Chapter 3 Computer tools for teaching and learning
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Transcript of Chapter 3 Computer tools for teaching and learning
COMPUTER TOOLS
FOR
TEACHING AND LEARNING
COMPUTER SYSTEM
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
WHAT ARE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN COMPUTER
TOOLS AND TRADITION TOOLS FOR INSTRUCTION?
COMPUTER TOOLS
- Help teachers plan, implement, and evaluate instruction
- Help students during their learning
TRADITIONAL TOOLS
- Teacher planed and implemented instruction using typewriters, pencil, and paper.
TEACHER
ASSISTANT
LEARNER
• Using computer to present instruction directly to
students
• Providing instructional activities, situation, or
quizzes
• Evaluating learners’ responses and determining
appropriate follow up activities.
• Using the tools to “teach” the computer to
perform some task
• Helping teacher and learner in performing routine
work tasks
• Helping teacher in planning and managing
instruction
• Aiding students in organizing and presenting
their work.
Word Processors
Graphics Tools and Desktop Publisher
Presentation Software
Computer Databases and Database Management
Electronic Spreadsheets
Computer Telecommunication and
the Internet
Word Processor is a computer
application that allows you to enter, edit,
revise, format, store, retrieve, and print text.
+Graphic +Tabular
Microsoft word Corel WordPerfect
Text Entry
and editFormatting Special Features
Storage and
Retrieval
- Word wrap
- Cursor control
- Insertion
- Deletion
- Text selection
- Block operations
- Search and
replace
- Undo
- Fonts
- Type styles
- Margins and
tabs
- Text alignment
- Line spacing
- Paging
- Graphics
- Tables
- Others
-Printing
- Spelling
check
- Grammar
checker
-
Thesaurus
- Outliner
- Storage
- Retrieval
- File import and
export
1. It is simple to entering and editing text.
2. What you see is what you get.
3. It can storage (save) and retrieval.
Preparing
Recording ideas
Creating
Writing
Writing
Performing prewriting
activities
Typing handwritten notes
GRAPHICS TOOLS
AND
DESKTOP PUBLISHER
There are 2 basic types: Bitmapped, Vector
Bitmapped (or raster): each pixel directly maps, or corresponds to, a
portion of the image. The computer must keep track of position
and color information for each pixel. #become jagged looking
when scaled to larger size
Vector (or draw): the computer “remember” the steps involved in
drawing a particular graphic image. This information is
independent of a particular screen location or a graphic’s size.
#vector can be scaled without any loss of quality.
FEATURES OF GRAPHICS TOOLS
Creative Arts : permit you to produce original
artwork or modify existing artwork. There
are variety of stimulate tools intended to
mimic what an artist use (pencil,
paintbrush, color palette, eraser etc.).
You can select and control colors, and fill
shapes with colors and/or patterns, and
let you apply special effects (blurring,
textures, and the illusion of embossing).
Packages e.g.: Adobe Photoshop, Adobe
illustrator, Corel draw, Painter etc.
Business and scientific graphics : a
program accept data, from within the
program or from another source
(spread sheet – Microsoft excel), and
produce a chart or a graph .
Business graphics include bar chart,
pie chart, line graph etc. Scientific
focus on line graphs as well as
trigonometric and other
mathematical functions.
Packages e.g.: Cricket graph, graphical
analysis, Microsoft graph etc.
Mechanical Drawing : computer-
aided design (CAD) is used for
the production of blueprints and
factory floor layouts, for
landscape architecture, for the
design of machined parts, and
so on
Packages e.g.:
AutoCAD, PowerCADD, IntelliCAD
Print graphics : inexpensive
program that use built-in clip
art to produce simple
printed work such as
signs, banners, and greeting
cards etc.
Packages e.g.:
PrintMaster, PrintShop
Desktop Publishing : response to
demand for control over both text
and graphics on a printed page.
It gives users a high degree of
control over the composition and
layout of materials on printed
page. Desktop publishing
program typically afford greater
control and precision. This
software remains important
today both in the publishing
industry and for such
educational applications as
school newspapers.
Packages e.g.: Adobe PageMaker,
QuarkXPress, Ventura Publisher,
Publishing center etc.
EXAMPLE USES FOR TEACHER AND STUDENTS
Teacher’s Uses
Creating handouts, worksheets, and other instructional materials for student use.
Creating signs or other graphical materials for classroom display
Maintaining graphical information in a class database
Designing and producing a class newspaper to send home to parents
Student’s Uses
Making drawings for mini-books, reports, and other illustrated material
Creating a graph of data collected in the science laboratory
Producing major school works such as the school newspaper or yearbook
PROBLEMS AND PITFALLS
Student may tend to emphasize from over substance, with page
layouts programs, students (and teacher) often spend inordinate
time fiddling with how a document looks. They may experiment
with different fonts and page layouts at length while worrying
little about the content. With graphics tools too, students often
spend much time to experimenting with various features,
A DATABASE IS A
COLLECTION OF
INFORMATION. COMPUTER
DATABASE IS TO COLLECT
THE DATA BY USING THE
COMPUTER PROGRAM.
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED
DATABASE
Flexible access
Ease of manipulationAmount of information
Features of Computer Database Programs
FIELD
A single information category
such as first name, last name,
telephone number, or address
First Name _____________
RECORD
An organized collection of
information categories
First Name _______________
Last Name _______________
Telephone Number_________
Address__________________
DATAFILE
A collection of commonly
structured records
DATABASE
A collection of interrelated
datafiles
• Creating and maintaining
basic information about
students
• Collecting the test or quiz
questions referenced by
topic, book chapter, or
objective.
• Storing teaching
methods, strategies, and
lesson plan.
• Investigating the answer
to complex questions
through searching
databases
• Maintaining information of
various kinds
• Storing the tasks of each
subject
PRESENTATION SOFTWARE
Presentation Software is designed
for producing and displaying computer
text and images. Popular presentation
packages include Microsoft
PowerPoint, Adobe Persuasion, Lotus
Freelance Graphics, Corel WordPerfect
Presentations, and Gold Disc’s Astound.
FEATURES OF PRESENTATION SOFTWARE
Slide format
Slide templates
Slide special effects
Printing
Disk storage and retrieval
Text entry and editing
Graphics
Multimedia elements
Internet compatibility
TEACHERS’ USES
Supporting lectures or other presentation to groups in the classroom.
Making presentations to school boards, at professional meetings, or in other
nonschool settings. Recording the results of brainstorming or other
development activities in class.
Displaying information at events, most presentation packages support timed
or auto-run features that allow slide shows to run unattended.
Preparing notes, pictures, or other material that can be printed, transferred to
photographic slides, or converted for placement on the Web. a
STUDENTS’ USES
Making in- class presentations or reports and preparing
textual information, pictures, or other material that can be
printed, transferred to photographic slides, or converted for
placement on the Web.
PROBLEMS AND PITFALLS
Students may emphasize form over substance. When use
prepared templates, can make almost any content look good. First,
construct presentations using a blank template or in outline mode
to discourage them from focusing on the flashy elements of the
package. After creating the content, students then can focus on
adding visual appeal. Caution students to avoid overdoing
available effects when adding visual elements. Good design
principles still apply. Teacher who presentation software,
sometimes fall into the trap of wanting to turn everything into a
presentation. It is best to take a variety of approaches when trying
to reach different learners and help them stay actively involved.
ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET
Electronic spreadsheet
WHAT IS ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEET ?
-E L E C T R O N I C S P R E A D S H E E T S A R E G E N E R A L -
P U R P O S E C A L C U L A T I N G T O O L S
- I T I S L I K E A L A R G E P I E C E O F P A P E R T H A T H A S
B E E N M A R K E D O F F I N T O R O W S A N D C O L U M N S T O
F O R M A G R I D .
- N U M B E R A R E T H E B A S I C S T U F F T H A T
S P R E A D S H E E T S W O R K W I T H .
- F O R M U L A S A R E M A T H E M A T I C A L E X P R E S S I O N S
T H A T D I R E C T T H E S P R E A D S H E E T T O P E R F O R M
V A R I O U S K I N D S O F C A L C U L A T I O N S O N T H E
N U M B E R S E N T E R E D I N T H E C E L L S .
- P O P U L A R S P R E A D S H E E T S I N C L U D E M I C R O S O F T
E X C E L , L O T U S 1 - 2 - 3 , A N D Q U A T T R O P R O
Microsoft Excel
Lotus 1-2-3
Quattro Pro
FEATURE OF SPREADSHEETS
- Mathematical functions.
- Formatting.Text label or numbers can be aligned.
- Graphing. Most spreadsheet programs have graping capability. The program will
produce a graph of the data in the highlighted cells.
- Database elements. You can create a simple database in a portion of the
spreadsheet by treating the cells in a particular column as a database field.
- Macros. A macro is a short cut for encoding a series of
actions in a computer program. It provide a means of
performing a number of separate steps through a single
command.
- Printing and disk storage.
Uses for Teachers and Students
Teachers' Uses
- Creating a gradebook.
- Keeping other information about students.
- Tracking costs of classroom materials.
- Demonstrating complex calculations to a class.
Students' Uses
- Financial records of a student organization.
- Setting up a personal budget.
- Analyzing data from science experiments.
Problems and Pitfalls
- The spreadsheets is flawed formulas.
- Students may have a poor grasp of the limitations of the
limitations of the information produced by the spreadsheet
because they do not understand the underlying model or
mathematics.
Title
Bar
Menu
Bar
Name Box
Active cell
Row
Sheet BarCell
Formular
Bar
Status Bar
Tool
Bar
Column
Scroll
Bar
COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATIONS
AND THE INTERNET
InternetsiLocal-area networks
(LANs)
Wide area networks (WANs)
FEATURES OF COMPUTER TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Electronic Mail (e-mail) is
the most widespread
application of computer
telecommunications. It is
analogous to postal mail
but much faster and more
versatile. E-mail allows
private messages to be
sent and received from
individuals to other
individuals or from
individuals to groups.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Information Retrieval is one
of the most important
uses of internet. A source
of vast information
resource on the Internet
is the World Wide Web
(WWW or just the Web.)
The Web consists of
millions of sites of
information displayed in
hypermedia format.
INFORMATION PUBLISHING
Information Publishing is
being seen as a place
where organizations and
individuals can display
information for others to
view and/or retrieve.
So, many schools have
created their own
Websites, which
teachers, students, and
whole classes often use
for display of project as
well as for dissemination
of information about the
school.