CHAPTER 19 PROTISTA. Protists All Eukaryotes (Domain Eukarya) Most unicellular, some multicellular,...
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Transcript of CHAPTER 19 PROTISTA. Protists All Eukaryotes (Domain Eukarya) Most unicellular, some multicellular,...
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CHAPTER 19
PROTISTA
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Protists
All Eukaryotes (Domain Eukarya)
Most unicellular, some multicellular, some colonial (volvox)
Autotroph or heterotrophSome have chloroplastsSome have cell walls of cellulose
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Classifcation
Classified by what they are not rather than what they are
By their method of obtaining nutrition
Eukaryotes that do not belong to the plant, animal, or fungi kingdom
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Categories of Classification
How they obtain nutrition:Animal-Like – ex. AmeobasPlantlike – ex. Green algaeFunguslike – ex. Mildew
Table 19.1 (p.543)
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Animal-Like Protists
Like animals:Heterotrophs - (this means?)
Why are they not in the animal kingdom?Unlike animals:
These are unicellular whereas organisms in the animal kingdom are multicellular
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Plantlike Protists
Like plants:Autotrophs - make own food through photosynthesis
Unlike plants:Mostly unicellularDo not have roots, leaves, or other typical plant structures
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Fuguslike Protists
Like Fungus:Absorb their nutrients from other decaying organisms
Unlike Fungus:Cell walls are differentThese do not have chitin in their cell walls (Fungi do)
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Environment
Found in damp or aquatic environments
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Diverse Kingdom
These organisms do not fit into the other kingdom categories
This way they can still be classified in an organized fashion
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Animal-Like Protists (protozoans)
Classified by how they moveCiliaPseudopodSporozoansFlagella
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Cilia
Short, hair-like projections (Fig. 19.4)
Used:To propel themselves through water
To move food particles into the cell
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Amoebas
Use a pseudopod to surround a smaller organism, forming a food vacuole
Oxygen and waste products diffuse in and out of the cell
Fig. 19.7 (p.550)
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Plantlike Protists
AlgaeDo not have roots, leaves or other structures typical of plants
Fig. 19.11
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Plantlike Protists
EuglenaHave plantlike and animal-like characteristics
Usually contain chloroplasts and photosynthesize
Are green in color Fig. 19.16
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Volvox
An alga that has a colonial growth patternGrows as a colony
May include hundreds or even thousands of cells that form a hollow ball
Fig. 19.19 (p.558)
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Uses of Algae
Food source for animals and people
Very nutritious due to high protein content, minerals, and vitamins
Table 19.2 (p.559)
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Where Algae Live
Why must algae live at or near the surface of the water?
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Funguslike Protists - Slime Molds
Use spores to reproduceFeed on decaying organic matterAbsorb nutrients through their cell walls
Found in damp, shady placesCell walls usually contain cellulose NEVER chitin (like true Fungi)