Chapter 11 FINAL
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Transcript of Chapter 11 FINAL
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
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c. 1790 - 1820
THE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIOD
C H A P T E R E L E V E N
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Copyright © 2010Fairchild Publications, Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this presentation covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means–graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems–without written permission of the publisher.
ISBN: 978-1-56367-806-6GST R 133004424
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
One of the most significant events marking the turn from the 18th to the 19th Century was the French Revolution
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
• The Red Cap of Liberty• Trousers of the working man
replaced the knee breeches of the aristocratic old regime
• The Revolutionary Cockade
Supporters of the Revolution adopted elements of dress that symbolized their political views.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
By the end of the revolution and the installation of a government consisting of a Directory (Directoire) of three men, styles had altered.
c.1800c.1790 c.1790
c.1790
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Female fashion extremists were called Merveilleuses (The Marvelous Ones) and the men were called Incroyables (The Incredible Ones).
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Fashion echoed the excesses of the Revolution in styles such as the Haircut a la Victime, cut short like women going to the guillotine, or
red velvet ribbons worn around the neck.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Closest to the skin some women wore long drawers, called pantalettes, with lace, ruffles or pleats at the edges that showed at the hem of dresses.
This style did not persist throughout the period, except as a style for children.
As the rest of the Western world followed the new styles, women adopted several layers.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Over the pantalettes, the chemise, which had a low neck and narrowed silhouette.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
The corset, like the dresses, was straight in line.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
The next layer was a petticoat.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
The high waisted, relatively straight silhouette of c.1800 to 1820 came to be known as the Empire Line. It was named for the new French ruler,
the Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.
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CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
While the empire silhouette continued to dominate, a variety of sleeve and neckline styles could be seen.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Out of doors women wore these garments.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
A coat-like garment, the pelisse, with an Empire silhouette.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
A shawl, often with the typical Kashmir pattern.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
A Spencer, a short jacket cut to just below the bustline.
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CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Accessories of Note
Reticule Cockade Fan
Muff Shoes
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
When compared to the 18th Century, men’s dress of the Empire Period was subdued in color and lacked decoration.
Gradually trousers replaced knee breeches for day and evening. Exceptions were garments worn at the courts of France or England.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Underdrawers and undershirts did not change much.
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CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
The visible elements of men’s dress were his trousers, shirt , vest, and coat.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Trousers, called pantaloons when very tightly fitted, often had straps that fit under the instep to keep them from riding up.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Shirts were cut full and had high, standing collars around which were wrapped cravats or stocks.
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CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Over the shirt, a man wore a vest, also called a waistcoat.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Coat fronts generally ended at the waist. Some curved gradually back from the waist into two tails that ended slightly above the knee.
Others had a cut-in, a rounded or square space at the front, where no shirt was attached. The tails began where the cut-in ended.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
For outdoors men wore capes or overcoats.
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CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Dressing gowns, or banyans, continued to be worn at home
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Accessories of Note
Cravat worn with shirt and with ruffled front
shirt.Spats or Gaiters Boots
Hats
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Little girls dresses were very similar to those of adult women. Small boys wore skeleton suits. Both styles carried over from the end of the
1700s.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Empire period style lines are revived periodically.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
For Further Study
Illustrations Of Actual Costumes Or Illustrations From Contemporary Sourceshttp://locutus.ucr.edu/~cathy/rd/rd.htmlhttp://www.costumes.org/history/100pages/timelinepages/1800to1825a.htmhttp://dept.kent.edu/museum/costume/bonc/3timesearch/tsnineteenth/1800-829/1800-1829.htmlhttp://www.sensibility.com/vintageimages/1800s/http://www.costumegallery.com/
Dress For Special Occasionshttp://locutus.ucr.edu/~cathy/dress/mourn.html
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
For Further Study
Accessorieshttp://www.costumes.org/history/100pages/1800to1817costumesparisiens.htmhttp://www.austentation.com/Main%20Files/HTML/home.htmhttp://homepages.ihug.co.nz/~awoodley/regency/tie.html
Books With Drawings Showing Construction Of Historic ClothingArnold, J. 1977. Patterns of Fashion. Vol. 1: 1660-1860. Vol. 2: 1860-1940. New York: Drama
Book Specialists.Bradfield, N. 1997. Costume in Detail. New York: Costume and Fashion Press.Waugh, N. 1991. The Cut of Men's Clothes, 1600-1900. New York: Theater Arts Books.
CHAPTER ELEVENTHE DIRECTOIRE PERIODAND THE EMPIRE PERIODc. 1790 - 1820
© 2010 Fairchild Books,A Division of Condé Nast Publications
Image Credits
Various images used courtesy of New York Public Library Digital Images.
Photo of Spenser Jacket courtesy of www.trousseau.net
Image of Fur Muff, courtesy of www.fashionsinime.com
Images of Men’s Shirt, courtesy of www.vintageshirt.co.uk
Image of Hessian and Top Boots, courtesy of www.sarahjuniper.co.uk
Various images courtesy of Dover Publications.
Various images in this chapter are courtesy of Claire King; www.clipart.com; and Fairchild Publications, Inc.