Chapter 20 Community Ecology
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Transcript of Chapter 20 Community Ecology
Chapter 20Community
Ecology
Adaptations of Predators Spiders Sticky Web Wolf’s teeth- made for cutting flesh The speed of a cheetah
Natural selection favors the evolution of predator adaptations for finding, capturing, and consuming prey.
This angler fish lives so deep down in the ocean that no light can penetrate the depths.
To attract prey it has adapted the structure above its mouth to glow and wiggle like a worm.
When prey get close enough the sharp, needlelike teeth are adapted grasp and kill the prey
Adaptations of Animal Prey Skunks spray a
pungent odor. Porcupines have
defensive quills.
Adaptations of Animal Prey Deceptive Markings- one species closely
resembles another species.
Adaptations of Animal Prey Camouflage- imitate objects to blend in
with its environment
Adaptation of Plant Prey Physical Defenses Thorns, spines, sticky hairs, tough
leaves
Adaptation of Plant Prey Chemical Defense- Poisons or bad
tasting Ex: Poison Ivy
Symbiosis… Close, long-term relationship between
two organisms. 3 examples include: Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism
Parasitism… Similar to predation in that one organisms
called a host, is harmed and the other organism, called the parasite, benefits.
Parasite feeds on the host for a long time. Parasitism usually doesn’t result in
immediate death of the host. Ex: Endoparasites- heartworms, tapeworms Ex: Ectoparasites- Lice, leeches, fleas, ticks
Mutualism… Two species that derive some benefit
from each other. Ex: Pollination
Commensalism… Interaction in which one species benefits
and other is not affected. Ex: Species that scavenge for leftover
food Ex: Cattle Egrets, Sucker Fish
Defenses we have against Parasites… Skin Tears Saliva Mucus Cells of our immune system that attack
parasites