Chapter 14

Lecture 1, Pages 435-440

Blood vessels

Blood goes through arteries to arterioles to capillaries to venules to veins into either inferior vena cava or superior vena cava at the heart

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Arteries

Carry blood away from the heart toward the capillaries

Will carry bright red oxygenated blood with one exception, the pulmonary artery

Largest artery is the aorta

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Arteries

Made of an outer layer of connective tissue (tunica externa) and middle layer of smooth muscle (tunica media)Smooth muscle will contract to help move blood along & maintain blood pressureMuch thicker in arteries than in veinsMost of the force is supplied by the heart

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Arterioles

Small arteries that help maintain bp

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Capillaries

Exchange substances with the cells

Fluid, sugar, oxygen, wastes, carbon dioxide

Smallest of blood vessels (microscopic)

One cell thick membrane

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Capillaries

Carry blood from tiny arterioles into tiny venules

There is an exchange between blood & tissue fluid around the cells

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Veins

Collect blood from capillaries & take it back to the heart

Will carry “blue” unoxygenated blood with one exception, the pulmonary veins

Also made of connective tissue and smooth muscle but not as thick or as strong as arteries

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Veins

Veins do not have the force of the heart behind the blood (the pressure is lost in the capillaries)Gravity, skeletal muscle contractions around the veins, and the veins contracting some themselves help push blood back to the heart

Veins

Veins have one-way valves to prevent blood from backing up & making sure it keeps moving toward the heart

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Some major arteries and veinsSee figures 14-2 and 14-3, pages 438 & 439, and tables 14-1 and 14-2, pages 437 & 440

Know locationSome major arteries and veins previously mentioned in Chapter 13 have been left out here.

Arteries

Facial

Mouth, pharynx, face

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Common carotid

In neck to head pulse

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Subclavian

Upper extremity

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Celiac

Stomach, spleen & liver

Splenic

spleen

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Renal

kidney

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Superior mesenteric

Sm. Intestine, first part of lg. intestine

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Inferior mesenteric

Lower part of lg. intestine

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Axillary

armpit

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Brachial

Arm

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Radial

Lateral side of hand (thumb side)pulse QuickTime™ and a

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Ulnar

Medial side of hand (little finger side)

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Internal & external iliac

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Femoral

thigh

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Popliteal

Leg & foot (behind knee)

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Anterior tibial

leg

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Veins

External jugular

Head & neck

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Subclavian

Upper extremities

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Hepatic portal

Liver & gall bladder

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Cephalic

Lateral arm

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Basilic

Medial arm

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Median cubital

Between cephalic vein & basilic vein

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Femoral

thigh

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Great saphenous

Leg*Superficial, longest vein in the bodyUsed in bypass surgeries

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Anterior tibial

Anterior leg, dorsal foot

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