CHAPTER 28 Steering Columns and Gears - Linn-Benton Community
Chapter 10 Gears
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Transcript of Chapter 10 Gears
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Chapter 10
Machines and Mechanisms: Applied Kinematic Analysis, 4/eDavid Myszka
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Machines and Mechanisms: Applied Kinematic Analysis, 4/eDavid Myszka
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10.1 INTRODUCTION
Function of gears:
(1)Transmit motion from one shaft to another.(2)Increase or reduce speed, or change the direction of motion from one shaft to another.
Usually, the output speed of mechanical power source is much greater than the application requires. For example, the fax machine requires that the rollers feed the document at a compatibly low speed that that produced by a electric motor. Therefore, the speed must be reduced from the motor to the roller.
Machines and Mechanisms: Applied Kinematic Analysis, 4/eDavid Myszka
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There are two standard methods to transmit the motion between shafts, gears and friction rollers/gears. To remedy the possibility of slipping, a gear is formed such that the smooth surfaces of the disks are replaced by teeth.
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10.2 TYPES OF GEARS
(Annular)
Provide gradual engagement and produce less impact and noise.
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10.2 TYPES OF GEARS
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10.3 SPUR GEAR TERMINOLOGY
circular pitch
where pd is defined as diametral pitch and m is metric modulus
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American standard
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Metric (SI) standard
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10.4 INVOLUTE TOOTH PROFILES
Basic requirement:A gear tooth must have a shape that keeps the driven gear rotating at a constant speed throughout the engagement and disengagement process.
2
3
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Several forms of tooth shape have been identified as adequate candidates. However, of the possible shapes, only involute gear has becomes standard for most gear applications because of its excellent features.
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10.5 STANDARD GEARS
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10.6 RELATIONSHIPS OF GEARS IN MESH
10.6.1 Center Distance
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10.6.2 Contact Ratio
Contact ratio is the average number of teeth that are in contact at any moment.
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10.6.3 InterferenceThe most serious
drawback with using involute gear is the possibility of interference.
Interference is induced as the designers attempt to make gear assembly compact by using too few teeth on the gear.
When interference occurs, the face of the big gear interfere with the flank of the pinion.
Interference occurs when
where N1 and N2 are the numbers of the pinion and the gear
When a pinion meshes with a rack
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For a given form of gear tooth, it is possible to determine the minimum number of teeth on a pinion that will mesh with a rack without requiring undercutting the pinion or removal of the addendum.
Therefore, However,
r
rKEsin
KEKE
/sin
r
Pk
r
a d
drP
k2sin
r
NPd 2
N
k2sin2
2sin
2kN
2sin
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10.6.4 Undercutting
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10.6.5 Backlash
Backlash is the amount that the width of the tooth space exceed the thickness of a gear tooth measured on the pitch circle.
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10.6.6 Operating Pressure Angle
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10.7 SPUR GEAR KINEMATICS
+ for internal gear- for external gears
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10.8 SPUR GEAR SELECTION
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10.8.3 Number of Teeth
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10.9 RACK AND PINION KINEMATICS
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10.10 HELICAL GEAR KINEMATICS (skiped to 10.13)
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10.11 BEVEL GEAR KINEMATICS
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10.12 WORM GEAR KINEMATICS
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10.13 GEAR TRAINS
Train Value: When multiple gear pairs are used in a series, the overall velocity ratio is termed a “train value”.
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10.14 IDLER GEARS
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Question: Since idler gear has nothing to do with the train value, why they are still used?
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10.15 PLANETARY GEAR TRAINS
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Method 1: Tabular method
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10.15.2 Planetary Gear Analysis by Equation
F: First gearL: Last gear
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Method 2: Equation method
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