Chapter 22: Illegal DrugsChapter 22: Illegal Drugs

Key TermsKey Terms

• Substance Abuse• Illegal Drugs• Illicit Drug Use• Overdose• Addiction• Marijuana• Paranoia• Inhalants• Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Key Terms, cont.Key Terms, cont.

• Psychoactive Drugs• Designer Drugs• Hallucinogens• Euphoria• Depressants• Stimulants• Opiates- drugs such as those derived from the opium

plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain.

• Rehabilitation- the process of medical and psychological treatment for physiological and psychological dependence on a drug or alcohol.

Health Risks of Drug UseHealth Risks of Drug Use

• Main Idea: Substance abuse includes the use of illegal substances, as well as the misuse of legal substances.

• Factors that influence teens– peer pressure, family members, role models, media messages, perceptions of drug behavior, and misleading information.

• According to the CDC, more than 70 percent of ninth graders have never used marijuana.

Effects of Drug UseEffects of Drug Use

• Physical effects• Mental effects• Social effects• Tolerance- a condition in which the body

becomes accustomed to the drug and causes the user to experience a need for more and more of the drug to achieve the desired effect.– Does this cause the gateway effect??

Consequences of Drug UseConsequences of Drug Use

• Teens who use illegal drugs may stop pursuing their interests and goals.

• May lead to other risky behaviors

• Drug use is a leading factor in teen depression and suicide.

• Drug use is directly related to violence

• Drug use puts a burden on family and friends.

MarijuanaMarijuana

• Studies have shown that a teen who uses marijuana is 15 times more likely to use cocaine than a teen who has never used marijuana.

• Effects of marijuana may vary from person to person, and can be influenced by a person’s mood and surroundings.

• Some effects include:– Hallucinations and paranoia

MarijuanaMarijuana

• Effects of Marijuana, cont.– Impaired short-term memory, reaction time,

concentration, and coordination.– Decreased initiative and ambition– Bloodshot eyes, dry mouth– Lung irritation, coughing– Heart and lung damage– Increased risk of lung cancer– Weakened immunity to infection

MarijuanaMarijuana

• Effects of Marijuana, cont.– Increased appetite– Increased risk of stillbirth and birth defects– Changed hormone levels– In females, risk of infertility– In males, lowered sperm count and

testosterone levels

Consequences of MarijuanaConsequences of Marijuana

• Marijuana smoke contains more cancer-causing chemicals than tobacco smoke.

• Marijuana contains 421 different chemicals.• Marijuana users often inhale the unfiltered

smoke, which can cause damage to the respiratory system.

• Marijuana raises levels of dopamine, which causes a pleasurable feeling (a “high”). When the drug wears off, the pleasure sensation stops, typically called a “crash.”

Consequences of MarijuanaConsequences of Marijuana

• The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimates that 10 to 22 percent of drivers involved in car crashes were on drugs.

InhalantsInhalants

• Most inhalants depress the central nervous system.

• Immediate effects include a glassy stare, slurred speech, impaired judgment, nausea, coughing, nosebleeds, fatigue, and lack of coordination.

SteroidsSteroids

• Steroid use can result in unnatural muscle growth.

• Some side effects include weight gain, acne, high blood pressure, and liver and kidney tumors.

• Steroids may cause violent behavior, extreme mood swings, depression, and paranoia.

Psychoactive DrugsPsychoactive Drugs

• Stimulants– Amphetamines– Cocaine– Crack– Methamphetamine (Meth)

• Depressants– Barbituates– GHB– Rohypnol (roofies)– Tranquilizers

Psychoactive Drugs, cont.Psychoactive Drugs, cont.

• Opiates– Codeine– Heroin– Morphine– Opium– Oxycodone (Oxycontin)

• Hallucinogens– DXM (tussins)– Ecstasy (MDMA)

Psychoactive Drugs, cont.Psychoactive Drugs, cont.

• Hallucinogens– Ketamine– LSD– Mescaline (peyote)– PCP– Psilocybin (mushrooms)

Psychoactive DrugsPsychoactive Drugs

• Club drugs, stimulants, and depressants can cause irreversible health damage.

• Hallucinogens and opiates seriously alter the sensory controls in the brain.

Living Drug-FreeLiving Drug-Free

• Most teens never experiment with illegal drugs.

• Choose healthy alternatives

• Find support from friends, family, and the community.

Media’s InfluenceMedia’s Influence

• Why does the media reference drugs so much?

Do we see a lot of anti-drug messages?– http://www.drugfree.org/Portal/About/NewsRel

eases/Fried_Egg_Message

Please……..Please……..

• Make Good Choices!!!!