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3.9 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJld; ngz;fspd;

njhopypd;ik tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; njhlh;ghd

fhyg;gFjpapd; 7.2 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;

Kjyiuapy; 8.9 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJ. 20-

29 Mz;Lfs; taJila ,isQh;fspilNaahd

njhopypd;ik tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; xj;j

fhyj;jpd; 14.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;

Kjyiuapy; 18.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F cah;tile;jJ.

NkYk; f.ngh.j cah;juk; my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l

fy;tpj; jifikAila ngz;fs; kj;jpapyhd

njhopypd;ik tPjkhdJ 2019,d; Kjyiuapd; 12.3

rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 Kjyiuapy; 14.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F

cah;tile;jJ. mNjNtisapy; njhopw;gilg;

gq;Nfw;G tPjkhdJ Kd;ida Mz;bd; njhlh;ghd

fhyg;gFjpapd; 52.6 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;

Kjyiuapy; 50.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.

Mz;fspd; njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjk; 2019

Kjyiuapd; 73.4 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d; xj;j

fhyg;gFjpapy; 72.1 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;j

mNjNtisapy; ngz;fspd; njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G

tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; xj;j fhyg;gFjpapy;

gjpTnra;ag;gl;l 34.7 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;

Kjyiuapy; 32.0 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.

2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; njhopYs;Nshh;

Fbj;njhifapy; Ntshz;ik> ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk;

gzpfs; Jiwfspy; njhopypy;tha;g;Gfs; KiwNa

26.8 rjtPjk;> 27.0 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 46.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F

tif$Wgitahff; fhzg;gl;ld. fhyhz;bd;

kjpg;gPLfisg; nghWj;jtiuapy; 2020,d;

tiuglk; 1.2

fhyhz;L cz;ik nkhj;j cs;ehl;L

cw;gj;jpapd; tsHr;rpapd; gq;fspg;G (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

Ntshz;ik

2017 - fh1

2017 - fh2

2017 - fh3

2017 - fh4

2018 - fh1

2018 - fh2

2018 - fh3

2018 - fh4

2019 - fh1

2019 - fh2

2019 - fh3

2019 - fh4

2020 - fh1

ifj;njhopy; gzpfs; nkhj;j

cs;ehl;L

cw;gj;jp

khdpaq;fs;

fopj;j tupfs;

rjtPjk;

%yk;: njhif kjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

11

5

nghJNehf;F

Kjw;fhyhz;by; 5.7 rjtPjkhff; kjpg;gplg;gl;l

njhopypd;ik tPjk; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by;

5.4 rjtPjkhff; Fiwtile;J nghUshjhu

eltbf;iffs; mjpfstpy; Nkhrkilahky;

,Ug;gij vLj;Jf;fhl;LfpwJ.

y czTg; gztPf;fj;jpy; mbf;fbahd mjpfhpg;G

,Ue;jNghjpYk;> 2020,d; ,Jtiuahd

fhyg;gFjpapy; gztPf;fj;ij 4-6 rjtPj

tPr;rpw;Fs; Ngzpaikf;F ke;jkhd Nfs;tp

epiyikfs; kw;Wk; ed;F cWjpepiyg;gLj;jg;gl;l

gztPf;f vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fSk; Mjutspj;jd.

czTg; gztPf;fj;jhy; ce;jg;gl;L 2019,d;

,Wjpapy; fhzg;gl;l 4.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020

ngg;GUthpapy; 6.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;j

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;zpid

(2013®100) mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Mz;Lf;fhz;L

Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fk;> czTg; gztPf;fj;jpd;

gbg;gbahd jsh;T kw;Wk; rhjfkhd mbg;gilj;

jhf;fk; vd;gtw;Wld; 2020 nrj;njk;gustpy; 4.0

rjtPjj;jpw;Fg; gbg;gbahf kpjkile;jJ. Njrpa

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpid (2013®100)

mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fKk;

xj;j Nghf;nfhd;wpid fhl;baNghjpYk; Njrpa

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;zpd; czT tiff;fhd

nghpa epiwNaw;wj;jpd; fhuzkhf xg;gPl;lstpy;

mjpfkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ. Mz;Lf;fhz;L

mbg;gilapy;> Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;

Rl;nlz;zpid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Kjd;ikg;

gztPf;fk; 2020 ngg;GUthpapy; 8.1 rjtPjkhf

cr;rkile;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy; 6.4 rjtPjj;jpw;F

kpjkile;jJ. mNjNeuk; gztPf;fj;jpd; mbg;gilg;

Nghf;ifg; gpujpgypf;Fk; ikag; gztPf;fk;

,t;thz;bd; ,Jtiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;

FiwthfNt fhzg;gl;L Fiwtile;j Nfs;tp

epiyikfisg; gpujpgypj;jJ. ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd;

kpjkhd kl;lk;> 2019 jpnrk;ghpy; njhiyj;njhlh;G

thpf;Fiwg;gpd; fhuzkhf njhiyj;njhlh;G kw;Wk;

juT gzpfspd; tpiyf;Fiwg;gpd; tpisit

gpujpgypj;j mNjNtisapy; 2019 jpnrk;ghpy;

ngWkjpNrh; thpapd; Fiwg;Gk; ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd;

tPo;r;rpf;F Mjutspj;jJ. mjw;fpzq;f>

Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy;> nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh;

tpiyr;Rl;nlz;iz mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l

ikag;gztPf;fk; 2019 ,Wjpapy; fhzg;gl;l

4.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy; 2.9

rjtPjj;jpw;F nkJtile;j mNjNtisapy; Njrpa

Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;iz mbg;gilahff;

nfhz;l ikag; gztPf;fk; 2019 ,Wjpapy;

fhzg;gl;l 5.2 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy;

4.8 rjtPjj;jpw;F jsh;tile;jJ.

ntspehl;Lj; Jiw

y nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; jhf;fj;jpdhy;

cah;tile;j ghjpg;gilaf;$ba jd;ikfis

mDgtpj;j ,yq;ifapd; ntspehl;Lj; Jiw kj;jpa

tq;fpapdJk; murhq;fj;jpdJk; Neufhyj;Jldhd

nfhs;if topKiwfspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L

mjd;gpd;dh; mjpfstpy; kPl;rpaile;jJ. 2019,d;

mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; rdthp

njhlf;fk; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;

tzpfg; nghUl;fspd; Vw;Wkjpfspyhd Fiwtpid

tpQ;rpa ,wf;Fkjpfspyhd ghhpa Fiwtpidg;

gpujpgypj;J th;j;jff; fzf;fpd; gw;whf;Fiw

RUf;fkile;jJ. 2020,d; njhlf;fj;jpy;

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l khjhe;j Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspd;

FiwT Nk khjj;jpypUe;J kWjiyahfp Mz;bd;

%d;whk; fhyhz;by; ruhrhpahf I.m.nlhyh; 1

gpy;ypad; nfhz;l khjhe;j Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fis

miltjid ,ayr; nra;jJ. Rw;WyhtpypUe;j

jho;e;j tUtha;fis gpujhdkhfg; gpujpgypj;J

2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d;

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; Kjd;ik (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

fy;tp> Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; tPl;L

thlifczTg;

gztPf;fk;

Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; Kjd;ik (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; ika (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; ika (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

rd-18

rd-19

rd-20

a+iy-18

a+iy-19

a+iy-20

khr;-18

khr;-19

khr;-20

nrg;-18

nrg;-19

nrg;-20

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czTg; gzr;RUf;fk;>

vupnghUs; tpiyfs; kw;Wk; tupfspy;

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Fiwtile;j czTg; gztPf;fk;

0

2

4

6

8

10

Education,Health &

House RentFood

InflationEasing of Food Inflation

Food Deflation

tiuglk; 1.3

Kjd;ik kw;Wk; ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd; mirTfs;

(Mz;Lf;fhz;L)

%yk;: njhif kjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;

rjtPjk;

1

6


Kjyiug;gFjpapy; gzpfs; fzf;fpyhd kpif

fzprkhdsT Fiwtile;jJ. vdpDk;> Klf;Fjy;

fhyg;gFjpapy; jfty;njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; tpahghur;

nrad;Kiwg;gLj;jy; gzpfis ntspapypUe;J

ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; fk;gdpfs; ,ilA+wpypy;yhky;

njhopw;gl;lJld; fzdpg;gzpfs; Jiw njhlh;e;Jk;

MNuhf;fpakhdnjhU tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jJ.

,jd;gb> gzpfs; fzf;fpd; kpifahdJ 2019,d;

Kjyiuapd; I.m.nlhyh; 1>545 kpy;ypaDld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; Kjyiuapd; I.m.nlhyh; 901

kpy;ypaDf;F Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ. Kjyhe;juf; fzf;fpd;

gw;whf;Fiw 2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l fhyg;gFjpapd;

I.m.nlhyh; 1>119 kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLkplj;J

2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 1>041

kpy;;ypaDf;F tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. ,J ntspehl;L

Neub KjyPl;bd; kPjhd kPs;KjyPl;L tUtha;fspd;

Fiwg;G> Neub KjyPl;L njhopy;Kaw;rpfspd;

kPsj;jpUg;gpaDg;gg;gl;l gq;fpyhgq;fspd; kpjkhd

Fiwg;G kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lf; fld;fs; kPjhd

tl;br;nrytpdj;jpd; FiwT Nghd;wtw;wpd;

gpujhd fhuzj;jpdhyhjhFk;. ,uz;lhe;ju

tUkhdf; fzf;fpy; njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fs;

2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 3>270

kpy;ypadpypUe;J 2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;

I.m.nlhyh; 2>980 kpy;ypadpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.

vdpDk;> njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fs; 2020

A+dpypUe;J tpiuthd Ntfj;jpy; kPl;rpaile;J

2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpapy; KbtilAk;

xd;gJ khjq;fspy; 2.4 rjtPj Mz;bw;fhz;L

tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jd. nfhtpl;-19 gutypw;F

kj;jpapy; Rw;WyhtpypUe;jhd tUtha;fspd;

fzprkhd Fiwg;G> njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fspd;

kpjkiljYld; ,ize;J ntspehl;L eilKiwf;

fzf;Fg; gw;whf;Fiwapid 2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l

fhyg;gFjpapd; I.m.nlhyh; 351 kpy;ypad;

gw;whf;FiwAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d;

Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 792 kpy;ypaDf;F

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fstpy; tphptilar; nra;jJ.

y ,wf;Fkjpfs; kPjhd nrytpdk; Vw;Wkjpfspyhd

Fiwtpid tpl mjpfkhfr; RUf;fkile;jpUe;jjhy;

2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J

2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L khjq;fspy;

th;j;jff; fzf;fpd; gw;whf;Fiw RUf;fkile;jJ.

,wf;Fkjpr; nrytpdk; kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspd;

midj;J Kf;fpa JiwfSk; fle;j Mz;Lld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthpapypUe;J Xfj;J

tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; xU tPo;r;rpapidg;

gjpTnra;jd. ,jd;gb> ,wf;Fkjpr; nrytpdk;

I.m.nlhyh; 2>628 kpy;ypadhy; (20.4 rjtPjk;)

I.m.nlhyh; 10>257 kpy;ypaDf;F Fiwtile;j

mNjNtisapy; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fs; I.m.nlhyh;

1>585 kpy;ypadhy; (19.7 rjtPjk;) I.m.nlhyh;

6>445 kpy;ypaDf;F 2019,d; xj;j fhyg;gFjpapy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jd. ,jndhU tpisthf> tu;j;jfg;

gw;whf;Fiw 2019,d; xj;j fhyg;gFjpf;F Nkyhf

2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L khjq;fspy;

I.m.nlhyh; 1>043 kpy;ypadhy; I.m.nlhyh;

3>812 kpy;ypaDf;F Nkk;gl;lJ. ,wf;Fkjpr;

nrytpdj;jpd; Fiwg;G ngw;Nwhypak; kw;Wk;

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jho;e;j nrytpdj;Jld; 2020 khr;rpypUe;J

mj;jpahtrpakw;w ,wf;Fkjpfspd; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l

fl;Lg;ghLfspd; jhf;fj;jpdhy; ce;jg;gl;ljhFk;.

vdpDk;> czT kw;Wk; Fbghdq;fs; kw;Wk; kUe;Jg;

nghUl;fspd; ,wf;Fkjpfs; kPjhd nrytpdk;

xU tUlj;jpw;F Ke;jpa fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J

fUj;jpw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w fhyg;gFjpapy;

mjpfhpj;jJ. kpjkile;j cyfshtpa Nfs;tp

kw;Wk; epuk;gy; rq;fpypfSf;fhd ,ilA+Wfs;

Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;L Milfs;

(I.m.nlhyh; 950 kpy;ypadhy;)> Njapiy (I.m.nlhyh;

109 kpy;ypadhy;)> kw;Wk; ,wg;gh; cw;gj;jpfs;

(I.m.nlhyh; 102 kpy;ypadhy;) cl;gl Kf;fpa

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fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp Kjy;

tiuglk; 1.4

tHj;jf epYit kw;Wk; eilKiwf;fzf;F epYit

I.m.nlh. gpy;ypad;

%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

Vw;Wkjpfs;

2016 2017 2018 2019 2019

rd-A+d;

2020

rd-A+d;

,wf;Fkjpfs; th;j;jf epYit eilKiwf; fzf;F epYit

11

7

nghJNehf;F

Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidg;

gjpTnra;jd. vdpDk;> Milfs; kw;Wk; ,wg;gh;

cw;gj;jpfspd; tUtha;fspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L

2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J khjhe;j Vw;Wkjpfspy; xU

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT kPl;rpnahd;W mtjhdpf;fg;gl;;lJ.

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tpiyfspyhd rpy Kd;Ndw;wq;fSlDk; ,ize;J

Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspyhd kPnsOr;rpf;Fg;

gq;fspg;Gr; nra;jJ. jw;fhypf juTfs; 2020

nrj;njk;ghpYk; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspyhdnjhU

kPl;rp njhlh;tjidf; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;wd.

y cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F kj;jpapy;

cyfshtpa epjpapay; re;ijfspy; jsh;tile;j

kdg;ghq;Ffs; kw;Wk; nkJtile;j cyfshtpa

nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;bidg; gpujpgypj;J 2020

Kjyiug;gFjpapy; epjpapapy; fzf;fpw;fhd

cl;gha;r;ry;fs; kpjkhdjhff; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jd.

2020 Kjyiug;gFjpapy; epjpapay; fzf;fpy;

gjpTnra;ag;gl;l Kf;fpakhdnjhU cl;gha;r;ryhf

2020 khr;rpy; rPdh mgptpUj;jp tq;fpaplkpUe;jhd

I.m.nlhyh; 500 kpy;ypad; ntspehl;L ehza

jtiz epjpaply; trjpahFk;. 2020 rdthp Kjy;

A+d; tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; mur gpizaq;fs;

re;ij kw;Wk; nfhOk;G gq;Fg;ghpth;j;jidapy;

ntspehl;L KjyPL KiwNa I.m.nlhyh; 492

kpy;ypad; kw;Wk; I.m.nlhyh; 108 kpy;ypad; Njwpa

ntspg;gha;r;ry;fis gjpTnra;jJ. ntspehl;Lf;

fld;fs; cs;slq;fyhf ntspehl;L Neub KjyPL

2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; I.m.nlhyh; 535

kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Kjyiug;gFjpapy;

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njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. epjpapay; fzf;fpw;fhd Njwpa

ntspehl;Lf; fld; cl;gha;;r;ry;fs; murhq;fk; kw;Wk;

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mjpfhpj;jd.

y nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffs; 2020 nrj;njk;gh;

tiuahd fhyg;gFjapy; tPo;r;rpaile;jhYk;

NghJkhd kl;lq;fspy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jd.

nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffs; 2019 ,Wjpapy;

gjpTnra;ag;gl;l I.m.nlhyh; 7.6 gpy;ypaDld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpapy;

I.m.nlhyh; 6.7 gpy;ypadhftpUe;jd. 2020 rdthp

njhlf;fk; nrj;njk;gh; tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;

nkhj;j mYty;;rhh; xJf;FfSf;fhd Kf;fpa

cl;gha;r;ry;fs; rPdh mgptpUj;jp tq;fpfspypUe;jhd

I.m.nlhyh; 500 kpy;ypad; nfhz;l ntspehl;L

ehza jtiz epjpaply; trjp> ntspehl;L ehza

tq;fpj;njhopy; gphptplkpUe;jhd I.m.nlhyh; 670

gpy;ypad; fld;fs;> ,e;jpa hpNrh;t; tq;fpaplkpUe;jhd

rhh;f; epjpaj;jpd; gu];gu ghpkhw;wy; xg;ge;j

xOq;Ffspd; I.m.nlhyh; 400 kpy;ypad;

fpilg;gdT Nghd;wtw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wd.

,NjNtis kj;jpa tq;fpapdhy; cs;ehl;L>

ntspehl;L re;ijapypUe;J Njwpa mbg;gilapyhd

ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpf; nfhs;tdTfSk;

mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffspd; kl;lj;jpw;F fhg;gPL

toq;fpd. 2020 xj;Njhgh; ,Wjpapy; mYty;rhh;

xJf;Ffs; 4.7 khjq;fSf;fhd ,wf;Fkjp

cs;slf;fj;ij toq;fpd. 2020 xj;Njhghpy; kj;jpa

tq;fpahdJ nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffspidg;

gad;gLj;jp I.m.nlhyh; 1 gpy;ypad; nfhz;l

ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwpapd; kPs;nfhLg;gdtpw;F

trjpaspj;jJ. nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;FfisAk;

chpkk;ngw;w tq;fpfspd; ntspehl;Lr;

nrhj;Jf;fisAk; cs;slf;fpa nkhj;j gd;dhl;L

xJf;Ffs; 2019,d; ,Wjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 10.4

gpy;ypadpypUe;J 2020 Xfj;J ,Wjpapy; I.m.nlhyh;

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gpy;ypaDf;F ,l;Lr;nrd;wpUe;jJ. kj;jpa

murhq;fj;jpd; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L

gLfld; msthdJ 2020 A+iy ,Wjpapy; KiwNa

&.7>708.0 gpy;ypad; kw;Wk; &.6>553.1 gpy;ypadhf

fhzg;gl;lJ. ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwpf;fhd

kPs;nfhLg;gdTfis cs;slf;fpa gLfld;

jPHg;gdTf; nfhLg;gdTfs; 2019,d; njhlHghd

fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 2020 A+iyAld;

Kbtile;j VO khj fhyg;gFjpapy; &.1>190.9

gpy;ypaDf;F 17.0 rjtPjj;jpdhy; tPo;r;rpaile;jd.

2020,y; ,yq;ifapd; ehl;bw;fhd jukpliy fPo;

Nehf;fp jukpwf;fpaikapdhy; rh;tNjr jug;gLj;jy;

Kfth;fspd; ghjfkhd Cfj;jpw;Fk; kj;jpapy;

murhq;fk; 2020 xj;Njhghpy; Kjph;tile;j

ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwp cs;slq;fshf

midj;J Kjph;Tf; flg;ghLfisAk; cldbahf

nrYj;Jk; tifapy; topKiwfis vLj;jpUe;jJ.

ehzaj; Jiw

y nfhtpl;-19 ,d; guty; kw;Wk; mjd; tpisthd

fl;Lg;gLj;jy; topKiwfspd; nghUshjhuj;

jhf;fj;jpidf; Fiwf;fpd;w Nehf;fpy;

nkJtile;j gztPf;f mOj;jq;;fs; kw;Wk;

ed;F cWjpepiyg;gLj;jg;gl;l gztPf;f

vjph;ghh;g;Ggf;fspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L kj;jpa

tq;fpahdJ ehza epiyikfis fzprkhdsT

,yFgLj;jpaJld; jsh;j;jg;gl;l ehzaf;

nfhs;if epiyg;ghl;bidj; njhlh;e;jJ. gztPf;fk;

kpjkhd kl;lj;jpypUe;jikapdhy; kpjkile;j

nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;bid kPnsOr;rpailar;

nra;Ak; Nehf;fpy; 2019,y; jsh;j;jg;gl;lnjhU

ehzaf; nfhs;if epiyg;ghl;bid kj;jpa

tq;fp njhlq;fpaJ. nfhtpl;-19,d; guty;

nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; xU Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT

gpd;diltpw;F topnra;J cyfshtpa

Neha;g;gutypdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l tpahghuq;fSf;Fk;

tPl;Llikahsh;fSf;Fk; Mjutspg;gjw;Fk;

tpiuthd kPl;rpapid cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;

fzprkhd nfhs;ifj; jsh;j;Jjiyj;

Njitg;gLj;jpaJ. ,jd;gb> kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ

Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy;

fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjnkdg;gLfpd;w nfhs;if

tl;b tPjq;fs; xt;nthd;iwAk; 2020 rdthpapy; 50

mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; Fiwj;;jJ. Klf;Fjy;

topKiwfSf;F kj;jpapy; nghUshjhuj;jpd;

kPjhd mtw;wpd; jhf;fj;jpidf; fUj;jpw;nfhz;L

kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ 2020 khr;R> Vg;gpwy; kw;Wk;

Nk khjq;fspy; %d;W gbKiwfspy; nfhs;if

tl;b tPjq;fis 100 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;

NkYk; Fiwj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. thpirahd ehzaf;

nfhs;if jsh;j;jy; topKiwfspw;fhd gjpypWg;ghf

re;ij itg;G tPjq;fs; Jhpjkhf tPo;r;rpaile;j

mNjNtisapy; re;ij fld;toq;fy; tPjq;fs;

njhlh;e;Jk; fPo;Nehf;fpa nefpo;tw;wjd;ikiaf;

nfhz;bUe;jd. MfNt> kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ 2020

A+iy njhlf;fj;jpy; nfhs;if tl;btPjq;fis

NkYk; Fiwj;J Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk;

Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; tPjj;jpid KiwNa 4.50

rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 5.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F tuyhw;wpNyNa

jho;e;j kl;lj;jpw;F nfhz;L te;Js;sJ. NkYk;>

ehzaf; nfhs;if CLflj;jy; nrad;Kiwia

tpiuTgLj;Jtjw;Fk; rpwpastpyhd fld;ngWeUf;F

JizGhptjw;fhfTk; nfhLfldl;ilfs;>

mlFgpbj;jy;> Kd;dNu xOq;Fnra;ag;gl;l

jw;fhypf Nkyjpfg; gw;Wf;fs; kw;Wk; jz;l tl;b

tPjq;fs; Nghd;w Fwpg;gpl;l nfhLfld; fUtpfs;

kPJ mjpAr;r tl;b tPjq;fis kj;jpa tq;fp

tpjpj;jJ. nfhs;if tl;btPj Fiwg;GfSf;F

Nkyjpfkhf th;j;jf tq;fpfspd; &gh itg;Gg;

nghWg;Gf;fspd; kPJ gpuNahfpf;fj;jf;f epajp xJf;F

tpfpjj;jpidAk; kj;jpa tq;fp 2020 khr;R kw;Wk;

A+dpy; ,U gbKiwfspy; 3.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spfshy;

2.00 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwj;J cs;ehl;Lg; gzr;

re;ijf;F ghhpa njhif nfhz;l jputj;jd;ikia

cl;GFj;jpaJ. ,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf epahakhd

tl;btPjj;jpy; tq;fpj;njhopy; epWtdq;fSf;fhd

mtru epjpaplypd; fpilg;gdit vLj;Jf;fhl;b

2020 Vg;gpwypy; tq;fp tPjj;jpid 500 mbg;gilg;

Gs;spfspdhy; kj;jpa tq;fp Fiwj;j mNjNtisapy;

Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjj;jpw;F Nkyhf

300 mbg;gilg;Gs;spfSldhd vy;iyAld;

mJ jd;dpr;irahfj; jPh;khdpf;fg;gLtjw;Fk;

1

12


mDkjpaspj;jJ. ,jd;gb> 2020 nrj;njk;gh;

,Wjpapy; tq;fp tPjk; nkhj;jkhf 650 mbg;gilg;

Gs;spfspdhy; 8.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.

,NjNtis murhq;fj;jpd; Ntz;LNfhSf;fika

2020,d; ,Jtiuapy; Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapypUe;J

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fisf; nfhs;tdT

nra;tjD}lhf epjpapid toq;fp cyfshtpa

Neha;g;gutypdhy; cUthfpa mrhjhuz

#o;epiyfspypUe;J voe;j murhq;fj;jpd;

epjpapay; Rikapidf; Fiwg;gjw;fhd

gbKiwfis Nkw;nfhz;lJ. NkYk; ehza tpjpr;

rl;lj;jpd; Vw;ghLfSf;fikthf Njitg;gLfpd;w

JiwfSf;F Fwpg;ghf> rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju

njhopy;Kaw;rpfSf;F> Mz;nlhd;Wf;F 4.00

rjtPj rYif tl;b tPjj;jpy; epjp toq;Ftjw;fhf

tpNrl nfhLfld; jpl;lq;fSf;F trjpaspj;jJ.

nefpo;r;rpj;jd;ik tha;e;j gztPf;f ,yf;fply;

fl;likg;gpd; fPo; gztPf;fj;jpidAk; gztPf;f

vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fisAk; 4-6 rjtPj tPr;rpw;Fs; NgZfpd;w

Ntisapy; ,j;jifa ehza topKiwfs; kj;jpa

tq;fpapdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

y nfhs;if tl;btPjq;fspd; Fiwg;G kw;Wk;

cs;ehl;L gzr;re;ijapy; Ngzg;gl;LtUk;

Nkyjpfj; jputj;jd;ik Nghd;wtw;Wf;Fg;

gjpypWj;jp 2020,d; ,Jtiu fhyg;gFjpapy;

re;ij tl;b tPjq;fs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT

Fiwtile;jd. ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l

miog;G gztPjk; fPo; Nehf;fp jpUj;jkile;J

2020 A+d; eLg;gFjpastpy; nfhs;if tl;btPj

,ilntspapd; fPo; vy;iyapy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ.

murhq;fj;jpd; mjpfhpj;j fld;ngWif kw;Wk;;

ghjfkhd re;ij Cfq;fspd; fhuzkhf

2020 Xfj;jpYk; nrj;njk;ghpYk; ,lk;ngw;w

Vyq;fspy; tpisTfs; kPjhd rpy Nky;Nehf;fpa

mOj;jq;fs; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;ljw;Fg; Gwk;ghf

2020,d; ,JtiuapYk; Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapd;

mur gpizaq;fspd; tpisTfSk; fzprkhdsT

tPo;r;rpaile;jd. Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapy

midj;J Kjph;TfspilapYkhd tpisTfspd;

tPo;r;rpapidg; gpujpgypj;J ,uz;lhe;jur;

re;ijapd; tpisT tisap 2019 ,WjpAld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpastpy;

Jhpjkhff; fPo;Nehf;fpj; jpUj;jkile;jJ.

fzprkhd ehzaj; jsh;j;Jjy; topKiwfisg;

gpujpgypj;J 2020 xj;Njhghpy; KbtilAk; xd;gJ

khj fhyg;gFjpapy; itg;Gr; rhjdq;fs; kPjhd

tl;b tPjq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;lsT tPo;r;rpaile;J rpy

itg;Gr; rhjdq;fSf;F vjph;fzpa cz;ik

tpisTfSf;F toptFj;jd. ,NjNtis> 2020

rdthp njhlf;fk; nrj;njk;gh; tiuapy; re;ij

fld;toq;fy; tPjq;fspyhd Fiwg;G gbg;gbahf

Ntfkilaj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,jd;gb thuhe;j

ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l Kjd;ikf; fld;toq;fy;

tPjk; mjd; tuyhw;wpNyNa mjp jho;e;j

jpfjp topKiwfs;

2020-rd-30 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy; fld;

toq;fy; trjp tPjkhdJ 50 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfshy;

KiwNa 6.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;

Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.

2020-khH-17 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy;

trjp tPjKk; 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa 6.25

rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.25 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.

2020-khH-17 2020 khr;R 16Mk; ehspypUe;J Muk;gpf;Fk; xJf;Ff;

fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy;

epajp xJf;F tpfpjk; 1.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spapdhy; 4.00

rjtPjj;jpw;Ff; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.

2020-khH-27 nfhtpl;-19 ,dhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l th;j;jfKaw;rpfSf;F

Mjutspf;Fk; tifapy; &. 50 gpy;ypad; nfhz;l

nrsghf;fpah nfhtpl;-19 Gj;Japuspj;jy; trjp (ghfk; I - kPs;epjpaply; jpl;lk;) vd;gJ 4.00 rjtPj tl;bAld; Xh;

rYifahd fld; nraw;wpl;lk; mwpKfQ;nra;ag;gl;lJ.

2020-Vg;-3 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy; fld;

toq;fy; trjp tPjkhdJ 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfshy;

KiwNa 6.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;

Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.

2020-Vg;-16 tq;fp tPjkhdJ 500 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;

10.00 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwf;fg;gl;L 300 mbg;gil

Gs;spfs; vy;iyAld; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp

tPjj;Jld; ,ire;J nry;Yk; tpjj;jpy; jd;dpaf;fkhf

rhpnra;Jnfhs;s mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ.

2020-Nk-06 2020 Nk 06Mk; ehspd; tpahghu KbtpypUe;J

eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy; Jizepy; itg;G trjp

tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjKk; 25

mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa 6.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;

7.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.

2020-A+d;-16 2020 A+d; 16Mk; ehspypUe;J Muk;gpf;Fk; xJf;Ff;

fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy;

epajp xJf;F tpfpjk; 2.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spapdhy; 2.00

rjtPjj;jpw;Ff; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.

khh;r;R 27 md;W nfhtpl;-19 vd;gjdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l

th;j;jfKaw;rpfSf;F Mjutspf;Fk; tifapy;

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l rYifahd fld; (nrsghf;fpah

nfhtpl;-19 Gj;Japuspj;jy; trjp - ghfk; II)

2020-A+iy-09 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy;

trjp tPjKk; 100 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa

4.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 5.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.

tq;fp tPjk; jd;dpaf;fkhf 8.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwe;jJ.

Fwpg;G: kj;jpa tq;fp cupkk;ngw;w tq;fpfspd; mlFgpbj;jy; Kw;gzq;fs;

kPJ tl;btPj cr;rtuk;ig 2020 Vg;gpuy; 27 ,y; tpjpj;jJld;

njupe;njLf;fg;gl;l fld;toq;fy; rhjdq;fspd; kPjhd tl;btPj

cr;rtuk;ig 2020 Xfj;J 24 md;W ,Wf;fkhf;fpaJ.

(m) 2020 Xj;Njhgu; 23 Mk; ehs; tiu


ml;ltiz 1.1

ehzaf; nfhs;if topKiwfs; 2020 (m)

11

13

nghJNehf;F

kl;lq;fspw;F tPo;r;rpaile;j Ntisapy; 2019

,WjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J Gjpa fld; toq;fy;

tPjq;fspYk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fstpyhdnjhU tPo;r;rp

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ.

y gbg;gbahf cah;tile;J 2020 Vg;gpwypy;

cr;rkile;j xJf;Fg;gzk; 2020 A+dpy; epajp

xJf;Fj; tpfpjj;jpd; Fiwg;gpndhU tpisthf

mjd;gpd;dh; fzprkhdsT tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

gz;biff;fhyk; mz;kpj;jijaLj;J

2020 njhlf;fj;jpy; gbg;gbahf mjpfhpj;j

xJf;Fg;gzk; 2020 khr;rpy; epajp xJf;F tpfpjk;

Fiwf;fg;gl;lJld; rpwpjsT Fiwtile;jJ.

vdpDk; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; cs;ehl;L guty;

#o;epiyapd; epr;rakw;wjd;ikf;F kj;jpapy;

Kd;ndr;rhpf;ifAld; $ba ehzaj;jpw;fhd

Nfs;tp mjpfhpj;jikapdhy; 2020 Vg;gpwy;

eLg;gFjpapid Nehf;fp xJf;Fg;gzk; Jhpjkhf

cah;tile;jJ. cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F

kj;jpapy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;ljid tpl nkJthd

tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikf;fhd ehzaj; jpUk;gy;>;

jho;e;j tl;btPjq;fspd; fhuzkhf ehzaj;ij

itj;jpUg;gjw;fhd Fiwe;j mikar; nryTld;

Nrh;e;J 2020 eLg;gFjpastpy; xJf;Fg;gzk;

njhlh;e;Jk; cah;thfNtapUe;jJ. vdpDk;> epajp

xJf;F tpfpjj;jpd; Fiwg;Gld; mjd;gpd;dh;

xJf;Fg;gzk; fzprkhdsT tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

,jd;gb> 2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L

khjfhyg;gFjpapy; xJf;Fg;gzk; &.52.8 gpy;ypadhy;

Fiwtile;J Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy; 3.7

rjtPjkhd RUf;fnkhd;wpidg; gjpTnra;jJ.

nrhj;Jg;gf;fj;jpypUe;J Nehf;Fk;NghJ ,f;fhyg;

gFjpapy; xJf;Fg;gzj;jpd; RUf;fk; KOikahf

&.20.8 gpy;ypadhy; tphptile;j kj;jpa tq;fpapd;

Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspd; mjpfhpg;gpid

tpQ;rpa 2019 ,WjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020

rdthp Kjy; Xfj;J tiu &.73.6 gpy;ypadhy;

Fiwtile;j Njwpa ntspehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspd;

tPo;r;rpapdhyhdjhftpUe;jJ. ntspehl;L

ehzag; nghWg;Gf;fs; tphptile;jikapdhy;

kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Njwpa ntspehl;Lr; nrhj;J

Fiwtile;jJld; kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Njwpa

cs;ehl;L nrhj;J ngUkstpy; murpw;fhd

Njwpa nfhLfld; mjpfhpg;gpdhy; ngUkstpy;

ce;jg;gl;lJld; cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F

kj;jpapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l nrsghf;ah

nfhtpl;-19 kWkyh;r;rp fld; trjpapD}lhf

gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l rYiff; nfhLflDld; th;j;jf

tq;fpfsplkpUe;jhd Nfhuy;fSk; mjpfhpj;jd.

y tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd; (M2b) ,d; tsh;r;rp

gpujhdkhf mur Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpd;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tphpthf;fj;jpdhy; tq;fpj;njhopy;

Kiwikapd; Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspyhd

tsh;r;rpapdhy; ce;jg;gl;L 2020 Xfj;jpy;

KbtilAk; vl;L khj fhyg;gFjpapy; njhlh;e;Jk;

cah;tile;jJ. ,jd;gb tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd;

(M2b) Mz;Lf;fhz;L tsh;r;rp 2019 ,Wjpapd; 7.0

rjtPj tsh;r;rpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Xfj;J

,Wjpastpy; 17.5 rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfupj;jJ.

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

tiuglk; 1.8

njhpe;njLf;fg;gl;l tl;b tPjq;fspd; mirTfs;

nrg;-20

Jizepy; fld; toq;fy; trjptPjk;

Ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l itg;GtPjk;

Ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l epiyahd itg;GtPjk;

jpiwNrhp cz;bay; tpisT (364-ehs;) (khj ,Wjpapy;)

ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l fld; toq;fy; tPjk;

Jizepy; itg;G trjptPjk;

khjhe;j ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l Kjd;iktPjk;

nrg;-16

Nk-18

rd-17

nrg;-18

Nk-17

rd-19

rd-20

rd-16

nrg;-17

Nk-19

Nk-20

Nk-16

rd-18

nrg;-19


rjtPjk

ent-16

jpnr-18

Vg;-17

Nk-19

nrj;-17

xj;-19

rd-16

ngg;-18

khr;-20

a+d;-16

a+iy-18

Xfj;-20

tiuglk; 1.9

jdpahu; Jiwf;F tu;j;jf tq;fpfshy; toq;fg;gl;l nfhLfld;

rjtPjk;

&. gpy;ypad;

nfhLfldpy; Vw;gl;l khjhe;j

khw;wk; (ngausT epajpfspy;)

nfhLfld; tsh;r;rp

Mz;Lf;fhz;L (tyJ mr;R)


-20-15-10-505101520253035

-80-60-40-20

020406080

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14


tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikapd; Njwpa ntspehl;Lr;

nrhj;Jf;fs; &.96.6 gpy;ypadhy; RUf;fkile;j

Ntisapy;; &.1>164.5 gpy;ypadhy; mjpfhpj;j

Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 2020 rdthp

Kjy; Xfj;J 2020 tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;

xl;Lnkhj;j ehza tpupthf;fj;jpw;Fg; gq;fspg;Gr;

nra;jd. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; Njwpa cs;ehl;L

nrhj;jpyhd fzprkhd tphpthf;fk; tq;fpj;njhopy;

Kiwikapdhy; murpw;fhd Njwpa nfhLfldpd;

mjpfhpg;Gld; murpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj;

njhopy;Kaw;rpfSf;fhd nfhLfldpdhy;

ce;jg;gl;lJ. tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikapyhd

murpw;fhd Njwpa nfhLfld; fle;j Mz;bd; xj;j

fhyg;gFjpapy; &.235.3 gpy;ypad; mjpfhpg;Gld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp Kjy; Xfj;J tiuahd

fhyg;gFjpapy; &.1>014.1 gpy;ypaDf;F fzprkhdsT

mjpfhpj;jJ. kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l ntspehl;L

epjpapay; gha;r;ry;fSf;F kj;jpapy; cs;ehl;L

epjpaply; %yq;fspy; murhq;fk; ngUkstpy;

jq;fpUe;jik kw;Wk; murhq;fj;jpd; murpiwr;

Nrfhpg;gpyhd gw;whf;Fiw Nghd;wit 2020 rdthp

Kjy; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; murpw;fhd

Njwpa nfhLfldpd; ,e;j Kd;ndg;nghOJkpy;yhj

cah;tpw;F fhuzkhfpd. cyfshtpa

Neha;g;gutypdhy; NkYk; Nkhrkile;j murpw;Fr;

nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj; njhopy;Kaw;rpfspd;

gyaPdkile;j epjpapay; epiyikfspidg;

gpujpgypj;J murpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj;

njhopy;Kaw;rpfspw;fhd nfhLfld; fle;j Mz;bd;

xj;j fhyg;gFjpapd; &.8.5 gpy;ypad; Njwpa

kPs;nfhLg;gdTld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp

njhlf;fk; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; &.205.0

rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. 2020 A+iy tiuapy;

njhlh;e;Jk; gyaPdkhff; fhzg;gl;l jdpahh;

Jiwf;Fg; gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l nfhLfld; jho;e;j

fld; toq;fy; tPjq;fs; rYifabg;gilapyhd

fld; trjpfspD}lhd gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l

nfhLflDk; ,ize;J 2020 Xfj;jpy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f

tphpthf;fj;jpidf; fhl;baJ. ,jd;gb> jdpahh;

Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpd; Mz;Lf;fhz;L tsh;r;rp

2019 ,Wjpapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;l 4.3 rjtPj

tsh;r;rpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Xfj;J ,Wjpapy;

5.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F tphptile;jJ. jdpahh; Jiwf;F

gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l nkhj;jf; nfhLfld; 2020 Xfj;jpy;

KbtilAk; vl;L khj fhyg;gFjpapy; &.110.6

gpy;ypad; tphpthf;fnkhd;wpidg; gjpTnra;jJ.

G+h;thq;f kjpg;gPLfs; 2020 nrj;njk;gu; khjj;jpYk;

jdpahh; Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpy; MNuhf;fpakhd

tphpthf;fj;jpidf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ.

epjpapay; Jiw

y epjpapay; JiwahdJ nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa

Neha;g;gutypdhy; vOfpd;w cs;ehl;L kw;Wk;

cyfshtpa nghUshjhu ,ilA+Wfs; kw;Wk;

rthy;kpf;f tpahghur; #oy; vd;gtw;wpidr; rkhspj;Jj;

njhlh;e;Jk; jhf;Fg;gpbf;ff;$bajhftpUf;fpwJ.

tq;fpj;njhopy; JiwahdJ itg;Gf;fspd;

jpul;lypdhy; gpujhdkhf epjpaplg;gl;L> fld;fs;

kw;Wk; Kw;gzq;fs; mj;Jld; KjyPLfs;

Nghd;witfspdhynjhU mjpfhpg;Gld; mjd;

nrhj;Jj; jsj;jpy; xU kpjkhdsT tphpthf;fj;jpidg;

gjpTnra;jJ. nraw;glhf;fld;fspd; mjpfhpj;Jr;

nry;Yk;Nghf;F tq;fpj;njhopy; Jiwapd;

nfhLfld; ,lh;Neh;T Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy; xU

fhpridahfj; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. cah;tile;j

nfhLfld; ,lh;Neh;tpw;Fg; Gwk;ghf> tq;fpj;njhopy;

JiwahdJ NghJkhdsT %yjdk;> jputj;jd;ik

kw;Wk; xJf;fPl;L cs;slf;fk; Nghd;wtw;Wld;

njhopw;gl;lJ. chpkk;ngw;w epjpf; fk;gdpfs;

kw;Wk; rpwg;gpay;G tha;e;j Fj;jiff;FtpLk;

fk;gdpfs; JiwahdJ 2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk;

vl;L khjq;fspy; ke;jkhd nrayhw;wj;jpidg;

gjpTnra;jJ. Jiwapd; nkJtiljy; nrhj;Jf;fs;>

nfhLfld; kw;Wk; itg;Gf;fspd; RUf;fj;jpYk;

mj;Jld; nraw;glhf; fld;fspd; mjpfhpg;G

kw;Wk; ,yhgj;jd;ikapd; tPo;r;rp Nghd;wtw;wpy;

gpujpgypf;fg;gl;lJ. fhg;GWjp kw;Wk; Nrkyhg

epjpaq;fs; Nghd;w epjpapay; Jiwapd; Vida

Jizj;Jiwfs; ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; fyg;ghd

nrayhw;wj;jpidg; gjpTnra;j mNjNtisapy;

nfhtpl;-19 ,d; gutypdhy; Nkhrkhfg;; ghjpf;fg;gl;l

gq;Fr; re;ij 2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J kPl;rpf;fhd

rkpf;iQfisf; fhl;baJ. ,NjNtis> nfhtpl;-19

cld; njhlh;Ggl;l Klf;Fjy; fhyg;gFjpapYk; $l

nfhLg;gdT kw;Wk; jPh;g;gdTfspd; ,ilA+wy;yhj

njhopw;ghL cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;L mjd; %yk;

nghUshjhuj;jpy; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fs;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;F trjpaspf;fg;gl;lJ.

11

15

nghJNehf;F

gd;dhl;Lg; nghUshjhur; #oy;

y nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F kj;jpapy;

cyfg; nghUshjhuKk; epjpr; re;ijfSk;

cr;rf;fl;l epr;rakw;wjd;ikfSf;F Kfq;nfhLj;J

2020,d; ,Jtiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; cyfshtpa

nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; xU Jupjkhd

RUf;fj;jpw;F fhuzkhfpd. gd;dhl;L ehza

epjpaj;jpd; 2020 xj;Njhghpy; ntspaplg;gl;l cyfg;

nghUshjhuj; Njhw;wg;ghlhdJ cyfshtpa

nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp 2019,d; 2.8 rjtPj tsh;r;rpAld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,y; 4.4 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

RUf;fkilAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.

cyfshtpa nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpahdJ 2021

,y; 5.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F kPl;rpaile;J mjd; gpd;dh;

ke;jkilAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.

y Kd;ndhUnghOJkpy;yhj kl;lq;fspy; cyfshtpa

hPjpapy; murhq;fq;fspd; nrytplYk; kj;jpa

tq;fpfspd; ehzaf; nfhs;ifj; jsh;j;JjYk;

Kf;fpa nghUshjhuq;fspy; tUkhdk; kw;Wk;

njhopy;tha;g;GfSf;F Mjutspg;gjpYk; 2020

fhyg;gFjpapy; RUf;fj;jpidj; jzpg;gjpYk;

JizGhpe;jd. nghUshjhuq;fs; gbg;gbahf

kPsj;jpwf;fg;gl;ljdhy; 2020,d; Nk kw;Wk; A+d;

khjq;fspy; nraw;ghL gbg;gbahf mjpfhpj;j

mNjNtisapy; ghhpastpyhd nfhs;ifj; J}

z;ly;fs; ghjpf;fg;gl;l tpahghuq;fisAk;

jdpegh;fisAk; kPl;rpailar; nra;tjw;F

ngUkstpy; JizGhpe;jd. If;fpa mnkhpf;fhtpd;

nkh.c.cw;gj;jp Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy;

2020,d; Kjw; fhyhz;bd; 5.0 rjtPjr;

RUf;fj;jpidj; njhlh;e;J 2020 ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by;

31.4 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkile;jJ. If;fpa

,uhr;rpak; fle;j Mz;bd; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld;

xg;gpLk;NghJ 2020,d; Kjw;fhyhz;by; 2.5 rjtPj

RUf;fj;jpidAk; mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2020,d;

,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 19.8 rjtPj RUf;fj;jpidAk;

gjpTnra;jJ. INuhg;gpa gpuhe;jpaj;jpy;;

nghUshjhuk; 2020,d; Kjw;fhyhz;by; 3.7 rjtPj

RUf;fj;jpidj; njhlh;e;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk;

fhyhz;by; 11.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkile;jJ.

xU rhjfkhd Fwpg;gpy;;; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; jhf;fk;

kiwe;J tUtjdhy; rPdh 2020,d; Kjw;;fhyhz;bd;

Mz;Lf;fhz;L RUf;fj;jpypUe;J kPz;lJ. 2020,d;

Kjw;fhyhz;bd; 6.8 rjtPj RUf;fj;Jld;

xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 3.2

rjtPjkhd kpjkhd tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jJ.

,NjNtis> rPdg; nghUshjhuk; fle;jnthU

Mz;bypUe;J 2020,d; %d;whk; fhyhz;by; 4.9

rjtPj nkh.c.cw;gj;jp tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;J

cj;Ntfj;jpidg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. ,e;jpahtpy;

nfhtpl;-19 ,d; Jhpjkhd gutypidg; gpujpgypj;J

,e;jpahtpd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp 2020,d;

Kjw;fhyhz;by; Mz;Lf;fhz;L 3.1 rjtPj

tsh;r;rpapypUe;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 23.9

rjtPjkhf fLikahf RUf;fkile;jJ. Vwj;jho

midj;J Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; nghUshjhuq;fSk;

fle;j Mz;bd; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J

Mz;bd; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; nghUshjhur;

nraw;ghl;by; $h;ikahd tPo;r;rpapidg;

gjpTnra;jd.

y cyfshtpa nghUshjhuj;jpd; kPnsOr;rpf;fhd rpy

rkpf;iQfSf;F khwhf kPl;rpahdJ ePz;ljhfTk;>

epr;rakw;wjhfTk; nghUshjhuq;fSf;fpilNa

rhprkkw;wjhfTkpUf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.

,jd;gb Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fs;

2020,y; 5.8 rjtPjj;jpy; RUf;fkile;J mjidj;

njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 3.9 rjtPj tsh;r;rpnahd;iw

milAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. rPdh

cs;slq;fyhf Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;

mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fSk;

2020,y; 3.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkilAnkd

vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w mNjNtis 2021 ,w;fhf

6.0 rjtPjkhd tYthd tsh;r;rpnahd;W

vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. 2020,y; tsh;r;rp

xd;wpidg; gjpTnra;aTs;s xNu Kf;fpa

nghUshjhukhf rPdh 2020,y; 1.9 rjtPjj;jpdhYk;

mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 8.2 rjtPjj;jpdhYk;

tsh;r;rpailtjw;F vwpTnra;ag;gl;Ls;sJld;

nghUshjhuj;jpd;; tsh;r;rp tha;g;Gf;fs; njhlh;e;Jk;

tYthfTs;sd. ,e;jpahtpd; nghUshjhuk;

2020,y; 10.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkilAnkdTk;

mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 8.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

tsh;r;rpailAnkdTk; vwpTnra;ag;gLfpwJ.

y cyfshtpa hPjpahf gue;Jgl;l nfhs;if

MjuT cyfg; nghUshjhuj;jpd; nraw;ghl;il

,Jtiuapy; rpwpjstpy; kPnsOr;rpailtjw;Fj;

1

16


JizGhpe;jJ. Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fs;

jd;dpr;irahd tUtha;fs; kw;Wk; nryTldhd

topKiwfs; mj;Jld; gq;Fhpik cl;nrYj;jy;>

nrhj;Jf; nfhs;tdTfs;> fld;fs; kw;Wk;

nfhLfld; cj;juthjk; cs;slq;fyhf gy;NtW

tbtpyike;j jputj;jd;ik MjuT Nghd;wtw;Wld;

gjpypWj;jd. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;

mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fs;

Fwpj;j rpy nghUshjhuq;fspd; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l

nfhs;if ,ilntspf;F kj;jpapYk; fzprkhf

jd;dpr;irahd tuTnryTj; jpl;l topKiwfSld;

gjpypWj;jd. ,NjNtis> cyfpd; gy;NtW

gFjpfspYk; Gjpa nfhs;if Kaw;rpfSk;

Mh;tyh;fSf;fpilapy; kdg;ghq;fpid cah;tilar;

nra;tjpy; JizGhpe;Js;sd. cjhuzkhf

INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; cyfshtpa Neha;g;guty;

kPl;rpg;nghjp epjpaj;jpidj; njhlq;fpAs;sJld;

Vida mNefkhd ehLfs; ghjpf;fg;gl;l

epWtdq;fSf;Fk; tPl;Llikahsh;fSf;Fk;

gzk; kw;Wk; gz;ltbtpyhd khw;wy;fs;> Cjpa

cjT njhiffs;> njhopypd;ik fhg;gPl;L

cs;slf;fj;jpd; tphpthf;fk;> thp xj;jpitg;Gf;fs;

kw;Wk; gytw;iw toq;fpd. Kd;Ndw;wkile;j

nghUshjhuq;fspd; kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; eltbf;if

Jhpjkhd nfhs;if tl;btPjf; Fiwg;GfSf;F

Nkyjpfkhf gue;Jgl;l ghhpastpyhd nrhj;Jf;

nfhs;tdTfs; kw;Wk; kPs;epjpaply; trjpfisAk;

cs;slf;fpapUe;jJ. If;fpa mnkhpf;fhtpd;

ngluy; hpNrh;t; 2 rjtPj nefpo;r;rpj;jd;iktha;e;j

ruhrhpg; gztPf;f ,yf;fpw;F khWfpd;w mjd;

ehzaf; nfhs;if cghaj;jpd; khw;wq;fis

mwptpj;j mNjNtisapy; jho;e;j tl;b

tPjq;fisg; Ngzpf;nfhs;tJ kPjhd Kd;Ndhf;fpa

topfhl;ly;fis toq;fpaJ. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk;

re;ijg; nghUshjhuq;fspd; kj;jpa tq;fpfspd;

gjpypWg;Gf;fs; gpujhdkhf tl;btPj Fiwg;Gf;fs;>

kPs;fld;toq;fy; trjpfs; kw;Wk; nrhj;Jf;

nfhs;tdTfis cs;slf;fpapUe;jJ. ,j;jifa

nfhs;if topKiwfSf;Fg; gjpypWj;jp 2020 A+d;

khjj;jpypUe;J cyfshtpa nghUshjhu kw;Wk;

epjpapay; epiyg;ghLfs; rpy Kd;Ndw;wj;jpidf;

fhl;bd. vdpDk; mz;ika khjq;fspy;

cyfshtpa hPjpapy; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; ,uz;lhk;

miyapd; fhuzkhf ,lh;Neh;Tfs; kPsj;Njhw;wk;

ngw;Ws;sJ Nghy; njhpfpd;wJ.

y cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; fhuzkhf

epuk;gy; ,ilA+WfspypUe;njOk; tpiy

mOj;jq;fSf;F khwhf ke;jkile;j Nfs;tp

epiyg;ghLfspd; fhuzkhf cyfshtpa

gztPf;fk; njhlh;e;Jk; kpjkhftpUe;jJ.

Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fspy; gztPf;fk;

cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F Kd;dpUe;j

kl;lq;fspy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. ,NjNtisapy;

cyfshtpa Neha;g;guty; tpiuthfg;

gutpaJld; Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;

mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fspy;

gztPf;fk; tpiuthf tsh;r;rpaile;jJ. vdpDk;>

czT tpiyfspd; mjpfhpg;gpw;F fhuzkhfpa

toq;fy; ,ilA+Wfspidg; gpujpgypj;J rpy

ehLfs; gztPf;fj;jpd; cah;tpw;F Kfq;nfhLj;jd.

Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhug; gphptpy; Efh;Nthh;

tpiyg; gztPf;fk; 2021,y; 1.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F

cah;tiltjw;F Kd;dh; 2020,y; 0.8 rjtPjkhf

vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij

kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fspd;

gphptpy; gztPf;fkhdJ 2020,y; 5.0 rjtPjkhfTk;

2021,y; 4.7 rjtPjkhfTk; vwpTnra;ag;gLfpwJ.

ehLKjd;ikf; nfhs;if

tPjk;

2017

Kbtpy;

2018

Kbtpy;

2019

Kbtpy;

23 xj;

2020

,yq;if Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk;

7.25 8.00 7.00 4.50

Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjk;

8.75 9.00 8.00 5.50

Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ijg; nghUshjhuq;fs;

,e;jpah kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk; 6.00 6.50 5.15 4.00

kNyrpah XhpuTf; nfhs;if tPjk; 3.00 3.25 3.00 1.75

jha;yhe;J 1-ehs; ,UGil kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;

1.50 1.75 1.25 0.50

rPdh 1-Mz;L fld;toq;fy; tPjk;

4.35 4.35 4.15 3.85

,e;NjhNdrpah 7-ehs; Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;

4.25 6.00 5.00 4.00

gpypigd;]; XhpuT Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;

3.00 4.75 4.00 2.25

Kd;Ndw;wq;fz;l nghUshjhuq;fs;

If;fpa mnkhpf;fh

ngluy; epjpa tPjk;1.25-1.50

2.25-2.50

1.50-1.75

0.00-0.25

If;fpa ,uhr;rpak;

tq;fp tPjk; 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.10

INuhg;gpa kj;jpa tq;fp

kPs;epjpaply; tPjk; 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

ag;ghd; XhpuT miog;G tPjk; - 0.10 - 0.10 - 0.10 - 0.10fdlh XhpuT tPjk; 1.00 1.75 1.75 0.25mT];jpNuypah fhR tPjk; 1.50 1.50 0.75 0.25RtPld; kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk; - 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.25 0.00

%yk; : njhlh;ghd kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; ,izaj;jsq;fs;

rjtPjk;

ml;ltiz 1.2

njhpe;njLf;fg;gl;l kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; nfhs;if

tl;b tPjq;fspd; khw;wq;fs;

11

17

nghJNehf;F

nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; Njhw;wj;jpy;

cyfshtpa gz;lr; re;ijfspy; jq;fk; njhlh;e;Jk;

ghJfhg;ghd nrhj;njhd;whfj; njhlh;fpd;wJ.

,jd;gb> ,;t;thz;by; gd;dhl;L jq;f tpiyfs;

mjpfhpj;J 2020 Xfj;J Kjyhk; thuj;jpy; xU

mTd;rpw;F I.m.nlhyh;fs; 2>000 kl;lj;jpid

tpQ;rpaJld; mjd; gpd;dh; Fiwtile;J 2020

xj;Njhgh; eLg;gFjpapy; mTd;rpw;F I.m.nlhyh;

1>898 Mfj; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. Klf;Fjy;fs;

kw;Wk; gazf; fl;Lg;ghLfisj; njhlh;e;J

Nfs;tpapd; fLikahd tPo;r;rpf;F kj;jpapy;

Ntfkhfr; rhptile;j krnfz;nza; tpiyfs;

2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J gbg;gbahd cah;tpid

vLj;Jf; fhl;bd. 2020 Vg;gpwy; gpw;gFjpapy;

gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F Vwj;jho I.m.nlhyh; 13.0 ,w;F

tPo;r;rpaile;j gpnud;l; krnfz;nza; tpiyfs;

mjd; gpd;dh; krnfz;nzapd; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l

,Ug;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; If;fpa mnkhpf;fh kw;Wk;

rPdhtpd; tphptile;j nraw;ghLfspd; gpujhd

fhuzkhf gbg;gbahf cah;tile;J 2020 Xfj;J

,Wjpapy; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F I.m.nlhyh; 46.1 ,id

mile;jd. vdpDk; 2020 xj;Njhgh; eLg;gFjpapy;

krnfz;nza; tpiyfs; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F

Vwj;jho I.m.nlhyh; 43.4 ,w;F tPo;r;rpaile;jd.

cyfg; nghUshjhu Njhw;wg;ghl;bd; xj;Njhgh;

2020 ntspg;ghl;bd;gb ruhrhp ngw;Nwhypa

tpiyfs; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F 2020,y; I.m.nlhyh;

41.7 MfTk; 2021,y; I.m.nlhyh; 46.7 MfTk;

vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.

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1

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11

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1

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nkhj;j murpiw kw;Wk; nfhilfs; nkh.c.c.,d;¾ 13.5 (v) 12.6 9.7 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.4 13.1nrytpdk; kw;Wk; Njwpa fld; toq;fy; nkh.c.c.,d;¾ 18.7 (v) 19.4 18.9 18.4 18.3 17.8 17.6 17.1eilKiw fzf;F epYit nkh.c.c.,d;¾ -1.2 (v) - 2.7 - 6.3 - 4.8 - 4.0 - 2.6 - 1.7 - 0.5Muk;g epYit nkh.c.c.,d;¾ 0.6 (v) - 0.8 - 3.2 - 2.0 - 1.5 - 0.7 - 0.2 0.6jpuz;l ,iw epYit nkh.c.c.,d;¾ - 5.3 (v) - 6.8 - 9.3 - 7.8 - 7.1 - 6.0 - 5.2 - 4.0kj;jpa mur gLfld; nkh.c.c.,d;¾ 83.7 (v) 86.8 93.0 92.4 90.0 86.1 82.3 77.5

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chapter 1 - V 5 · 1 4,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs;: 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa...

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Transcript of chapter 1 - V 5 · 1 4,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs;: 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa...