Chapter 11 ffi
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Transcript of Chapter 11 ffi
![Page 1: Chapter 11 ffi](https://reader037.fdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102900/54b98c194a79593e2f8b457a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Essentials of Fire Fighting6th Edition
Firefighter I
Chapter 11 — Forcible Entry
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Explain the basic principles of forcible entry.
Learning Objective 1
11–2
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Forcible entry has two outcomes when performed properly.
11–3
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Forcible entry can be applied to other situations and always requires effective size-up and situational awareness.
11–4
Co
urte
sy of R
ich M
ah
an
ey
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The supervisor or IC must weigh several factors to determine entry point.
11–5
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Firefighters should never force entry without order to do so.
11–6
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is meant by “Try before you pry”?
11–7
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After trying normal entry, look for lock boxes near the main entrance.
11–8
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The general considerations for forcible entry include three areas.
11–9
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Security barriers require specialized training, tools, and knowledge to force.
11–10
Co
urte
sy of L
os A
ng
ele
s Fire
De
pa
rtme
nt - IS
TS
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are the basic principles of forcible entry?
11–11
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Describe the basic construction of locksets.
Learning Objective 2
11–12
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The term “lockset” describes all types of door latches, locks, and locking devices.
11–13
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Door locks and latches can be found on all exterior and many interior doors.
11–14
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Mortise locks are mounted into a cavity in the door’s edge and the door jamb.
11–15
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Cylindrical locks are the most common lockset and are installed by boring two holes at right angles to each other.
11–16
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Cylindrical locks are divided into two types.
11–17
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The easiest way to breach modern dead bolts in a wood residential door is to force the door itself.
11–18
Co
urte
sy of R
ich M
ah
an
ey
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Rim locks are mounted on the interior door surface and are used to supplement doors with or without locks.
11–19
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High-security locks come in a variety of forms and functions.
11–20
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Other locking devices may supplement a door lock or be used in place of a lock.
11–21
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Padlocks are portable or detachable locking devices and are divided into two types.
11–22
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Other locking devices firefighters may encounter include the following.
11–23
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REVIEW QUESTION
What types of locksets may firefighters encounter during forcible
entry operations?
11–24
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Describe considerations a firefighter must take when using forcible entry tools.
Learning Objective 3
11–25
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CAUTION!
Always wear appropriate PPE when using forcible entry tools.
11–26
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Follow these general considerations when using cutting tools.
11–27
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Axes are the most common type of cutting tool in firefighting and have a wide variety of uses.
11–28
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Metal cutting devices are used to cut through several types of obstacles in a variety of ways.
11–29
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Power saws can be powered in a number of ways and must always be used safely.
11–30
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CAUTION!
• Wear eye, hearing, and hand protection when operating any power saw.
• Never force a power saw beyond its design limits. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Do not use a power saw in a flammable atmosphere.
11–31
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Electrical or battery-powered circular saws are used in fire fighting, rescue and overhaul operations.
11–32
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Rotary saws have interchangeable blades that can produce sparks when used on certain surfaces.
11–33
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CAUTION!
Sparks from cutting operations can cause additional fires. Have a charged hoseline or portable fire extinguisher close at hand during cutting.
11–34
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WARNING!
Never use a rotary saw to cut the shell of any storage tank that might contain flammable vapors.
11–35
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CAUTION!
The blade guards on some rotary saws are not designed for use with carbide-tipped blades. Be sure that the saw is designed for the blades used.
11–36
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Reciprocating saws and chain saws both have advantages in specific circumstances.
11–37
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Prying tools help open doors, windows, locks, and move heavy objects by providing mechanical advantage.
11–38
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Manual prying tools are usually constructed from a single-piece of high-carbon steel 30-36 inches (762-900 mm).
11–39
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Hydraulic prying tools come in different forms; manual hydraulic tools have specific benefits and drawbacks.
11–40
Manually powered
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Rescue tools and hydraulic door openers can be used effectively for forcible entry.
11–41
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Pushing/pulling tools have limited uses for forcible entry, but can break glass and open walls or ceilings.
11–42
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Striking tools are basic hand tools with a weighted head attached to a handle.
11–43
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Forcible entry tools must be used in combination because no single tool can handle every situation.
11–44
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is the most important factor to consider before performing forcible entry?
1–45
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Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–46
(Cont.)
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Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–47
(Cont.)
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Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–48
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Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–49
(Cont.)
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Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–50
(Cont.)
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Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–51
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REVIEW QUESTION
What are some basic tool safety tips firefighters should follow during
forcible entry operations?
11–52
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Protect yourself and others when carrying tools, and get help transporting heavy tools.
11–53
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Indicate steps needed to care for and maintain forcible entry tools.
Learning Objective 4
11–54
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Forcible entry tools must be maintained properly so they function safely and effectively.
11–55
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Refer to manufacturer’s guidelines and department procedures to report damaged tools and remove them from service.
11–56
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REVIEW QUESTION
Who cares for and performs maintenance on forcible entry tools?
11–57
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Explain the ways to force entry through various types of doors.
Learning Objective 5
11–58
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Identify considerations that need to be taken when forcing entry through locks, padlocks, overhead doors, and fire doors.
Learning Objective 6
11–59
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Begin forced entry through a door only after size up and with minimum damage.
11–60
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Breaking door glass is often the best option when forcing entry.
11–61
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Look for the placement of the hinges when forcing swing doors.
11–62
Direction of Entry
Hinge on inside
Hinge on outside
Inward-swinging Outward-swinging
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Double-swinging doors and doors with drop bars present unique challenges during forcible entry.
11–63
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Forcing entry through a tempered plate glass door has many drawbacks, but may be used as a last resort.
11–64
Glass should be shielded when broken
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Determine the method for forcing sliding doors or security doors/gates by identifying the type.
11–65
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Through-the-lock entry requires good size-up of the door and lock, and can be accomplished with several tools.
11–66
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Forcing padlocks can be accomplished using several methods and tools.
11–67
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Use a rotary saw to force entry on an overhead door.
11–68
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WARNING!
All overhead doors should be blocked in the up or open position to prevent injury to firefighters if the built-in control device fails.
11–69
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Fire doors are usually found inside the structure and should be blocked open after forcible entry as a precaution.
11–70
Closed doors can
cut off hoselines
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
Where are fire doors generally encountered in a structure?
1–71
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REVIEW QUESTION
How do the considerations that must be taken when forcing entry through swinging and sliding doors compare?
11–72
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Describe forcible entry methods used for windows.
Learning Objective 7
11–73
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Explain considerations firefighters must take when forcing entry through miscellaneous types of windows and covers
Learning Objective 8
11–74
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Forcible entry through windows can be easy, but may create further hazards.
11–75
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Breaking window glass is a common entry method, but several factors must be considered.
11–76
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Forcing entry by breaking fixed windows should be done only as a last resort.
11–77
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Double-hung windows have two sashes and a locking mechanism on the inside.
11–78
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Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–79
(Cont.)
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REVIEW QUESTION
How does the process for forcing entry through fixed windows compare to forcing entry through awning windows?
11–80
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Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–81
(Cont.)
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Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–82
(Cont.)
Co
urte
sy of F
lorid
a S
tate
Fire
Co
lleg
e
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Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–83
(Cont.)
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Windows
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Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–84
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REVIEW QUESTION
What dangers may be present when forcing entry through miscellaneous types of windows and covers?
11–85
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Describe forcible entry methods for breaching walls.
Learning Objective 9
11–86
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Breaching walls requires meeting certain criteria before attempting.
11–87
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Breaching exterior walls poses hazards such as structural collapse and concealed utilities.
11–88
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
When should a concrete wall be breached?
1–89
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Interior walls also conceal utilities and can be either load-bearing or non-load-bearing.
11–90
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REVIEW QUESTION
How do forcible entry operations for exterior walls compare to those for interior walls?
11–91
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Explain forcible entry methods for breaching floors.
Learning Objective 10
11–92
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Breaching floors may be done for several reasons and methods vary by how a floor is constructed.
11–93
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A variety of cutting tools are used to breach wooden floors.
11–94
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Breaching concrete floors presents more difficulties and requires different cutting tools.
11–95
Using jackhammers or “stitch drilling” can open floors rapidly
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REVIEW QUESTION
What does the feasibility of opening a floor during a fire fighting
operation depend on?
11–96
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Indicate methods for forcing fences and gates.
Learning Objective 11
11–97
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A wide variety of fencing materials can pose a number of hazards when forcing.
11–98
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Wire and other types of fences can be forced with cutting tools.
11–99
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CAUTION
• Wire will recoil in the direction of the next post on the fence when it is cut.
• Cutting electrified fences before deenergizing the fence may result in electric shock.
11–100
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Going over some types of fences may be easier than going through them.
11–101
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Security gates may have lock boxes, electronic locks, padlocks, or they may be monitored by staff.
11–102
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REVIEW QUESTION
What techniques can be used to force entry through fences or
gates?
11–103
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• When normal means of entry is locked or blocked, forcible entry techniques are used to gain access into a structure or area.
• Forcible entry efforts can do minimal damage to a structure or structural components and provide quick access.
Summary
11–104
(Cont.)
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• Tools and techniques are used to breach walls and floors to advance hoselines, apply extinguishing agents, access trapped victims, or ventilate an area.
Summary
11–105
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Clean, inspect, and maintain hand tools and equipment.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-1.
Learning Objective 12
11–106
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Clean, inspect, and maintain power tools and equipment.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-2.
Learning Objective 13
11–107
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Force entry through an inward-swinging door – Two-firefighter method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-3.
Learning Objective 14
11–108
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Force entry through an inward-swinging door – Cutting the lock out of the door method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-4.
Learning Objective 15
11–109
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Force entry through an outward-swinging door – Removing hinge-pins method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-5.
Learning Objective 16
11–110
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Force entry though an outward-swinging door – Wedge-end method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-6.
Learning Objective 17
11–111
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Force entry using the through-the-lock method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-7.
Learning Objective 18
11–112
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Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the K-tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-8.
Learning Objective 19
11–113
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Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the A-tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-9.
Learning Objective 20
11–114
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Force entry through padlocks.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-10.
Learning Objective 21
11–115
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Use a bam-bam tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-11.
Learning Objective 22
11–116
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Cut a padlock with a rotary saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-12.
Learning Objective 23
11–117
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Force entry through a window (glass pane).
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-13.
Learning Objective 24
11–118
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Force entry through a double-hung window.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-14.
Learning Objective 25
11–119
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Force a Lexan® window using a rotary saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-15.
Learning Objective 26
11–120
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Force entry through a wood-framed wall (Type V construction) with hand tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-16.
Learning Objective 27
11–121
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Force entry through a wood wall (Type V construction) with a rotary saw or chain saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-17.
Learning Objective 28
11–122
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Breach a wall using a battering ram.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-18.
Learning Objective 29
11–123
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Force entry through a masonry wall with hand tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-19.
Learning Objective 30
11–124
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Force entry through a metal wall with power tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-20.
Learning Objective 31
11–125
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Breach a hardwood floor.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-21.
Learning Objective 32
11–126
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Bridge a fence with a ladder.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-22.
Learning Objective 33
11–127