Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 2
Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 5
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Transcript of Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 5
Chapter 30: 19th Century Art in Europe and the United States
Symbolism, Sculpture, Arts and Crafts, Art Noveau
Magister RicardAP Art History
Developments of Late 19th Century
• Artists continued to build on the foundations laid by the Realists and Impressionists
• Probing the inner mind of art, Post Impressionists established the foundation for Symbolists
• Sculptors began to stray from copying reality towards exploring the inner essence of life
• Wealthy patrons were hungry for innovative designs for interior spaces
• Fin de siècle (end of the century) serves as a transition into Modernism of 20th century
What is Symbolism?
Symbolism
Give visual form to states of mind
Inner world of fantasy, stressed
imagination
States of mind or emotion
Irrational subjects of the human
mind
Who Were the Symbolists?
• Inspired heavily by Goya’s black paintings and etchings• Inspired also by Gauguin’s work focused on inner visions• Odilon Redon, Gustave Moreau, Henri Rousseau, and
Edvard Munch• Like the Romantics, opposed values of rationalism and
material progress• Explored non-material, emotion, imagination, spirituality• Accompanied by literature, Freud’s Interpretation of
Dreams
Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
The Sacred Grove
1884oil on canvas2 ft. 11 1/2 in. x 6 ft. 10 in.
Odilon Redon
The Cyclops
1898oil on canvas2 ft. 1 in. x 1 ft. 8 in.
Gustave Moreau
Jupiter and Semele
ca. 1875oil on canvas7 ft. x 3 ft. 4 in.
Gustave Moreau
Oedipus and the Sphinx
1864oil on canvas81 1/4 x 41 1/4 in.
Henri Rousseau
The Sleeping Gypsy
1897oil on canvas4 ft. 3 in. 6 ft. 7 in.
SCULPTURELate 19th Century Art
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux
Ugolino and His Children
1865-1867marble6 ft. 5 in. high
ART NOUVEAULate 19th Century Art
What is Art Nouveau?
• Got its name from a decorative art store in Paris, L’Art Nouveau
• Influenced by Arts and Crafts Movement • Started in Britain as reaction to Industrial
Revolution• Features organic designs – artwork that has
qualities of organic life – plants, floral patterns, vines
Antonio Gaudi
Casa Milá
Barcelona, Spain
1907
Aubrey Beardsley
The Peacock Skirt for Oscar Wilde’s Salome
1894pen-and-ink illustration
Gustav Klimt
Death and Life
1908-11oil on canvas
70 1/8 x 78 in.
Louis Comfort Tiffany
Lotus Table Lamp
ca. 1905leaded favrile glass, mosaic and bronze2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high
ARCHITECTURELate 19th Century Art
Conclusion
• Symbolism grows out of the Post Impressionist’s style (Gauguin)
• Sculpture, via Rodin, starts to move away from Neoclassical dogma and into modern convention
• Arts and Crafts Movement reacts to Industrial Revolution
• Art Nouveau grows as a continued response against industrialization, return to organic art
• With new materials comes new architecture, cast iron gives birth to the idea of the skyscraper