Chapter 1Introduction to Anatomy

Do Now

Take a few

to review

for the Terminology quiz

Anatomical position

• To avoid confusion among medical professional an anatomical position has been established. It is an erect stance with arms to the side palms facing forward and head forward.

Terms of position & directionAnatomical planes

Medical term for locations

• Anterior-refers to the front of the body

• Posterior refers to the back of the body

Medial and Lateral

Medial-closer to the

midline

Lateral-away from the

midline

M L

LM

Do Now

• Draw a knee and identify the following on it.

• Anterior• Medial• Lateral

ProximalSituated nearer to the center of

the body, a point of attachment or midline of body.

Ex. Shoulder is proximal to the elbow Ex. Hip is proximal to the knee

Distal Away from the center of the body

or point of attachment

Cranial/Superior

Closer

To the

Head/Cranium,

or

Above

Caudal/Inferior

•Closer to the feet

•Lower part

of body

Do Now• Draw a foot like picture

Identify the following anatomical locations:

• Distal-D

• Posterior-P

• Medial-M

• Lateral-L

Anatomical position worksheet

Do Now

• Write down this definition:

Palmar-is the directional location for the palm of the hand.

Movements•Flexion( ) -bending of hinge joint

•Extension( / )-straightening of hinge joint

•Abduction( Abd)-Away from the midline

•Adduction (Add)- toward the midline

Pronation(pron)- palm down for wrist

Inward lean of forefoot for ankle

Orthotics

This is how orthotics work

• Do Now-copy this in notes

Supination(sup)-palm up for wrist

•Outward lean of forefoot for ankle

Supination

• Inversion(Inv)-sole is inward

•Eversion(Ev)- sole is outward

• Protraction(protract)-shoulders forward

• Retraction(retract-shoulders back

• Internal rotation-(Int. R)rotating toward the body

External rotation (Ext.R)-rotating away from the body

Circumduction(circum.)• Happens at

the ball and socket joint and encompasses several movements.

Plantarflexion(PF)-pointing ankle

Dorsiflexion(DF)-ankle up

Lateral flexion(Lat. – )to the side

Horizontal Abduction (Horiz.Abd) and Horizontal Adduction(Horiz.Add)

HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION