� Animal feed plant
���� Dairy plant/ milk collection centre
���� Mineral / Spring Water bottling plant
���� Incense manufacturing
���� Floriculture unit and flower fragrance extraction plant
c. Services
���� Entertainment center
���� Movie theatre/multiplex
���� Quality restaurant/café near the Dzong
���� Private college
���� Development of Hot springs at Koma Tsachu & Phochhu
���� Courier
���� Insurance services