Animal Biology and Care, Third Edition. Sue Dallas and Emily Jewell. 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Companion Website: www.wiley.com/go/dallas/animal-biology-care

Chapter 3

Multiple Choice Questions Answers

1. The system responsible for transporting blood around the body is : A Urinary system B Circulatory system [True] C Lymphatic system D Digestive system

The correct answer is B. The circulatory system consists of the heart, the blood vessels and the blood, and its function is to transport the blood around the body.

2. Identify the vessel below that is NOT a part of the circulatory system : A Artery B Bronchiole [True] C Capillary D Vein

The correct answer is B. The bronchioles can be found in the lungs and so are part of the respiratory system.

3. As a general rule, arteries carry : A Urine B Lymph fluid C Oxygenated blood [True] D Deoxygenated blood

The correct answer is C. All arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body with the exception of the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

4. As a general rule, veins carry : A Urine B Lymph fluid C Oxygenated blood D Deoxygenated blood [True]

The correct answer is D. All veins carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart with the exception of the pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

5. The heart is made up of which type of muscle : A Skeletal muscle B Smooth muscle C Cardiac muscle [True]

The correct answer is C. Cardiac muscle forms the heart and is the only place in the animals body where it can be found.

6. The left side of the heart is responsible for pumping : A Oxygenated blood to the body [True] B Oxygenated blood to the lungs C Deoxygenated blood to the body D Deoxygenated blood to the lungs

The correct answer is A. The left side of the heart is slightly more muscular to havethepower and strength to pump blood up through the aorta and round to the rest of the body.

7. The chambers of the heart are known as : A Ventricles and areas B Ventricles and cavities C Atria and cavities D Atria and ventricles [True]

The correct answer is D. The heart can be divided into four chambers left and right atria that receive blood and the left and right ventricles that pump blood away from the heart.

8. The structures in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are called : A Atria B Alveoli [True] C Ventricles D Bronchi

The correct answer is B. The alveoli are the air sacs found at the base of the bronchial tree in the lungs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveoli to/from the surround-ing capillaries.

9. Air is filtered in the nasal passages by : A Cilia [True] B Flagella C Mitochondria D Capillaries

The correct answer is A. Cilia are hair-like structures that filter the air being breathed in and aim to prevent foreign bodies from entering the lungs.

10. The body system responsible for ensuring an animal utilises the food it eats is : A Circulatory B Endocrine C Digestive [True] D Excretory

The correct answer is C. The digestive system starts with the mouth where food is taken in and ends with the anus where faeces is eliminated from the body. Structures between the two allow for the food eaten to be broken down and absorbed into the body and utilised for growth, movement, etc.

11. Digestive enzymes are responsible for : A Slowing the consumption of food B Speeding up the consumption of food C Slowing the breakdown of food D Speeding up the breakdown of food [True]

The correct answer is D. Enzymes act as catalysts and speed up the breakdown of food for more timely use by the animal.

12. An animal that eats a predominantly meat-based diet is known as : A Omnivore B Carnivore [True] C Herbivore D Piscivore

The correct answer is B. Carnivores such as cats, lions, wild dogs, meerkats, etc. eat a diet that is made up of meat.

13. An animal that eats a diet balanced with meat and plant vegetation is known as : A Omnivore [True] B Carnivore C Herbivore D Piscivore

The correct answer is A. Omnivores such as dogs, foxes, chickens, badgers and hedgehogs eat a diet consisting of both meat- and plant-based matter.

14. A goat is an example of : A Omnivore B Carnivore C Herbivore [True] D Piscivore

The correct answer is C. Goats eat a diet rich in plant matter and so are herbivores. Examples of other herbivores include cattle, sheep, deer, elephants, wallabies and koalas.

15. Identify the body system that the kidneys are a part of : A Circulatory B Digestive C Respiratory D Excretory [True]

The correct answer is D. The excretory system is the body system responsible for remov-ing unwanted fluids from the body via the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra in mammals.

16. State the organ of the body in which the structures called nephrons can be found : A Kidney [True] B Heart C Lungs D Brain

The correct answer is A. Nephrons are filtration structures found in the kidneys.

17. Structures of the body that are responsible for conveying information/messages around the body are called : A Lymphocytes B Alveoli C Nephrons D Neurons [True]

The correct answer is D. Neurons are nerve cells responsible for transporting infor-mation to and from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) in the form of electrical signals.

18. State the system which controls the release of hormones into the body : A Excretory B Endocrine [True] C Digestive D Respiratory

The correct answer is B. The endocrine system consists of a number of glands located throughout the body which release hormones that have various functions within the body.

19. The organs responsible for detecting changes in the external environment of an animal are : A Kidneys B Lungs C Sensory organs [True] D Blood vessels

The correct answer is C. Receptors located in sensory organs such as the nose, skin, eyes and ears detect changes in the external environment, e.g. change in light levels, arrival of a predator in the environment, and this information is conveyed to the brain which coordinates an appropriate response.

20. The main structure of the integumentary system is : A Skin [True] B Heart C Lungs D Brain

The correct answer is A. The skin is the main structure of the integumentary system and serves to protect the animals body from damage.

21. The system that enables movement, supports the body and protects internal organs is : A Respiratory system B Reproductive system C Skeletal system [True] D Circulatory system

The correct answer is C. The skeletal system comprises bones and muscles which enable the movement of the animal, support the structure of the organism and also protect vital organs such as the brain, lungs, heart, etc.

22. The structural area where two bones meet is known as a : A Junction B Joint [True] C Endocrine gland D Lymph node

The correct answer is B. The area where two bones meet is known as a joint.

23. The time when a female animal is receptive to a male and ready to mate is known as : A Oestrus [True] B Oviduct C Ovogenesis

The correct answer is A. Many female animals need to be in the state of oestrus in order for them to accept the advances of a male animal and for mating to occur.

24. The testes are responsible for the production of : A Erythrocytes B Ova C Sperm [True]

The correct answer is C. Sperm are made in the testes. Erythrocytes are red blood cells and ova are made in the ovaries in the female animal.

25. The structure of the male animal that carries both urine and sperm is called : A Ureter B Oviduct C Urethra [True] D Artery

The correct answer is C. The urethra carries urine and sperm to the outside of the animal. The ureter is located between the kidney and the bladder, the oviduct is part of the reproductive system in the female animal and an artery is part of the circulatory system.