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12.7 Dilemma 3: What Should President

Madison Do to Protect Sailors and Settlers?

What Happened at Sea?

• Madison strikes a deal with Napoleon: if France agreed tostop seizing U.S. ships, the U.S. would cut off all trade withG.B.

•Madison begins to think of going to war with G.B.

• Who would be opposed to war with G.B.?

• New Englanders and Federalists are strongly opposed towar with G.B. Didn’t want a blockade of their ports. 

MadisonNapoleon Bonaparte

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What Happened on the Frontier?

• Settlers in the S. and W. favored war with Britain. Theyaccused Britain of stirring up trouble with the Natives.

• Natives were found with English guns and Americanswere outraged.

• “War Hawks” such as Clay and Calhoun wanted to drivethe British out of Canada.

Tecumseh Henry Clay John C. CalhounWilliam Henry Harrison

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What’s Happening To Me? 

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12.8 What Happened? Madison

Launches the War of 1812What Were the Battles on Land and Sea?

• Army has 7,000 men and the Navy has 16 ships.

• Americans make progress into Canada but are thenpushed back across the border.

• 1814, British attack Washington and burn the Capitol andthe White House.

• British attack Baltimore (Ft. McHenry) and Francis Scott Keywrites a poem called “The Star Spangled Banner.” 

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The White House Burned

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What Was the Battle of New Orleans?

• Battle of New Orleans was the greatest U.S.

victory.

• 7,500 British troops attack New Orleans which

was defended by Andrew Jackson and 7,000

militia, pirates, Indians, and free blacks.

• 2,000 British casualties to only 20 American.

• The battle made a hero out of A. Jackson.

• Treaty was signed 2 weeks before the battle.

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Andrew Jackson Jean Lafitte

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What Were the Results of the War?•

3 important effects of the war:1. Indian resistance weakened in the Northwest.

2. U.S. national pride surged. The U.S. truly felt like an independentnation.

3. Federalist party weakens from opposition to the war, and never recovers.

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12.9 Dilemma 4: What Should President Monroe

Do to Support the New Latin American Nations?

What Were Latin America’s Revolutions 

• Mexican revolution was inspired by MiguelHidalgo in 1810. It won independence from

Spain in 1821.• The last Spanish troops had been driven out of 

South America by 1825.

Miguel Hidalgo

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James Monroe (the 5th president)

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Revolutionary Leaders

Simon Bolivar:

Venezuela

Jose De San Martin:

Argentina

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What Were The New Latin American Nations?

• Americans were excited by the revolutions, and the British alsosupported them.

• Foreign countries could now trade with the nations of LatinAmerica.

• Some Euro countries wanted to help Spain recover its lost colonies.

• President Monroe had to ask former presidents what to do.

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12.10 What Happened? The U.S. Issues

the Monroe Doctrine• 1823 Monroe Doctrine: N. and S. America are not subject

to colonization by European countries. The U.S. wouldconsider this dangerous to our peace and safety.

• Europeans thought this was arrogant; Americans loved it.

•

It appeared to conflict with the U.S. policy of isolationism.

Europe: STAY OUT!

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The Monroe Doctrine

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Monroe Doctrine Cont.

• The Monroe Doctrine had 2 major implications:

1. U.S. would not tolerate European interferencein the Western Hemisphere.

2. It implied that the U.S. was a strong, confidentnation to be respected by the world.