12-1 Operations Management Inventory Management Chapter 12 - Part 2.
Chapter 12 Part 2
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Transcript of Chapter 12 Part 2
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Chapter 12 Part 2
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DO NOW• How have discoveries in
chemistry impacted people’s health and lives?
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Lesson 4 – Chemistry and Health (pg 386)
• Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin which led the way to antibiotics. They are used to kill bacteria.
• Vitamins are chemicals that are naturally found in certain foods and prevent many diseases.
• Fertilizers are chemicals used by farmers to help food to grow
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Silk is a very nice expensive material
Made from silk worm cocoons
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A french scientist made artificial silk
But it easily burst into flames
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CHEMISTRY AND NEW MATERIALS (PG. 388)
• Many materials used daily come from nature, but others were created by scientists.
• Scientists worked to create a synthetic replacement for silk and eventually invented polymers. Polymers are large molecules made of identical small units connected together.
• Some useful synthetic materials are plastic and cement.
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Where are places we use RUBBER in every day life?
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Tires and On the Soles of Shoes
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There is NATURAL rubber that comes from Plants!
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The PROBLEM with Natural Rubber:
• IT gets GOOEY and MELTY in hot weather!• IT gets BRITTLE and CRACKS in cold weather.
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In the 1800’s:
• Scientists experimented with natural rubber and added HEAT and SULFUR.
• This made it more durable!
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In the 1900’s
• Chemists developed artificial rubber.
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• WHO HAS EVER HEARD OF PETROLEUM?
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Petroleum is made up of:
• Gasoline,• Kerosene• Diesel oil• Lubricating oil
• Chemists found a way to separate gasoline molecules from the mixture petroleum!
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What does SYNTHETIC mean??
• Hint : – synthesize
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Natural Materials? Or synthetic? (What does synthetic mean?)
• Cotton• Wool• Plastic• Nylon• Concrete• Silk
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CHEMISTRY and TRANSPORTATION• Rubber for tires!• Petroleum for gasoline!• Mix of metal elements (combined in a factory
or plant) and plastic (made in a lab) for car
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Chemistry and New Materials
• Cotton in jeans – natural
• Wool in a sweater– natural
• Nylon in stockings – Made in a lab
• Plastic– Made in a lab
• Concrete– Made in a lab!
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Chemicals—Helpful vs Harmful• Chemicals are helpful when used properly!
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Chemicals for Cleaning
• Bleach
• Ammonia
• Oven Cleaner
Common chemical bleaches include household chlorine bleach, a solution of approximately 3–6% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), and oxygen bleach, which contains hydrogen peroxide or a peroxide-releasing compound such as sodium perborate
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Care with Chemicals!• READ THE DIRECTIONS!
• Gloves
• Goggles
• Open window• Do not mix without proper knowledge!
– Or else: chemical reactions, lung damage, fumes, burns, explosions, death!
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Chemical Warning Labels
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How Does temperature affect how long a reaction takes? – alka seltzer lab
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MODELS
• Model = – A useful way to understand a subject that you
maybe cannot see or explore in real life• (ex: using magnets to explain what happens in a
chemical reaction)• (ex: a globe to understand what the earth looks like)
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Types of Chemical reactions• 1. combination
– Elements or compounds come together to form new compounds
– A + B AB• 2. decomposition
– Compounds split apart to form smaller compounds or elements
– AB A + B• 3. replacement
– Compounds split apart and parts switch places– AB + CD AD + BC