Chapter 3 - Test Questions

7/17/2019 Chapter 3 - Test Questions

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Leifer: Introduction to Maternity & Pediatric Nursing, 6th Edition

Chapter 03: Feta !e"eop#ent

$est %an

M'L$IPLE C()ICE

1. The total number of chromosomes contained in a mature sperm or ovum is:a. 22.

b. 23.

c. 44.d. 46.

ANS: B

ametes !se" chromosomes# contain 23 chromosomes.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 32 B/: 2

T0: ameto(enesis *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NAS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

2. A pre(nant +oman states 78 husband hopes % +ill (ive him a bo8 because +e havethree (irls.9 The nurse e"plains that:

a. the se" chromosome of the fertilied ovum determines the (ender of the child.

b. +hen the sperm and ovum are united there is a ;<= chance the child +ill be a (irl.

c. +hen the p5 of the female reproductive tract is acidic the child +ill be a (irl.d. if a sperm carr8in( a chromosome fertilies an ovum then a bo8 is produced.

ANS: $>hen a ?bearin( sperm fertilies an ovum a male child is produced.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 33 B/: 3T0: Se" $etermination *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation

S': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

3. @sin( a dia(ram the nurse points out the most common site for fertiliation +hich is

the:

a. lo+er se(ment of the uterus.

b. outer third of the fallopian tube near the ovar8.c. upper portion of the uterus.

d. area of the fallopian tube farthest from the ovar8.

ANS: B

&ertiliation taes place in the outer third of the fallopian tube +hich is closest to the ovar8.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: pp. 33?34 B/: 3T0: &ertiliation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


'op8ri(ht 2C11 b8 Saunders an imprint of -lsevier %nc.



Test Ban

4. The embr8o is termed a fetus at +hich sta(e of prenatal developmentD

a. 2 +ees

b. 4 +eesc. E +ees

d. 16 +ees

ANS: '

The fetus !third sta(e of prenatal development# be(ins at the ninth +ee and continues until

the 4Cth +ee of (estation or until birth.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3; B/: 4

T0: 0renatal $evelopmental ilestones *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


<. The nurse e"plains to a pre(nant patient that blood is circulatin( throu(h the placenta to

the fetus b8 +a8 of:

a. one umbilical vein. b. t+o umbilical veins.

c. one umbilical arter8.d. t+o umbilical arteries.

ANS: AThe umbilical vein transports richl8 o"8(enated blood from the placenta to the fetus.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: ;

T0: &etal 'irculation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

6. The nurse e"plains that the usual location for implantation of the 8(ote is the:a. upper section of the posterior uterine +all.

b. lo+er portion of the uterus near the cervical os.

c. inner third of the fallopian tube near the uterus.d. lateral aspect of the uterine +all.

ANS: A

The 8(ote usuall8 implants in the upper section of the posterior uterine +all.


T0: %mplantation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NAS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

;. The embr8onic membrane that contains fin(erlie proFections on its surface +hich attach

to the uterine +all is the:a. amnion.

b. 8ol sac.

c. chorion.

d. decidua basalis.


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Test Ban

ANS: '

The chorion is a thic membrane +ith fin(erlie proFections !villi# on its outermost surface.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: pp. 34?3< B/: 4

T0: Accessor8 Structures of 0re(nanc8 *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NAS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

G. The nurse e"plains that the hormone responsible for convertin( the endometrium intodecidual cells for implantation is:

a. estro(en.

b. human chorionic (onadotropin.

c. human placental lacto(en.d. pro(esterone.

ANS: $

At hi(h levels pro(esterone maintains the endometrial linin( for implantation of the 8(ote.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: 6T0: 0lacenta *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA


E. >hen the patient ass +hen her infantHs heart +ill be(in to pump blood the nurse replies

that blood circulation be(ins:

a. b8 the end of +ee 3.

b. be(innin( in +ee G.c. at the end of +ee 16.

d. be(innin( in +ee 24.

ANS: A

The fetal heart be(ins to pump b8 +ee 3 of (estation.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 36 B/: <

T0: 0renatal $evelopment *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step:

NA


1C. %n fetal circulation the purpose of the ductus venosus is to b8pass the:

a. liver. b. heart.

c. lun(s.

d. idne8s.

ANS: A

&etal blood b8passes the liver throu(h the ductus venosus b8 carr8in( blood directl8 to the

inferior vena cava.


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Test Ban

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: ;

T0: 0renatal $evelopment *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA


11. @ntreated respirator8 distress in the ne+born could cause +hich complicationD

a. -sopha(eal atresia

b. astric dilationc. 'old stress

d. ,eopenin( of the foramen ovale

ANS: $

,espirator8 distress can cause increased pressure in the ri(ht ventricle causin( reopenin( of

the foramen ovale.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: Application ,-&: p. 4C B/: ;

T0: &etal 'irculation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

12. $urin( an ultrasound t+o amnions and t+o placentas are observed. The nurse is a+arethat this pre(nanc8 +ill result in IIIII t+ins.

a. di8(otic

b. mono8(otic

c. conFoinedd. hi(h birth?+ei(ht

ANS: A$i8(otic t+ins al+a8s have t+o amnions and t+o chorions !placentas#.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: Anal8sis ,-&: p. 41 B/: GT0: ultifetal 0re(nanc8 *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: Assessment


13. A +oman +ho is 2< +ees pre(nant ass the nurse +hat her fetus loos lie. The nursee"plains that one ph8sical characteristic present in a 2<?+ee?old fetus is:

a. lanu(o coverin( the bod8.

b. constant motion.c. sin that is pin and smooth.

d. e8es that are closed.

ANS: A

B8 2< +ees the bod8 of the fetus is covered +ith lanu(o the e8es are open the sin is

+rinled and the fetus has definite periods of movement and sleepin(.


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Test Ban

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: Application ,-&: p. 3; Table 3?1

B/: < T0: 0renatal $evelopment

*-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

14. At +hat point in prenatal development do the lun(s be(in to produce surfactantDa. 1; +ees

b. 2C +ees

c. 2< +eesd. 3C +ees

ANS: '

$urin( +ee 2< the alveoli be(in to produce surfactant +hich enables the alveoli to sta8open for adeJuate lun( o"8(enation to occur.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3; Table 3?1

B/: < T0: 0renatal $evelopment*-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA


1<. A +oman missed her menstrual period 1 +ee a(o and has come to the doctorHs office for

a pre(nanc8 test. The nurse no+s that the placental hormone measured in pre(nanc8tests is:

a. pro(esterone.

b. estro(en.

c. human chorionic (onadotropin.d. human placental lacto(en.

ANS: '5uman chorionic (onadotropin is the basis for most pre(nanc8 tests. %t is detectable in

maternal blood as soon as implantation occurs usuall8 ; to E da8s after fertiliation.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: 6

T0: Accessor8 Structures of 0re(nanc8 *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: Assessment


16. >hen preparin( to teach a class about prenatal development the nurse +ould include

information about folic acid supplementation because it is no+n to prevent:

a. con(enital heart defects. b. neural tube defects.

c. mental retardation.

d. premature birth.

ANS: B

%t is no+ no+n that folic acid supplements can prevent neural tube defects such as spina

bifida.


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Test Ban

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 3; B/: <

T0: 0renatal $evelopment *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step:0lannin(


1;. The nurse informs a class of e"pectant parents that the fetus is first considered viable at

the a(e of IIIII +ees.

a. 14 b. 2C

c. 2<

d. 3C

ANS: B

B8 2C +ees of (estation the lun(s have matured enou(h for the fetus to survive outside the

uterus !a(e of viabilit8#.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3; B/: <

T0: 0renatal $evelopmental ilestones *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NAS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

1G. The nurse e"plains that if one parent has a dominant (ene and the other parent does notthe percenta(e of children carr8in( the dominant (ene +ill be:

a. 1C=.

b. 2<=.

c. <C=.d. 1CC=.

ANS: '%f one parent has a dominant trait and the other does not then <C= of the children +ill inherit

the trait.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 33 B/: 4

T0: $ominant Traits *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


1E. The nurse e"plains that mono8(otic t+ins are freJuentl8 belo+ avera(e birth +ei(ht

because of inadeJuate:

a. space in the uterus. b. blood suppl8.

c. maternal health.

d. placental nutrition.

ANS: $

The sin(le placenta ma8 not be able to provide adeJuate nutrition to t+o fetuses.


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Test Ban

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 41 B/: G

T0: )o+ Birth?>ei(ht T+ins *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


2C. The school nurse counselin( a (roup of adolescent (irls states that sperm eFaculated near

the cervi":a. are destro8ed b8 the acidic p5 of the va(ina.

b. survive up to < da8s and can cause pre(nanc8.

c. lose their motilit8 in about 12 hours after intercourse.d. are usuall8 pushed out of the va(ina b8 the muscular action of the va(inal +all.

ANS: B

Sperm eFaculated near the cervi" can survive up to < da8s and cause pre(nanc8 even beforeovulation.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 33 B/: bFective: 3

T0: &ertiliation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

21. The nurse e"plains that survival of the and bearin( sperm after intercourse can be

affected b8 the +omanHs:

a. a(e. b. estro(en level.

c. bod8 temperature.

d. level of feminine h8(iene.

ANS: B

-stro(en levels and the p5 of the female reproductive tract can affect the survival of the ?

and ?bearin( sperm as +ell as their motilit8.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 33 B/: bFective: 3

T0: &ertiliation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

22. The normal umbilical cord is comprised of:

a. 1 arter8 carr8in( blood to the fetus and 1 vein carr8in( blood a+a8 from the fetus.

b. 1 arter8 carr8in( blood to the fetus and 2 veins carr8in( blood a+a8 from the fetus.c. 2 arteries carr8in( blood a+a8 from the fetus and 1 vein carr8in( blood to the fetus.

d. 2 arteries carr8in( blood to the fetus and 2 veins carr8in( blood a+a8 from the

fetus.

ANS: '

The umbilical cord is comprised of 2 arteries carr8in( blood a+a8 from the fetus and 1 veincarr8in( blood to the fetus.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: bFective: 6

T0: &etal 'irculation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA


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Test Ban


M'L$IPLE *E+P)N+E

23. A nurse is teachin( a class on fetal development to a class of hi(h school students and

e"plains the primar8 (erm la8ers. >hat are the (erm la8ersD Select all that appl8.a. -ctoderm

b. -ndoderm

c. esodermd. 0lastoderm

e. Blastoderm

ANS: A B 'The 8(ote transforms its embr8onic disc into three la8ers: the ectoderm the mesoderm and

the endoderm.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3< Bo" 3?1B/: 4 T0: 0rimar8 erm )a8ers

*-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementationS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

24. The amniotic fluid has several functions. >hat are the8D Select all that appl8.a. aintainin( an even temperature

b. %mpedin( e"cessive fetal movement

c. )ubricatin( fetal sin

d. Actin( as reservoir for nutrientse. Actin( as cushion for fetus

ANS: A -The amniotic fluid provides maintenance of even temperatureK prevents amnion from

adherin( to fetal sinK allo+s buo8anc8 s8mmetrical (ro+th and fetal movementK and acts

as a cushion for the fetus. Althou(h the fetus does s+allo+ amniotic fluid it has nonutritional value.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3< Bo" 3?1

B/: 6 T0: Amniotic &luid*-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


C)MPLE$I)N

2<. The nurse e"plains that prior to fertiliation each cell is reduced from 46 chromosomes to23 chromosomes. This is referred to as the IIIIIIIIII number.

ANS:

haploid


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Test Ban

>hen each cell reduces its chromosomes from 46 to 23 it is called the haploid number.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: 'omprehension ,-&: p. 31 B/: 3T0: 5aploid Number *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: %mplementation


26. The component of development that pro(rams the (enetic code into the nucleus of the

cell is IIIIIIIIIIII.

ANS:

$NA

The $NA pro(rams the (enetic code to the nucleus of the cell to be replicated.


T0: $NA *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA


2;. The vessels comprisin( the umbilical cord are cushioned and protected b8 a substance

called IIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIII.

ANS:

>hartonHs Fell8>hartonHs Fell8 is a substance in the umbilical cord that cushions and protects the vessels.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: *no+led(e ,-&: p. 3E B/: bFective: 1

T0: &etal 'irculation *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NAS': N')-: 5ealth 0romotion and aintenance: ro+th and $evelopment

)$(E*

2G. r(anie the developmental sta(es in the correct order.

a. &etus b. L8(ote

c. -mbr8o

d. Blastoc8st

e. orula

ANS:

B - $ ' AThe development follo+s these sta(es: 8(ote morula blastoc8st embr8o and fetus.

$%&: 'o(nitive )evel: Application ,-&: p. 36 B/: 4T0: &etal $evelopment *-: Nursin( 0rocess Step: NA



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