Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems...
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Transcript of Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems...
![Page 1: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2Paradigms, Theory, And Research
Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction The Links Between Theory and Research The Importance of Theory in the “Real World”
![Page 2: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Three Functions of Theory
Prevents "flukes“. Make sense of observed patterns in ways that
suggest other possibilities. Shapes and directs research efforts.
![Page 3: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Social Science Paradigms
Positivism - assumes we can scientifically discover the rules governing social life.
Conflict - focuses on attempts of a person or group to dominate and avoid being dominated.
![Page 4: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Social Science Paradigms
Symbolic interactionism - examines development of shared meanings and social patterns in the course of social interactions.
Ethnomethodology - focuses on how people make sense of life while they are living it.
![Page 5: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Social Science Paradigms
Structural functionalism - focuses on the functions the elements of society perform for the whole system of society.
Feminist paradigms - examines how previous images of social reality have often come from and reinforced the experiences of men.
![Page 6: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Traditional Model of Science
Theory Operationalization Observation
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Conducting a Deductive Theory
1. Specify the topic.
2. Specify the range of phenomena your theory addresses.
3. Identify and specify your major concerns and variables.
![Page 8: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Conducting a Deductive Theory
4. Find out what is known about the relationships among the variables.
5. Reason from those propositions to the topic you are interested in.
![Page 9: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Constructing an Inductive Theory
1. Observe aspects of social life.
2. Discover patterns that point to universal principles.
![Page 10: Chapter 2 Paradigms, Theory, And Research Some Social Science Paradigms Two Logical Systems Revisited Deductive Theory Construction Inductive Theory Construction.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082407/56649edf5503460f94bef569/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Linking Theory and Research
Deduction - deriving expectations or hypotheses from theories.
Induction - developing generalizations from specific observations.