Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals...
-
Upload
kenia-ivers -
Category
Documents
-
view
228 -
download
1
Transcript of Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals...
![Page 1: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 14Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle•Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter.
•Rock Cycle- The Process by which new rock is made by old rock
![Page 2: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 14 Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 3: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Chapter 14The Value of Rock Ancient and modern civilizations have used rocks as construction materials.
Rock is also an important ingredient in concrete and plaster, used in todays construction
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 4: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chapter 14Processes That Shape the Earth
• Weathering- process in which water, wind, ice, and heat break down rock.
• Weathering is important because it breaks down rock into fragments of which sedimentary rock is made.
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 5: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chapter 14• The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another is called erosion.
• The process in which sediment moved by erosion is dropped and comes to rest is called deposition.
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 6: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Chapter 14Break !
![Page 7: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Chapter 14
• Heat and Pressure Sedimentary rock can also form when buried sediment is squeezed by the weight of overlaying layers of sediment.
• If the temperature and pressure are high enough, the rock can change into metamorphic rock.
• If the rock gets hot enough to melt, this creates the magma that eventually cools to form igneous rock.
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 8: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Chapter 14• How the Cycle Continues Buried rock is exposed at the Earth’s surface by a combination of uplift and erosion.
• Uplift is the movement within the Earth that causes rocks inside the Earth to be moved to the surface.
• When uplifted rock reaches the Earth’s surface, weathering, erosion, and deposition begin.
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 9: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Chapter 14• Composition is the chemical makeup of a rock. Composition can describe either the minerals or other materials in the rock.
• Texture is the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock’s grains.
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 10: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Chapter 14Rock Classification
Rock can be three main classes based on how the rock is formed:
Igneous rockMetamorphic rockSedimentary rock
Section 1 The Rock Cycle
![Page 11: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chapter 14Igneous Rock• Igneous rock forms when hot, liquid rock, or magma, cools and solidifies.
Section 2 Igneous Rock
![Page 12: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Chapter 14• When magma intrudes, or pushes, into surrounding rock below the Earth’s surface and cools, the rock that forms is called intrusive igneous rock.
• Intrusive igneous rock usually has a coarse-grained texture because it is well insulated by surrounding rocks and cools very slowly.
Section 2 Igneous Rock
![Page 13: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Chapter 14Section 2 Igneous Rock
![Page 14: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Chapter 14• Igneous rock that forms from magma that erupts, or extrudes, on the Earth’s surface is called extrusive igneous rock.
• Extrusive igneous rock, commonly found around volcanoes, cools quickly on the surface and contains very small crystals or no crystals.
Section 2 Igneous Rock
![Page 15: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Chapter 14Sedimentary Rock• Wind, water, ice, sunlight, and gravity all cause rock to physically weather into fragments.
• Through erosion, these rock and mineral fragments, called sediment, are moved from one place to another.
Section 3 Sedimentary Rock
![Page 16: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Chapter 14Break 2!
![Page 17: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Chapter 14• The most noticeable feature of sedimentary rock is its layers, or strata.• Stratification is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers.
Section 3 Sedimentary Rock
![Page 18: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chapter 14Composition of Sedimentary Rock
Clastic sedimentary rock is made of fragments of rocks cemented together by a mineral such as calcite or quartz.
• Clasitc sedimentary rocks can have coarse-grained, medium-grained, or fine-grained textures.
Section 3 Sedimentary Rock
![Page 19: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chapter 14• Chemical sedimentary rock forms from solutions of dissolved mineral and water.
• As rainwater slowly makes its way to the ocean, it dissolves some of the rock material it passes through.
• Some of this dissolved material eventually crystallized and forms the mineral that make up chemical sedimentary rock.
Section 3 Sedimentary Rock
![Page 20: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Chapter 14• Organic sedimentary rock is made up of the skeletons and shells of sea animals. These remains collect on the ocean floor and eventually become cemented together.
• Coal is a type of organic sedimentary rock that is formed when decomposed plant material is buried beneath sediment and is changed by increasing heat and pressure.
Section 3 Sedimentary Rock
![Page 21: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Chapter 14
Break 3: Devils Tower
![Page 22: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Chapter 14Metamorphic Rock
• Metamorphic rocks are rocks in which the structure, texture, or composition of the rock have changed.
Section 4 Metamorphic Rock
![Page 23: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chapter 14• Foliated Metamorphic Rock The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or band is called foliated.
• Foliated metamorphic rock usually contains aligned grains of flat minerals, such as biotite mica or chlorite.
Section 4 Metamorphic Rock
![Page 24: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Chapter 14• Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock The texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or band is called nonfoliated.
• Nonfoliated metamorphic rocks are commonly made of one or only a few minerals.
• During metamorphism, crystals of these minerals may change in size or the mineral may change in composition in a process called recrystallization.
Section 4 Metamorphic Rock
![Page 25: Chapter 14 Ch. 14: The Rock Cycle Rock a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter. Rock Cycle- The Process by which.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081501/56649cbf5503460f949857e7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Chapter 14• Metamorphic rock has features that indicates its history. These features are caused by deformation.
• Deformation is a change in the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it.
• These forces may cause a rock to be squeezed or stretched. Folds, or bends, in metamorphic rock are structures that indicate a rock has been deformed.
Section 4 Metamorphic Rock