Chair’s Message

By David W. Halt, D.Sc.

Dear FED Members,

I am pleased to report anotherterrific year for our Fluids Engineer-ing Division. Our Summer FluidsEngineering Conference, AJK2011,was held jointly with ASME (Ameri-can Society of Mechanical Engi-neering), JSME (Japanese Societyof Mechanical Engineering) andKSME (Korean Society of Mechani-

cal Engineering) in Hamamatsu, Japan on July 24–29, 2011.We had over 600 technical papers from 32 countries makingthis a significant international event in Fluids Engineering.There were six plenary lectures, three luncheon lectures andtwo luncheon seminars from representative speakers selectedby ASME, JSME and KSME. The Conference was organizedinto 26 symposia, 5 fora and 4 Technical Flash events whichwere oral presentation only. The Technical Flash is new for thisFluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting (FEDSM).

Every four years, the FEDSM has been held together withJSME starting in 1991. Our previous event was held during2007 in San Diego with significant participation from Japaneseand Korean authors. It was at this time that we decided the2011 event would be hosted in Japan. During the AJK2011Conference, it was decided the follow on event in 2015 will beheld in Korea. We decided to promote the on-site participationof student authors and supported seven of the ASME studentauthors who traveled to Hamamatsu and presented a technicalpaper. The ASME students were each given $1,200 to helpdefray travel and registration costs for AJK2011.

Before the AJK2011 Conference, student support has beendone at the annual IMECE meeting via the Young EngineersPaper (YEP) contest. Prof. Terry Beck has run the YEP sessioneach year which invites undergraduate student authors to sub-mit papers. The papers are judged and the top five are select-ed to participate in a technical session at the conference.Monetary awards are presented to the student authors withbest papers. The EC is now developing plans to expand stu-dent author promotion to the annual summer meetings forgraduate level students. The idea is to promote student partic-

ipation and involvement at the two big FED events each year.Our division had a good showing at IMECE in Denver, CO,

Nov 13–17, 2011. The IMECE format encourages interdiscipli-nary involvement in the organization of tracks and sessions,however, the primary footprint of FED is in Track 11, Fluidsand Thermal Systems, organized by Dr. Jinkook Lee. Thistrack had 14 symposia and panels comprising 44 sessions withover 200 technical papers. Next year’s IMECE will be in Hous-ton, TX and Prof. Francine Battaglia is the FED track chair.

The Fluids Engineering Division is involved in all areas of fluid mechanics,encompassing both fundamental as well as applications

Spring 2012 NewsletterRamin Rahmani, Editor

Chair’s Message 1

Report on ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering 2

FED Technical Committee ReportsFluid Applications and Systems Technical Committee 3Micro- and Nano-Scale Fluid Dynamics Technical Committee 3Multiphase Flow Technical Committee 4Computational Fluid Dynamics Technical Committee 5Fluid Measurement & Instrumentation Technical Committee 5Fluid Mechanics Technical Committee 5

Advisory Council 7

FED AwardsHonors and Awards 7Fluids Engineering Award 7Robert T. Knapp Award 7Lewis F. Moody Award 8S. Gopalakrishnan—Flowserve Pump Technology Award 8Fluids Machinery Design Award 8Freeman Scholar Awards

Pulsatile Non-Newtonian Flow in a Three-Stream CoaxialAirblast Injector 9–11

IMECE2012 11

Photographs from IMECE2011 in Denver, Colorado, USA 12–13

FED Young Engineer Paper Contest 14

IMECE2011 Track 11 (Fluids & Thermal Systems) 15

2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting 15

Photographs from FEDSM2011/AJK2011 inHamamatsu, Japan 16–17

(continued on page 3)

2 Spring 2012

Report on ASME Journal ofFluids Engineering

By Malcolm Andrews, Technical Editor of the JFE

I am pleased to write this reportabout the progress with the ASMEJournal of Fluids Engineering(JFE). I have taken this opportunityto report the progress of the Jour-nal, our current efforts to improveresponses to authors, and givesome directions on how best to sub-mit articles.

During the course of 2011 it came to our attention that theofficial Thompson Reuter cite wasn’t what most authors hadbeen commonly using. About 1 month ago the ASME checkedwith Thompson Reuter directly to identify the correct way tocite our journal. The ASME Publishing committee, led by JoeKatz, is working hard with the ASME to have ThompsonReuter expand their cite search to allow for a more accurateimpact factor calculation. The correct cite for the Journal ofFluids Engineering is “J Fluids Eng- Trans ASME”.

During 2011 the Journal had a total of 502 submissions, ofwhich to date 306 were assigned to Associate Editors after apreliminary review. 105 have been accepted and another 138are in progress. These statistics compare well with 2010, andindicate that we are on-track to accept about 25% of paperssubmitted in 2011. Approximately 35% of papers assigned toAssociate Editors in 2011 have already been accepted forpublication. It is likely that this percentage will rise as thereview for the remaining 138 papers are completed.

Moreover, during 2011 we have had a number of AssociateEditors finish their terms. Theodore J. Heindel (2005-2011)and James Liburdy (2005-2010) both finished their secondterm in 2011. In addition Steven Ceccio (2010-2011), PhilippeDuport (2008-2011)and Steven T. Wereley (2008-2011) eachcompleted working as Associate Editors for one term. MostRecently Mark Stremler (2009-2012), Dimitris Drikakis(2009-2012), Paul Durbin (2009-2012)and Rajat Mittal(2011-2012)completed their terms on January 1st of 2012. We will missworking with each of these individuals. Individually theybrought specialized expertise from their field. Their years ofexperience and wisdom defiantly enhanced the performanceof the journal while they were working as part of the Journalof Fluids Engineering team.

Joining us in January of 2011 year was Mark Duignan fromSavannah River National Laboratory and Mark Tachie of theUniversity of Manitoba. In March, we were pleased to haveJohn Abraham join our team from Purdue University. Later thislast summer we were pleased to have one of our guest editorsAli Beskok from Old Dominion University agree to become afull fledged Associate Editor. Most recently in October Dr. MikeOlsen from Iowa State University agreed to join our team ofAssociate Editors. In addition to our new Associate Editors, weare also excited to have Sharaith Girimanji, Krishnan Mahesh,Susha Mitra and Bart Van Esch also joining the team this yearworking as Guest Editors, and we hope, shortly these individu-als will also become full fledged Associate Editors.

As with all fluid systems, the Journal is committed toincrease submission, quality, and response to authors. To thisend we continue to use a policy of Editor “pre-screening”papers when they are first submitted to give quick feedbackabout manuscripts that are obviously deficient. Such deficien-cies typically include: poor English; formating as a conferencepublication rather than for the Journal {https://journaltool.asme.org/Help/AuthorHelp/WebHelp/JournalsHelp.htm};“work-in-progress” rather than completed; “observational”conclusions rather than careful analysis and discussion; and,use of commercial software to create a “report” rather than anarchival set of results of value/use to the JFE readership. Tohelp authors with the criteria for use of commercial softwarethe JFE published an article {Andrews,M., “Guidelines for Useof Commercial Software and Diagnostics in Articles for theJournal of Fluids Engineering,” J Fluids Eng–Trans ASME, vol.133, iss. 1, pp010201-010202.}, and I strongly encourageauthors to review that article for helpful guidance and to payattention to the ASME requirement on reporting numericaluncertainty {Celik, I.B., Ghia, U., Roache, P.J., Freitas, C.J.,Coleman, H., et al, “Procedure for Estimation and Reporting ofUncertainty Due to Discretization in CFD Applications,” J Flu-ids Eng–Trans ASME, vol. 130, iss. 7, pp0780011-0780014.}.

Associate Editors are also encouraged to do their own pre-screen, with more technical depth, prior to sending to review-ers, and to let authors (or the editorial office) know of anydeficiencies that might significantly impact the likelihood of asuccessful review. The spirit of these pre-screenings is providefaster feedback to authors, and provide better quality papersfor reviewers to consider (our reviewers are some of our futureauthors).

We also encourage authors, whose conference papers havebeen ranked “journal quality”, to consider extending theirpaper and submitting to the Journal (after formatting to theJournal requirement). It is my experience that most confer-ence papers report “work-in-progress” and typically needadditional results before they become of archival value. So thesubmission of a conference paper straight to the Journal (afterthe conference) is likely to be unsuccessful under a pre-screenor review. However, closer coupling of conferences to theJournal prove beneficial to both.

One last significant change concerns excess page charges,these charges are not currently being assessed, but the (sub-stantial) color print charges will remain. Thus, the previouslimit of 9 journal pages is not currently in effect, but authorsshould be careful of excessively long papers where readersmight lose interest.

I close by thanking my editorial board of Associate Editorsand the editorialoffice for all their hard work. Please feel free tocontact the editorial office at JFE.EditorialOffice@gmail.com ifyou have any questions. If you see me at a conference pleasedo not hesitate to visit. �

Best regards,Malcolm Andrews

Technical EditorASME Journal of Fluids Engineering

Spring 2012 3

Fluid Applications and SystemsTechnical Committee (FASTC)

D. Keith Walters, ChairWayne Strasser, Vice-Chair

T he mission of theFluids Applications

and Systems TechnicalCommittee (FASTC) isto promote the advance-ment and disseminationof fluids engineeringresearch and technologyin several wide-rangingsingle-and multi-discipli-nary topic areas. Theseinclude such traditionaldisciplines as fluidpower systems, turbo-machinery, automotive

flows, and industrial fluid mechanics,and can include less traditional topicssuch as environmental engineering, geo-physical flows, extra-terrestrial physics,chemical processing, alternative energysystems, or fluid vibrations andacoustics. The primary function of thecommittee is to coordinate and organizeresearch symposia at two major venuesfor fluids engineering—the annual ASMEFluids Engineering Division SummerMeeting (FEDSM) and the ASME Inter-national Mechanical Engineering Con-gress and Exposition (IMECE)—as wellas other FED sponsored meetings andevents. Researchers and engineers fromacademia, industry and government areencouraged to meet and exchange infor-mation on these and other topicsthrough their participation in FASTC.

We will sponsor two recurring sym-posia at the Fluids Engineering SummerMeetingin Puerto Rico, USA, July8-12,2012. These include the 24rd Sympo-sium on Fluid Machinery and the 19thSymposium on Industrial and Environ-mental Applications in Fluid Mechanics.In addition, FASTC will co-sponsor theSymposium on Issues and Perspectivesin Ground Vehicle Flows, and 13th Inter-national Symposium on Advances inNumerical Modeling for TurbomachineryFlow Optimization. For the 2012JointFED/HTD IMECE meeting in Houston,TX, USA, November 9-15, FASTC willsponsor the 21th Symposium on Industri-al Flows and co-sponsor the Symposiumon Wind Turbines Aero and Control.

We were pleased to have new mem-bers attend the FASTC meetings atFEDSM and IMECE in 2011.We continueto encourage all interested individualsfrom academia and industry to partici-pate in the FASTC activities, and espe-cially to attend our symposia and techni-cal committee meetings. If you are inter-ested in volunteering with the committee,or if you have any questions or concerns,please don’t hesitate to contact theChair, Keith Walters at Mississippi StateUniversity (walters@me.msstate.edu) or the Vice Chair, Wayne Strasser atEastman Chemical Company (strasser@eastman.com). �

Micro- and Nano-Scale FluidDynamics Technical Committee(MNFDTC)

Prashanta Dutta, ChairDavid Sinton, Vice-Chair

I t was another greatyear for micro- and

nano-scale fluid dynam-ics at the IMECE. Thisyear the micro/nanofluid dynamics sessions

had a total of 46 talks with 18papers/talks presented in Track 5-3 and28 papers/talks presented in Track 10-11. The sessions were well attended andthere was excellent discussion followingthe talks. This year the symposium wasalso able to attract a number ofpapers/talks outside of USA. The 2011Microfluidics forum was organized byChang-Hwan Choi of Stevens Institute ofTechnology, with help from Jiang Zhe ofUniversity of Akron, and Peter Huang ofBinghamton University. Jiang Zhe is tak-ing the lead for 2012, with help fromIskander Akhatov of North Dakota StateUniversity. Chang-Hwan is assistingJiang and Iskander with the onlinereview system.

Invited talks are an important part ofthe IMECE meeting, and this past yearthe Forum attracted outstandingresearchers Prof. Luke P. Lee from Uni-versity of California, Berkeley and Prof.Todd Squires from University of Califor-nia, Santa Barbara to the event. Dr.Luke Lee is a world-leading researcherin bionanoscience, molecular diagnos-

(continued on page 4)

Chair’s Message(continued from page 1)

FED Technical Committee Reports

Our next Summer Meeting will be heldin Puerto Rico, July 8–12, 2012. Dr.Jinkook Lee is the FEDSM Chair. ThisConference will be held jointly with theHeat Transfer Division’s (HTD) SummerHeat Transfer Conference. Furthermore, athird Conference is simultaneously held,The International Conference onMicrochannels, Nanochannels andMinichannels (ICNMM), which is spon-sored by FED. The current organization ofthe annual ICNMM is sponsored on evenyears by FED and on odd years by HTD.In 2013, the FEDSM will be held in LakeTahoe, NV and Prof. Francine Battagliawill be the Conference Chair. This Confer-ence will not be held simultaneously withother conferences making it a smaller butdedicated Summer Fluids Meeting in theresort community of Incline Village.

The Journal of Fluids Engineering (JFE)continues to grow, thanks to the leadershipof Dr. Malcolm Andrews and his talentedstaff of Associate Editors (AE). The contin-ued success of JFE helps to contributefinancially to the FED budget. Dr. Andrewshas tackled the issue of how to improveJFE’s impact factor and we are looking forwards to positive results over time.

The Journal of Nanotechnology inEngineering and Medicine is co-spon-sored by FED along with several otherdivisions. FED has been active in pro-moting this Journal along with 4 otherdivisions. FED recommended Prof BorisKhusid to his current position as theinterim Technical Editor until 2012. Also,Dr. Joe Katz, former JFE Technical Edi-tor, is serving as the chair of the advisorycommittee overseeing this journal.

The FED is grateful for the help ofdedicated ASME staff. Many thanks goto Nhora Cortes-Comerer and StaceyCooper in Publications. Also thanks toErin Dolan, FEDSM and IMECE eventsmanager, along with Lee Hawkins,Senior Program Manager and JacintaMcComie Cates, Administrator.

We encourage involvement by allmembers in the Technical Committees(TC) of FED. It is the volunteer effortsfrom our many Technical Committee(TC) members that are instrumental inmaking our conferences a success.Thank you for your support. �

Best regards,David Halt, DSc

Executive Committee ChairFluids Engineering Division

4 Spring 2012

tics, and preventive personalized medi-cine, and he gave a talk on “Bio-nanoscience for Innovative GlobalHealthcare Research & Technology(BIGHEART)”. Dr. Todd Squires is anestablished expert in microfluidics. Toddgave a talk on “Nonlinear Electrokineticsin Microfluidic Systems: Fundamentalsand Applications”. Both researchersgave an interesting and engaging talkand participated in discussions and net-working. These speakers were broughtin by the keynote committee of KendraSharp, Prashanta Dutta and David Sin-ton. This coming years’ invited talks willbe organized by Drs Shaurya Prakash,Nazmul Islam, and Prashanta Dutta.

The Microfluidics social event wasscheduled the same time as the FEDDivision Reception meeting, in the HyattRegency Hotel. The social was wellattended by students, faculty, and engi-neers from industry and was a greatchance for attendees to meet and net-work in a relaxed setting. As theresponse was very positive, the commit-tee will keep this function to futureevents.

The Microfluidics forum also has twoawards: a Best Paper Award and a BestStudent Presentation Award. D. S. Park,S. King, K. E. Thompson, C. S. Willson,and D. E. Nikitopoulos, all formLouisiana State University were awardedthe Best Paper Award for their work onthe “Flow Visualization in ArtificialPorous Media from Microfluidic PMMADevices”. Navdeep Dhillon was awardedthe Best Student Presentation Award. Toselect the best presentations and papers,feedback from session chairs was col-lected and compiled by the awards com-mittee including David Sinton, PrashantaDutta and Kendra Sharp.

The Micro/Nano Society-wide PosterForum was also a success this year andattended by many Microfluidics Forumparticipants. This forum, organized byDaniel Attinger, has become an impor-tant part of the conference experiencefor the Micro/Nano community. TheMicro nano fluid dynamics technicalcommittee met on November 16, 2012(Wednesday), and approved the bylawsfor this technical committee along withmany other routine activities such asformation of subcommittees for theupcoming year.

In 2012, the IMECE will be held inHouston, Texas, and the organizers arecurrently processing the papers and ses-

sions for this event. The Micro and NanoFluid Dynamics Technical Committee islooking forward to the meeting andbroadening the impact of the division.The technical committee will elect a newco-chair during the Micro and NanoFluid Dynamics technical committeemeeting at the 2012 IMECE, and theexecutive committee is soliciting nomi-nations for that. Please contact Dr.Prashanta Dutta (prashanta@wsu.edu) orDr. David Sinton(sinton@mie.utoronto.ca) if you areinterested for the co-chair position ofthis technical committee.

This year the Fluids EngineeringSummer Meeting is being jointly spon-sored with ASME Heat Transfer Meetingand the International Conference onNanochannels, Microchannels, andMinichannels in Puerto Rico, USA. Anumber of the MNFDTC committeemembers are participating either byorganizing sessions or presenting oral orposter submissions.

Respectfully submitted by Chang-Hwan Choi, Jiang Zhe, David Sinton(MNFDTC co-chair), and PrashantaDutta (MNFDTC Chair). �

Multiphase Flow Technical Committee (MFTC)

Mark R. Duignan, ChairTimothy J. O’Hern,Vice-Chair

T o better understandcavitation the ASME

Cavitation Committeewas formed in 1937,which has since evolvedto, and is currentlyknown as, the Multi-phase Flow TechnicalCommittee (MFTC).There is still a strongneed to understand theformation of pressure-induced bubbles and thedestructive force causedby bubble collapse, but

in the 21st century the field of multi-phase, or multicomponent, flow is muchlarger and more diverse, which you canlearn about in the two special sessionson the history of the committee to begiven during FEDSM2012 and describedbelow.

The MFTC is made up of a group ofengineers, scientists, and especially

young professionals interested inadvancing knowledge in all aspects ofmultiphase flow. Because the area is sobroad it touches many other disciplines,including Heat Transfer, Acoustics, Man-ufacturing, Combustion, Bioengineering,and Micro/Nano-Electromechanical sys-tems, to name a few. Our main vehicleto bring the multiphase communitytogether is to create, sponsor, andorganize symposia and fora at engineer-ing conferences: the InternationalMechanical Engineering Congress &Exposition (IMECE) and the Fluids Engi-neering Division (FED) Summer Meeting(FEDSM). The latter is the principalvenue for MFTC activities.

This year is shaping up to be a veryexciting one for the MFTC. The summermeeting, FEDSM2012, which is spon-sored by our division, will be part of theASME2012 Heat Transfer, Fluids Engi-neering, & Nanochannels, Microchan-nels, and Minichannels Conferences(HTFNMM2012). It will be in RioGrande, Puerto Rico, USA, July 8-12[see http://www.asmeconferences.org/HTFNMM2012/].

In 2012 the MFTC is celebrating its75th year of existence! This importantoccasion will be highlighted atFEDSM2012. Past Chair Dr. Bill Morganwill present a plenary lecture to summa-rize the history of the MFTC, specifically,and FED in general. There will also be aspecial session highlighting some keymultiphase research done during thepast 8 decades presented by 8 pastMFTC chairs. Furthermore, during thelast 12 months the MFTC lost two pastchairs, Drs. Clayton T. Crowe (17thchair: 1984-1986) and J. William (Bill)Holl (6th chair: 1962-1964). The specialsession will be dedicated to both ofthese giants in the multiphase flow field.

Besides these special events, theMFTC will also sponsor 2 symposia and3 fora:

• 12th International Symposium onNumerical Methods for MultiphaseFlow

• Symposium on Non-Invasive Mea-surements in Single and MultiphaseFlows (co-sponsored with FMITC)

• 47th Cavitation and Multiphaseflow Forum

• 4th Forum on Biological Flows• Open Forum on Multiphase Flows:

Work in Progress

(continued on page 5)

FED Committee Reports: (continued from page 3)

Spring 2012 5

Finally, the MFTC will be also activeat IMECE2012 in Houston, Texas, Nov.9-15 [see http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2012/] to include sponsor-ing the 8th Forum on Recent Develop-ments in Multiphase Flow.

Come join us in 2012 and 2013 as weare always pleased to welcome new andactive members. Please feel free to con-tact the chair, Mark Duignan at mark.duignan@srnl.doe.gov or the vice-chair,Tim O’Hern at tjohern@sandia.gov. �

Computational Fluid DynamicsTechnical Committee (CFDTC)

Zhongquan (Charlie)Zheng, ChairRaymond Gordnier, Vice-Chair

T he focus of theCFDTC is the field

of computational fluiddynamics and relatedareas. The overallobjective of the CFDTCis to develop, promote,coordinate and dissemi-nate information relatingto the successful andaccurate application ofCFD to problems ofinterest and importanceto the research commu-

nity as well as to industrial users andother practitioners. Membership is opento anyone who is interested in participat-ing in the activities of the CFDTC.

The CFDTC usually meets two timesa year: one at the summer FED meetingand the other at the IMECE meeting.

At the summer FED meeting, theCFDTC sponsors 6 symposia in thesummer meeting: Symposium on Appli-cations in CFD, Symposium on Devel-opment and Applications of ImmersedBoundary Methods, Symposium on CFDVerification and Validation (co-sponsor),Symposium on Algorithm Developmentin CFD, International Symposium onFluid-Structure Interaction and Flow-Induced Noise in Industrial Applications,and Symposium on DNS, LES, andHybrid RANS/LES Methods.

At the IMECE meeting, the CFDTCcurrently sponsors 1 forum and onepanel: Forum on CFD Algorithms andApplications for Flow Optimization andControls, and Panel on CFD/EFD Dilem-ma (co-sponsor). The Forum and Panel

are intended for widening the participa-tion of the CFDTC and cultivating theinter-disciplinary interactions betweenthe CFDTC and the other disciplines atthe IMECE.

We welcome you to be part of theCFDTC, by coming to our TC meetings,presenting at our symposiums, or volun-teering in whatever ways. If you havequestions, comments, or suggestions,please feel free to contact the CFDTCChair Z. Charlie Zheng (zzheng@ku.edu)or Vice Chair Raymond Gordnier (Ray-mond.gordnier@wpafb.af.mil). �

Fluid Measurements and Instrumentation Technical Committee (FMITC)

Pavlos Vlachos, Chair

Hui Hu, Vice Chair

T he mission of theFluid Measurement

and InstrumentationTechnical Committee(FMITC) is to provide avenue for the FluidsEngineering Division(FED) to focus onmeasurement andinstrumentation issuesrelevant to fluid flows.Modern fluids engineer-ing embraces a complexspectrum of problemsfrom the relatively sim-ple case of isothermal,

incompressible, single phase flow ofNewtonian fluids to non-Newtonian mul-tiphase flows with heat and mass trans-fer from the nanoscale to themacroscale. Experimental measure-ments and instrumentation are requiredin all cases to verify new theories, tocertify the performance of fluid machin-ery, or to obtain fundamental informa-tion on processes to guide and validatethe development of analytical andnumerical models.

The FMITC was originally organizedunder the Coordinating Group for FluidMeasurements (CGFM) for the purposeto foster technical and professionaldevelopment activities in the area offluid measurements in both laboratoryand field measurements. FMITC isresponsible to organize, promote, andpresent symposia, forums, and paneldiscussions on fluid measurements. The

committee meetings of FMITC are heldtwice a year at the IMECE and the FEDSummer Meeting. The time and date ofthese meetings are announced in theconference program.

FMITC will organize following sympo-sium and forums as an integral part ofASME 2012 Fluids Engineering DivisionSummer Meeting will be held on July 8-12, 2012 at Puerto Rico, USA:

• Forum on Flow MeasurementUncertainty

• Forum on Fluid Measurements andInstrumentation

• Symposium on Non-Invasive Mea-surements in Single and Multi-phase Flow

Further information about the symposium and forums is available athttp://www.asmeconferences.org/FEDSM2012/

FMITC will also be active atIMECE2012 to be held on Nov. 9-15,2012 at Houston, Texas to organize orco-sponsor following forums and sym-posium:

• Fluid Measurements and Instrumentation

• Noninvasive Measurements in Single and Multiphase Flows

Further information about the sympo-siums and forums is available athttp://www.asmeconferences.org/Con-gress2012/index.cfm

The membership of FMITC is open toall professionals from Academia, Gov-ernment, Industry and Private Sectorinterested in fluid measurement andinstrumentation. If you are interested injoining FMITC or receiving announce-ments and/or notification of FMITCsponsored meetings and symposiums,please write to the FMITC chair, Profes-sor Pavlos Vlachos at pvlachos@vt.eduor the vice chair, Prof. Hui Hu athuhui@iastate.edu. �

Fluid Mechanics Technical Committee (FMTC)

Javid Bayandor, Chair

Kamran Sidiqqui, Vice-Chair

T he Fluid MechanicsTechnical Commit-

tee (FMTC) is one ofthe six Technical Com-

FED Committee Reports: (continued from page 4)

(continued on page 6)

6 Spring 2012

mittees (TCs) of theASME Fluids Engineer-ing Division with theprinciple responsibilityof promoting fundamen-tal and applied fluidmechanics related pro-fessional activities with-in the Division and the

Society. The Committee has a member-ship of over 60, charged with planning,promoting, organizing, and running sym-posia with their associated keynotetalks, and panel discussions on topics ofimportance to the fluid mechanics com-munity. These activities are run annuallyin conjunction with the Fluids Engineer-ing Division Summer Meeting (FEDSM)and the International Mechanical Engi-neering Congress and Exposition(IMECE). In 2012, the Committee willhold eleven symposia during the Sum-mer Meeting in Puerto Rico and foursymposia during IMECE in Huston.

FMTC together with the Division’sExecutive Committee and the other TCshelp nominate a number of renownedFluids Engineering experts from acade-mia and industry to present plenarytalks during each FEDSM event. Theplenary talks are intended to provide amore comprehensive account of thestate of the art and science in one ormore areas of fluid engineering.

During the 2011 Joint ASME, JSMEand KSME Summer Meeting in Hama-matsu, Japan, FMTC had the pleasure ofhosting Professor James Riley, Professorof Mechanical Engineering and AppliedMathematics from the University ofWashington. Professor Riley’s plenarytalk titled “Some Fluid Dynamical Issuesin the Siting of Turbines for Tidal Ener-gy”. He began his talk by discussing theimportance of the tidal energy as asource of renewable energy in severalareas of the world. It was indicated thatin the northwestern United States, thePuget Sound, especially Admiralty Inletin the northern part of the Sound, was apromising source of tidal energy. Profes-sor Riley then continued by highlightingthe ongoing efforts by the NorthwestNational Marine Renewable Energy Cen-ter of the University of Washington inpartnership with the Oregon State Uni-versity to explore the potential for tidalenergy in the Puget Sound. The studiesundertaken within the Center range fromfield experiments to help characterizethe potential of specific sites, to studies

of the effects of water turbines onmarine mammals, to the work address-ing the reliability and survivability of tur-bine devices through the use ofadvanced composite materials. ProfessorRiley further discussed the use of theRegional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS), a community-developed oceancomputer model, during the ongoingstudies. It was explained how, throughemploying ROMS, the researchers wereperforming high resolution, “nested”simulations of the candidate areas fortidal energy.

Professor Riley’s plenary talk contin-ued by emphasizing on two relatedaspects of the studies undertaken withinthe Center: the first was the detaileddynamics of the flow observed within theregion of interest, including the behaviorof the tides, but also secondary motionssuch as vortices generated by the head-lands, flow enhancements due to variousfeatures in the bathymetry, and thepotential for hydraulic control as currentspeeds approached the local internalinterfacial wave speed. The secondaspect comprised of various metricsused to determine the effectiveness oflocal flows for tidal energy explorationpurposes. Some of the metrics indicatedin the talk included the local kineticpower density, asymmetry in flow direc-tion, and various turbulence properties.

As reported last year, based on therequest made by the Executive Commit-tee, FMTC has had the opportunity torevisit its By-Laws, which were lastamended in 2000. The Executive Com-mittee has now completed their revisionof the FMTC 2011 draft by-laws with rel-evant addendums on the terms of office,election procedures, and other commit-tee responsibilities. The revised FMTCby-laws, together with those of the otherfive TCs and the Executive Committeehave been reformatted for consistencyacross the Division and are now awaitingendorsement and final approval from theSociety.

In the last FMTC meeting held duringIMECE 2011 in Denver, CO, discussionswere initiated by the FMTC Chair andsupported by the FED EC Chair con-cerning the introduction of additionalincentives to increase student involve-ment in FED activities. In particular,increased participation in FEDSM andmembership in the FED TCs were noted.It was also suggested that the selectionprocess for the FED Executive Commit-

tee student initiative may be formalized.The initiative entails the award of severalscholarships for graduate students toattend FEDSM events. The ExecutiveCommittee considered the FMTC recom-mendations for enhancing student par-ticipation and has recently approved theestablishment of a committee oversee-ing graduate student initiatives, underthe banner of Graduate Student SteeringCommittee (GSSC). A formal proposal,in relation to the formation of GSSC, hasbeen submitted to the Executive Com-mittee by FMTC, discussed and is cur-rently pending approval. It is expectedthat the GSSC will become operationalby the end of 2012 and an integral partof the Division by FEDSM 2013.

The next round of officer election forFMTC will be held during FEDSM 2012in Puerto Rico in July this year. Havingworked as the Chair and Vice-Chair ofthe FMTC, respectively, since August2010, Professors Javid Bayandor fromVirginia Tech, and Kamran Siddiqui fromthe University of Western Ontario willcomplete their first term in office. Nomi-nations are accepted for both positionsthrough the FMTC Chair.

In FMTC, we encourage and welcomeinvolvement and membership from allprofessional sectors, including graduatestudents, with interest in fluids engineer-ing. Our aim is to grow relevant profes-sional activities that can consequentlycontribute to the advancement of thefield. Achieving our mission so far wouldhave not been possible without the helpand selfless devotion of our member-ship, as well as the valuable technicalcontributions made by the members ofthe fluids community at large. We wouldtherefore like to renew our invitation toyou to join our Committee to help shapea bright future for a field with strongfoundations that has been at the serviceof the community for many centuries.Please feel free to come join us duringeither or both of our bi-annual commit-tee meetings at FEDSM or IMECE.

On a final note, as the Chair andVice-Chair of the Committee, it has beena great privilege and an honor for us toserve the Division and the professionalcommunity. Please contact us at bayan-dor@vt.edu (Javid Bayandor) or ksid-diqui@eng.uwo.ca (Kamran Siddiqui)with your questions or comments con-cerning FMTC. �

FED Committee Reports: (continued from page 5)

Spring 2012 7

Advisory Council

By Joel T. Park, Ph.D., Chair

The new FED Bylawshave been updated

with a more formal struc-ture of the AdvisoryCouncil. With the neworganization, the outgo-

ing member of the Executive Committeebecomes the Chair for one year. The mis-sion of the Advisory Council is to provideadvice to the Executive Committee at reg-ularly scheduled meetings of the Execu-tive Committee. The membership of theCouncil consists of former Chairs of theExecutive Committee and other seniormembers of the FED. The Council underthe new Bylaws met at IMECE2011 inDenver. A contact list of former Chairswas constructed from the ASME FED

membership list and others. The totalnumber of former Chairs was 44, who areactive members of ASME.

For IMECE2011, an invitation andagenda were sent those with an emailaddress. A number responded withregrets. More detailed responses abouttheir current activities were received fromCharles Dalton of the University of Hous-ton (Chair 1986-87) and Richard (Dick)Bajura of the University of West Virginia(1992-93). Those in attendance wereTimothy (Tim) J. O’Hern of SandiaNational Laboratory (2001-02), UrmilaGhia of the University of Cincinnati (2006-07), and Karman N. Ghia of the Universityof Cincinnati. One topic of discussion wasawards. In particular, the Fluids Engineer-ing Award should be increased. Karman isa member of the ASME Committee onHonors and can provide advice on newawards. Tim suggested continuation oftutorials and workshops at conferences,

which have been absent in recent years.In addition to advice, the Advisory

Council can support special projects. FEDhas an informal committee on the historyof FED. The committee consists of William(Bill) B. Morgan (1981-82), Paul Cooper(1985-86), and C. Samuel (Sam) Martin(1980-81). Bill wrote a review of FED his-tory in the 2010 Spring Newsletter.

With great sadness, deaths of two for-mer chairs are reported since the lastNewsletter. John William (Bill) Holl ofPennsylvania State University (1967-68)died May 25, 2011. Until his death, Billwas apparently the earliest living Chair.Clayton T. Crowe of Washington State Uni-versity (1990-91) died February 5, 2012.In one of his last activities with FED, Claywas a plenary speaker at FEDSM2009 inVail, Colorado. His address was document-ed as a full-length conference paper,ASME FEDSM2009-78093 “Carrier PhaseTurbulence in Fluid-Particle Flows.” �

FED Awards

Honors and Awards Committee

T he Honors and Awards Committeeconsists of past technical committee

chairs. The 2012 Committee membersinclude Professor Khaled J. Hammad(FMTC) of Central Connecticut StateUniversity, Professor Deborah V. Pence(MNFDTC) of Organ State University,Professor Theodore J. Heindel (FMITC)of Iowa State University, Dr. Miguel Visbal(CFDTC) of Air Force Research Labora-tory, Professor S. Balachandar (MFTC) ofUniversity of Florida, and the CommitteeChair Dr. Yu-Tai Lee (FASTC) of NavalSurface Warfare Center, Carderock Divi-sion. Detailed descriptions of the ASMESociety and FED Division Awards pre-sented by the Honors and Awards Com-mittee can be found at http://divisions.asme.org/fed/Honors_Awards.cfm. Thefollowing is a brief description of theawards offered and the 2011 recipients.

Fluids Engineering Award

T he Fluids Engineering Award is con-ferred upon an individual for out-

standing contributions over a period ofyears to the engineering profession andin particular to the field of fluids engi-neering through research, practice orteaching. The recipient of the 2011 Flu-

ids Engineering Award was Dr. John F.Foss. He is a professor in the Mechani-cal Engineering Department of MichiganState University. He obtained his doctor-ate from Purdue University in 1965. Theguiding spirit for his research has been“analytical experimentation,” in whichone seeks to identify and to utilize thebasic phenomena of the subject flowfield. This spirit is present in his 82 jour-nal and conference publications, his 13book chapters and his co-authored text-book. The direct measurement of timeresolved vorticity and using these datato infer governing phenomena is a par-ticular example of this spirit. He hasbeen a visiting professor at JHU (1970),University of Karlsruhe (1978), Universi-ty of Erlangen (1985), and University ofMelbourne (1995). He served as anassociate editor for AIAA Journal(1982–1985) and Journal of FluidsEngineering (1988–1996), an editor forthe Measurement Science & Technology,North American and SpecialFeatures/Issues (1996–present), and theprogram director for the NSF FluidDynamics and Hydraulics (1998–2000).

Robert T. Knapp Award

This award is given for the best paperpresented at the Fluids Engineering

Division sponsored sessions dealing withanalytical, numerical and laboratoryresearch. The 2010 Knapp Award waspresented to Jiarong Hong and JosephKatz for their paper entitled: “Scale-Depen-dent Energy Fluxes in a Rough-wall Turbu-lent Channel Flow,” (FEDSM ICNMM2010-30829). Jiarong Hong received his bache-lor’s degree in engineering from the Uni-versity of Science and Technology ofChina in 2005, and is currently a PhD stu-dent in mechanical engineering at JohnsHopkins University. His research includesturbulent flows over rough surfaces, spon-sored by the Office of Naval Research andthe study of marine zooplanktons usingdigital holography. Joseph Katz is theWilliam F. Ward Sr. Distinguished Professorin the Department of Mechanical Engi-neering at Johns Hopkins University. Hereceived his bachelor’s degree from TelAviv University and master’s degree andPhD from Caltech, all in mechanical engi-neering. After several years at Purdue Uni-versity, he joined Johns Hopkins Universityin 1988. He is a fellow of ASME and of theAmerican Physical Society (APS). Heserved as the technical editor of the Jour-nal of Fluids Engineering, and is currentlythe chair of the Board of Transactions Edi-tors of ASME. Katz has advised numerousgraduate students and post-docs, most of

(continued on page 8)

8 Spring 2012

FED Awards: (continued from page 7)

whom currently hold academic, industrialand government research positions aroundthe world. He has received several awardsincluding the 2004 ASME Fluids Engineer-ing Award and several best paper awards.His research focuses on experimental fluidmechanics and development of advanceddiagnostics techniques for laboratory andfield applications. His research groupshave studied laboratory and oceanicboundary layers, flows in turbomachines,flow induced vibrations, swimming behav-ior of marine plankton in the laboratoryand in the ocean, as well as cavitation,bubble and droplet dynamics. He has co-authored more than 280 journal and con-ference papers. Mike Schultz received hisPhD in ocean engineering from FloridaInstitute of Technology in 1998. For thepast 11 years, he has been a faculty mem-ber at the United States Naval Academy(USNA) in Annapolis, Maryland, where heis currently professor and program directorof Ocean Engineering. His research inter-ests include experimental fluid dynamics,turbulence, and biofouling. Schultz haspublished 40 journal papers in these areas.His research has been supported by theOffice of Naval Research since his arrivalat the USNA. In 2004, he received the R.T.Knapp Award from ASME for the mostoutstanding research paper in fluiddynamics. In 2006, he received the RaoufAward from the Division of Engineering &Weapons at USNA for teaching excellencein engineering. In the same year, hereceived the USNA Research ExcellenceAward sponsored by the Class of 1951. In2010, Schultz was awarded the USNATheodore Benac Teaching ExcellenceAward sponsored by the Class of 1951. Heis an active member the ASME, the Amer-ican Physical Society Division of FluidDynamics, and is a registered professionalengineer. Mike has also served on the edi-torial board of Biofouling since 2002.

Lewis F. Moody Award

T he Lewis F. Moody Award is given forthe best paper presented at the Fluids

Engineering Division sponsored sessionsdealing with a topic useful in mechanicalengineering practice. The 2010 MoodyAward was presented to Benjamin H.Timmins, Barton Smith and Pavlos P. Vla-chos for their paper entitled “AutomaticParticle Image Velocimetry UncertaintyQuantification ,” (FEDSM-ICNMM2010-30724). Benjamin Timmins was a stu-dent at Utah State University (USU) and

graduated with a B.S. and M.S. inmechanical engineering and minors inmathematics and chemistry in May 2011.Timmins began researching as a junior inthe Experimental Fluid Dynamics Labora-tory (EFDL) at USU under the directionof Dr. Barton Smith. At the EFDL, Tim-mins has worked on aerodynamic vector-ing particle sorting and automatic estima-tion of uncertainty for PIV. Having com-pleted his master’s work, Timmins is cur-rently researching photothermal methodsfor the measurement of material thermalproperties in the Thermal/Fluids Labora-tory (TFL) at USU under the direction ofDr. Heng Ban. Timmins has receivednumerous awards and scholarships fromUSU and the mechanical engineeringdepartment including Outstanding Mas-ter’s Researcher, Academic Excellence,and an Undergraduate Research and Cre-ative Opportunities Grant. In addition toacademics and research, Timmins servedas the chapter president of the engineer-ing honor society, Tau Beta Pi, and volun-teers with Rocky Mountain Hospice. Cur-rently working at the TFL, Timmins isapplying to medical school in hopes ofbeginning in August 2012.

Barton Smith received a BSME fromMichigan State University in 1990. Hespent the following two years working onnuclear safety for Westinghouse in Pitts-burgh. He received an MSME from Geor-gia Institute of Technology in 1995. Smithperformed the seminal work on syntheticjets for his PhD dissertation from GeorgiaTech and graduated in 1999. He workedon oscillating flow in support of thermoa-coustics at Los Alamos National Labora-tory from 2000–2002. He then joined thefaculty of Utah State University as anassistant professor and was promoted toassociate professor in 2007. Pavlos Vla-chos received his BS in mechanical engi-neering from the National Technical Uni-versity of Athens, Greece, (1995) and hisMS (1998) and PhD (2000) in engineeringmechanics from Virginia Tech. He joinedthe Department of Mechanical Engineer-ing at Virginia Tech as assistant professorin 2003 and he was promoted to associ-ate in 2007. He is a member of the Vir-ginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Bio-medical Engineering and Sciences and heholds affiliate appointments with the WakeForest School of Medicine and the VirginiaTech Department of Engineering Scienceand Mechanics. He has established anddirects the Advanced Experimental Ther-mofluids Research Laboratory. Pavlos Vla-

chos’ research interests extend from tradi-tional experimental fluid mechanics andmeasurement science, to biomedical engi-neering and biological flows.

Sankaraiyer Gopalakrishnan—Flowserve Pump Technology Award

T he Award was established in July2006, with funding generously pro-

vided by the Flowserve Corporation, inhonor of the late Dr. SankaraiyerGopalakrishnan, “Gopal”. The award ispresented biennially in recognition ofoutstanding achievement in pump tech-nology, documented through publica-tions and testimonials of peers andcoworkers and in keeping with Gopal’sdedication to the education of the nextgeneration of expert pump engineers.

Fluids Machinery Design Award

T he Award, presented biennially, hon-ors excellence in the design of fluid

machinery involving significant fluidmechanics principles, which benefitsmankind as exemplified by product usewithin the past decade.

Freeman Scholar Award

T he Freeman Scholar Award is givenevery two years to an eminent con-

tributor to Fluids Engineering. The Com-mittee selects, based on proposal pack-ets, an expert in an area of current inter-est who is expected to deliver the Free-man Scholar Lecture during the summermeeting and who will write an extensivereview paper that is published in theJournal of Fluids Engineering. The 2012members of the Freeman Scholar Awardcommittee are Stathis Michaelides of theTexas Christian University, Tim O’Hern ofSandia National Laboratories, and DaveStock of Washington State University(chair). The 2012 recipient of the Free-man Scholar Award is Professor PratapVanka of the University of Illinois,Urbana-Champaign for the paper “Com-putational Fluid Dynamics on GraphicalProcessing Units”.

The Freeman Scholar Award is biennialand is awarded in even years. Proposalsfor the 2014 competition will be due onSeptember 2, 2013. More details may befound at: http://www.asme.org/about-asme/hold2/about-asme/honors-awards/freeman-scholar-award. �

Spring 2012 9

Introduction

The breakup and atomization of jetshas been of direct importance to the

agricultural, chemical, food, fire protec-tion, and energy-production industries.The self-sustaining unsteady nature of athree-stream injector has received sur-prisingly little attention in the open liter-ature even thoughits spray pattern islinked to the energy content of its pul-satile flow. The foundation of the workhere is that of Strasser (2010) in whichvarious ratios of gas and liquid feedswere considered with the aim first tocharacterize and then to optimize theoperation of a pulsatile injector. Thethree streams are designated as innergas (IG), outer gas (OG) and an inter-mediate liquid as shown in Fig. 1. Alsoshown is LRI, the inner retraction length,γ, the outer stream meeting angle, andDO, the outer diameter. The tuning of thevarious interfacial driving frequenciescreates pervasive gas submergenceswith five types of pulsation eventsat typ-ical response frequencies of 200 Hz orits multiples. Depending on the relativeamount of inner air flow, there seem tobe three overall flow regimes.Some-where near M>0.2 appears to be thetransition point, and it shows the largestfluctuations in feed pressures along withchanges in the spray pattern.LaterStrasser (2011) highlighted interestinggeometric effects using the same com-putational methodology. It was foundthat inner nozzle retraction has thelargest effect on spray pattern and

unsteadiness, and trends related toretraction found in the open literaturewere replicated. All but the highestretracted case exhibited frequencies thatwere multiples of approximately 200 Hz.In addition, there was a strong couplingbetween angle and retraction. The time-averaged spray profiles are generally tri-modal in shape and were focused or dif-fused by the geometric permutations.

The aim of the present work, howev-er, is to explore the effect of geometricpermutations under different injectionconditions. Specifically, the gases arechanged, and their densities are dramat-ically increased. Also, the liquid is con-verted to slurry with a much higher andnon-Newtonian viscosity, along with alower surface tension. The effect of vis-cosity and surface tension for non-New-tonian fluids on Sauter mean diameter(SMD) has been explored by Aliseda etal. (2008), although their work involveda steady-state two-stream injector sys-tem at a much smaller scale and amuch higher M. They found that thatinstability wavelength was substantiallyaffected by higher viscosities. Asexpected, higher viscosities hindered thegrowth of instabilities resulting in largerdroplets, but only when viscosity waswell above ten times that of water. Infact, there was an extremely pronouncedcoupling effect of surface tension andviscosity. They proposed that the lowersurface tension of the non-Newtoniansolutions (about one third that of water)prevented their SMD values from beingorders of magnitude larger than that ofwater, instead of just two to three timesits value.

Computational Method

The compressible, geometric recon-struction VOF method, validation, turbu-lence modeling, multiphase approach,numerics, and convergenceare detailedcarefully in Strasser (2010). As with anytransient numerical simulation, issuessurrounding time-averaging the resultsare critical to the quality of the results. Atotal of thirteen (13) runswere carriedout and provide nine geometry compar-isonsshown in Table 1. In addition, priorwork air/water equivalent model (AWE)

models are discussed where helpful.Each run took weeks on 4 CPUs.Approximately 14,000 CPU-hours wereinvolved with this work even thougheverything here involves 2D RANS mod-eling.The case numbers shown in Table1 are based on a similar geometry-based numbering system shown inStrasser 2011. The walls of the injectorhave a much higher temperature (typi-cally > 500°C, but is a function of posi-tion) than in the prior AW work. Table 2summarizes the cases studied in thepresent work.

The flow rates of the three streamsare dictated by the production needs ofa very large scale commercial industrialunit. Based on internal testing anddimensional analysis, it is expected thatthe droplet production processes are ina similar regime between the prior AWwork and the current slurry/high-densitygas (SH) work. Yet another case is con-

Pulsatile Non-Newtonian Flow in a Three-Stream Coaxial Airblast InjectorWayne Strasser

Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN, USA Member, Fluids Engineering Division

Fig.1: Three-Stream coaxial airblast injec-tor mesh

Table 1: Injector geometric permutations considered in the present work

Table 2: Matrix of cases studied here

(continued on page 10)

10 Spring 2012

sideredhere in which the IG is modulatedat 850 Hz and with a mass flow variationof +/- 50% in a sinusoidal fashion.Notice that geometries 8 – 11 (cases J – M) were studied using Fluent 12.1.2(due solely to project timing issues), socase B was ran for the purpose of hav-ing a direct solver comparison.

Results

Prior works employ a video analysistechnique involving automatic frame-by-frame analysis using a program calledLabview, in which frame measurementswere used to assess the spray character.For that system, the spray pulsed opennear the outlet of the injector (Figure 2,top), so the analysis program parameterswere based on ligament production nearthe outlet. For this slurry and high-pres-sure gas system (Figure 2, bottom), how-ever, the spray does not appear to burstclose to the outlet, or produce nearly asmany discernible droplets, for any of thegeometries or conditions studied.

As a result, a new program was cre-ated, in which spray “diameters” will beconsidered. (This is simply a way ofestimating the spreading rate of thebursts, and spray “diameter” should notbe confused with any droplet scalemeasurement.) Presumably, a wider

spray would produce smallerdroplets. The first diameter is measured at a distance of about 25% of DOwhile the second at about DOfrom the nozzle outlet. For each diameter, there is an inner (inside edge of the ligaments/droplets) and anouter (outside edge of the ligaments/droplets) as shown in Figure 3.Since we are working in an axisymmetricframework at this stage, alldroplets are actually tori, whichis why the focus of the various dataanalysis efforts is, and has been, on ligaments.

FFT analyses were carried out on thetransient diameter results from Lab-viewusing Matlab as provided in Table 3.To prevent Matlab from “padding” thedata sets with zeros, the largest samplesize (in powers of 2) available in theCFD results was used for each set TheCoefficient of Variation (COV), which issimply the standard deviation divided bythe mean multiplied by 100, is a meas-ure of the fluctuation energy. In allcases, “Tone” refers to the dominant(not necessarily the fundamental)response frequency, while “Magnitude”(the FFT amplitude squared) indicateshow focused the frequency spectrum isat the dominant tone. All diametermeans are normalized by DO. A numberof interesting findings precipitate fromthe analysis of these diameters. Primari-ly, the base geometry under typical con-ditions shows a dominant tone of around850, which is why the modulation case“C” uses this driving frequency. It canalso be concluded that Fluent 13SP2 is

similar to 12.1.2 for this analysis. Modu-lation producesa mildly increased ID1and OD1 COV, but not much of a diam-eter change. As will be seen later, theinner gas pressure response is astound-ingly different, which implies that thepressure response alone cannot be usedto predict spray differences.

At low flow conditions (all but casesD and F), a few cases stand out. First, Hshows the highest OD means, whichimplies the geometry 5 (flushed and lowangle) produces the widest spray. Next,E (flushed with normal angle) had thehighest ID1 mean, while ID2 showed afairly flat response among the cases.Higher diameters and higher gaps tend-ed to lower the ID2. As in previous work,there is a strong retraction-angle cou-pling effect. COV results appear to bemixed, with some higher and lower thanthe base case.Cases E and G tend tohave the highest COVs of the group,which is especially interesting given thatthey represent the two retractionextrema. J appears to have an unusuallyhigh OD1 tone. In terms of spectralmagnitude, I and J are the highest forID1, E and I are the highest for ID2, H is

Pulsatile Non-Newtonian Flow in a Three-Stream Coaxial Airblast Injector (continued from page 9)

Fig.2: Typical uncorrelated instantaneous liquid volume fraction contours from prior work (“AW”) andcurrent work (“Slurry”)

Table 3: All video analysis results

Fig.3: Spray “diameters” considered in the currentwork.

(continued on page 11)

Spring 2012 11

the highest for OD1, and E is the highestfor OD2. In short, retraction, angle, andthe various diameters have influence onthe diameter spectrum, but not themeans.The increase in inner gas flowhas a mixed effect on the diameter met-rics. For the base case geometry, raisingthe flow seems to raise only the OD2mean, while raising most COVs anddominant tones. ID2 actually fell. The IDmagnitudes fell, while the OD magni-tudes were both increased. For geome-try 2, almost all diameters increasedwith increasing flow. The COVs weremixed, and most tones increased. Allbut one magnitude increased.FFT analy-ses were also carried out on the IG/OGpressure drop values from CFD usingMatlab, and many other conclusions canbe drawn from that work; however, thatis beyond the scope of this document.

Conclusions

A computational program has beenexecuted to characterize the flow field pro-duced by a three-stream airblast reactorinjector with various geometric configura-tions, flow rates, and flowing materials.Compressible, geometric reconstructionVOF-based CFD models, requiring weeksof run time each on multiple CPUs, areutilized for statistical comparisons of pres-sures and spray shape metrics. Approxi-mately 14,000 CPU-hours were investedin the 2D RANS effort. This work followsprior efforts by Strasser (2010) andStrasser (2011), in which the effects ofstream flow combinations and flow geom-etry were considered. The focus of theresearch program has shifted from study-ing air/water (AW) to studying slurry/high-density gas (SH). No other VOF-basedairblast nozzle study has been found docu-mented in the open literature. In addition

to geometric and material changes, someCFD solver effects were considered. Thefollowing can be concluded:

• The flow patterns and pressureresponses typically differ significantlybetween the current SH work and theair/water equivalent (AWE) counter-parts. The base geometry spray pro-files at the higher flows were similar,but no other metrics tended to lineup. In some cases, the shifts in someSH metrics were the directional oppo-site of the AWE counterparts. More-over, the CFD contour plots and spraypatterns look nothing alike.

• Retraction and angle played the mostsignificant role in the spray and pres-sure responses among the cases test-ed. Not only do they affect mostmeasures significantly, but they affectthe directions in the responses ofsome metrics to changes in flow rate.The two flushed cases had the highestrecorded spray diameters for bothflow rates tested. At the lower innergas flow, a flushed design has a widerspray with a highly pronounced tri-modal character. Higher inner gasflow tends to somewhat diffuse thedifferences.

• Increasing the inner gas flow, in gen-eral, increased the spray diametermeans and temporal variation; how-ever, the pressure COVs typically fell.

• The changes in the spray pattern withincreasing inner gas flow dependedon the geometry. The base geometryshowed an increased spray angle withinner gas flow, while the flushedgeometry showed a slight decrease.

• Modulation of the inner gas at itsdominant tone with a mass flow varia-tion of +/- 50% did not seem to affectmany metrics for the water or slurry

systems, except that the inner gaspulsation tended to tune-up for theslurry case.

• Except for the flushed and retractedcases, the diameter FFTs showedsimilar tones (or multiples of) as thepressure FFTs, indicating that themechanisms driving each are similar.

• Intermediate pressure signals weresampled near the pre-filming zone.They were found to be typically more variable and have a morefocused spectrum and the inlet values. Interestingly, the AWE innergas shows the opposite trend as theSH case inner gas.

• Fluent 13SP2 produces results similarto those in version 12.1.2 for the met-rics tested. Pressure various appearsto be greater for the former.

REFERENCES

Kim, B., Heister, S., and Collicott, S.,2005. Three-dimensional flow simulations in the recessed region of a coaxial injector. Journal ofPropulsion and Power 21, 728–742.

Strasser, W., 2010. Towards the optimization of a pulsatile three-stream coaxial airblast injector. International Journal of MultiphaseFlow37, 831–844.

Strasser, W., 2011.Continuing Towardsthe Optimization of a Pulsatile Three-Stream Coaxial Airblast Injector.ASME Paper No.IMECE2011-63823.

Aliseda, A., Hopfinger, E., Lasheras, J.,Kremer, D., Berchiellei, A., and Connolly, E., 2008. Atomization ofviscous and non-Newtonian liquids by a coaxial, high-speed gas jet.Experiments and droplet size modeling. Journal of Multiphase Flow 34, 161–175. �

Pulsatile Non-Newtonian Flow in a Three-Stream Coaxial Airblast Injector (continued from page 10)

THE 2012 IMECE will be held in Houston, Texas from November 9-15. Track 7 is co-organized between the HeatTransfer Division representative, Prof. S.A. Sherif, and the FED representative, Prof. F. Battaglia. Over 900

abstracts were received and approximately one-third of the abstracts were submitted to FED symposia and fora, withmany authors from Asia and Europe. The 2013 FEDSM will be held in Lake Tahoe, Nevada from July 7-11 and Prof.Battaglia is the conference chair. Further details will be provided during the summer meeting in Puerto Rico. �

Francine BattagliaFED Secretary

IMECE2012

12 Spring 2012

Fellows Recognition Reception

Fluids Engineering Div. Reception

(continued on page 10)

Joel Park (NavelSurface WarfareCenter) and ASME PresidentVictoria Rockwell

Past ASME Presidents RichardGoldstein andRichard Rosenberg

ASME PresidentVictoria Rockwelland Ted Heindel(Iowa State U.)

Photographs from IMECE2011 in Denver, Colorado, USA

Not pictured but present at the Fellows Recognition Reception:Jinkook Lee (Eaton Aerospace)

Mo Hosni (Kansas State U.)receiving serviceaward as FEDChair 2010–11from Dave Halt

Presentation ofASME Fellow Certificate to Joel Park (Naval Surface Warfare Center) by Judith Bamberger (Pacific NW Lab.)Reception Master of Ceremonies:

Dave Halt (PAX and FED Chair)

Third Place: Ming-Jung Park(Inha U., ROK)

First Place: Joel Hartenberger(Valparaiso U.)

Honorable Mention:Harish Ganapathy(U. of Maryland)

Honorable Mention:Lori Halvorson(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute)

Spring 2012 13

Young Engineer Paper Contest AwardsPresentations by Terry Beck (Kansas State University)

Photographs from IMECE2011 in Denver, Colorado, USA (continued from page 12)

Judith Bamberger (Pacific NW Lab.) and Karman and Urmila Ghia (U. of Cincinnati)

Ki-Won Lim (Korea Research Institute of Stan-dards and Science), Joel Park, and Judith Bamberger

IMECE2011 Track Organizer: Jinkook Lee (Eaton Aerospace)

recognizing individual contributions by FED members to the conference

Second Place – Not pictured: Derek Endres (Ohio State U.)

14 Spring 2012

THE ASME Fluids Engineering Division (FED) spon-sored the Young Engineer Paper (YEP) Contest for the

2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress &Exposition (IMECE), November 11–17, 2011, at Denver,Colorado. There was a record number (over 50) ofabstract submissions, and a total of 27 full papers wereentered in the contest. A total of 5 finalist papers wereselected for presentation in the YEP Contest Session, andto compete in the final phase of the contest. The papersand finalist presentations were subsequently judged by areview panel. The winners of the 2011 YEP Contest com-petition, announced at the IMECE FED evening recep-tion, were as follows:1st Place: Paper# IMECE2011-66278, “Experimental

Investigation of Selective Withdrawal andLight Layer Entrainment of Stratified Immisci-ble Liquids,” presented by Joel Hartenberger,Dept. of Mech. Eng., Valparaiso University

2nd Place: Paper# IMECE2011-65925, “Numerical Inves-tigation of Pulsed Chemical Vapor Depositionof Aluminum Nitride to Reduce Particle For-mation,” presented by Derek Endres, Dept. ofMech. & Aero. Eng., Ohio State University

3rd Place: Paper# IMECE2011-65942, “Optimization ofSki Jumper’s Posture Considering Liftto-DragRatio and Aerodynamic Stability in Pitch,”presented by Min-Jung Park (Co-authors: Ki-Don Lee & Kwang-Yong Kim), Dept. ofMech. Eng., Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Honorable Mention Finalist Papers:Paper# IMECE2011-66275, “Analyzing Com-pression and Buoyancy in Technical Swim-ming Suits,” presented by Lori M. Halvorson,Dept. of Mech. Eng., Rensselaer PolytechnicInstitutePaper# IMECE2011-66279, “Phase FieldMethod for Simulation of Multiphase Flow,”presented by Harish Ganapathy (Co-Authors:Ebrahim Al-Hajri, Michael M. Ohadi), Dept. ofMech. Eng., University of Maryland

The ASME Fluids Engineering Division (FED) is againsponsoring the Young Engineer Paper (YEP) Contest forthe 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress& Exposition (IMECE), this coming November 9 –November 15, 2012, in Houston, Texas.

This contest may be entered by undergraduate stu-dents, recent baccalaureate engineers (i.e. graduationafter April 2011), and beginning graduate students (i.e.start of graduate studies after April 2011). Contest par-ticipants should submit a 500-word abstract describingtheir fluids engineering research paper. This paper couldbe the result of a project completed either at a university

or in industry. Based on the abstract, contestants will beinvited to submit a full-length (approximately 6000-word) paper. These papers will be reviewed by the FEDYoung Engineer Paper Contest Committee. The authorsof up to five of the best papers will be selected as final-ists. Based on the recommendations of the reviewers,finalists will revise their papers to match ASME publica-tion guidelines. The revised finalized papers will be pub-lished in the conference proceedings.

Those selected as finalists will be invited to presenttheir papers at a special session held at the IMECE Con-ference where selection will be made for the followingawards: First Place $500, Second Place $300, ThirdPlace $200, and all other papers will receive $100 forbeing selected as a finalist. In addition, conference regis-tration will be waived for the presenting author for eachpaper and travel expenses will be provided up to $750per paper to help defray costs of attending IMECE 2012.All finalist papers will receive certificates acknowledgingthe First Place, Second Place, and Third Place awardwinners, as well as Honorable Mentions for the remainingFinalist participants.

Hurry, you still have time to submit an abstract for thisyears competition!

Schedule:Abstract submittal—March 26, 2012Author Notification of Abstract Acceptance—March 26,

2012 Extended April 13, 2012Draft paper submittal—May 25, 2012Contest Finalist Selection Notification—July 9, 2012Submission Required Copyright Form (1903) for

Publication*—August 17, 2012Submission of Revised Draft Paper*—July 30, 2012Submission of Final Paper*—August 20, 2012 *Final papers and forms MUST be received by ASME onAugust 20, 2012 for inclusion in the conference proceedings.Publication in the conference proceedings is not guaranteed ifmaterials are received after this date.

Please visit the IMECE 2012 home pagehttps://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress2012/, clickon the Submit Abstract link on the left side of the pagein the dark blue navigation bar area and follow the stepby step instructions. The YEP Contest is located in Track7-14. If the web links are not accessible, you may alsosubmit your abstract directly to:

Dr. Terry Beck3002 Rathbone HallDepartment of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan, KS 66506-5205 Tel: 785-532-2604, Fax: 785-532-7057 Email: tbeck@ksu.edu

FED Young Engineer Paper Contest

Spring 2012 15

IMECE2011 Track 11 (Fluids & ThermalSystems)

By Jinkook Lee, Ph.D.,Vice Chair of FED,IMECE2011 FED Representative andTrack 11 Chair, andJoint Conference Chair of 2012 ASMEHeat Transfer, Fluids Engineering,and Nanochannels,

Microchannels, and Minichannels Conferences (HTFNMM2012)

A SME 2011 International MechanicalEngineering Congress & Exhibition

(IMECE2011) was held at HyattRegency Hotel & Convention Center inDenver, Colorado from November 11 toNovember 17, 2011.

Total of fourteen topics were organ-ized for Track 11 by FED and 164 finalpapers were presented.

The list of topics, lead organizers, andnumbers of final papers as follows:

• 11-1 Wind Turbines: Aerodynamicsand Control, Prof. JaikrishnanKadambi, Case Western Reserve Uni-versity, 9 final papers.

• 11-2 20th Symposium on IndustrialFlows, Dr. Wayne Strasser, EastmanChemical Company, 21 final papers.

• 11-3 Forum on CFD Applications forOptimization and Controls, Prof. Z.Charlie Zheng, University of Kansas,26 final papers.

• 11-4 Microfluidics 2011: Fluid Engi-neering in Micro- and Nanosystems,Prof. Chang-Hwan Choi, StevensInstitute of Technology, 26 finalpapers.

• 11-5 Noninvasive Measurements inSingle and Multiphase Flows, Dr.Bahram Khalighi, General MotorsR&D Center, 4 final papers.

• 11-6 Fluid Measurements and Instru-mentation, Ms. Judith Bamberger,Pacific Northwest National Laborato-ry, 18 final papers.

• 11-7 7th Forum on Recent Develop-ments in Multiphase Flow, Dr. Mal-colm Andrews, Los Alamos Nationallaboratory, 14 final papers.

• 11-8 12th Symposium on Advancesin Materials Processing Science andManufacturing, Prof. Dennis Siginer,Petroleum Institute, U.A.E., 5 finalpapers.

• 11-9 9th Symposium on Electric,Magnetic & Thermal Phenomena inMicro and Nano-Scale Systems, Prof.Dennis Siginer, Petroleum Institute,U.A.E., 6 final papers.

• 11-10 18th Symposium on FluidMechanics and Rheology of NonlinearMaterials and Complex Fluids, Prof.Dennis Siginer, Petroleum Institute,U.A.E., 18 final papers.

• 11-11 10th Symposium on Funda-mental Issues and Perspectives inFluid Mechanics, Prof. FrancineBattaglia, Virginia Polytechnic Insti-tute and State University, 12 finalpapers.

• 11-13 Panels on Fluid MeasurementUncertainty.

• 11-14 Young Engineer Paper (YEP)Contest. 5 final papers.

• 11-15 Panel on CFD/EFD (Experi-mental Fluid Dynamics) Choice -Dilemma for Industries. �

L ocation and Time: The 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting will be held as a Joint Conference with ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference, the Fluids Engineering Division Summer

Meeting, and the International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and Minichannels at theWyndham Rio Mar Beach Resort in Puerto Rico from July 8 to July 12, 2012.

C onference Description: This conference will bring together international researchers and engineersfocusing on heat and mass transfer and fluid flow in a variety of applications. The objectives of the

meeting are to provide a forum for presentation of state-of-art research and opportunities for technicalinteractions among participants.

C onference Topics: There are total of 29 Tracks organized in the FEDSM2012. Contributions are beingsolicited on fundamental research and applications related to heat and mass transfer and fluid

mechanics from large-scale to nano-scale. Conference topics include applications in the areas of energysystems, combustion, aerospace, gas turbines, electronic equipment, biotech, manufacturing, environ-ment, multiphase flows, and nano-, micro-, and mini-channels. Theoretical, fundamental measurements,flow visualization, and computational heat transfer and fluid dynamics are also welcomed.

2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting

Website: http://www.asmeconferences.org/FEDSM2012/

16 Spring 2012

Honors and Awards

Dave Halt and Jim Riley (U. of Washington)

Moody Paper Award: Yu-Tai Lee andJohn Charonko (Virginia Tech,

accepting for the authors)Fluids Engineering Award: Yu-Tai Lee

and John Foss (U. of Michigan)

John Foss (U. of Michigan) and Yu-Tai Lee

Plenary Speakers

Photographs from FEDSM2011/AJK2011 in Hamamatsu, Japan

Knapp Paper Award: Yu-Tai Lee and Joe Katz

(Johns Hopkins U.)

JFE Associate Editor Award: Mo Hosni and Ted Heindel

(Iowa State U.)

Outgoing Executive CommitteeMember and New ASME Fellow: Joel Park (Naval Surface Warfare

Center) and Mo Hosni

New ASME Fellow: Jinkook Lee(Eaton Aerospace) and Mo Hosni

(continued on page 17)

Spring 2012 17

2010-2011 Executive CommitteeJinkook Lee, Dave Halt, Bahram Khalighi (Member 2011-12), Mo Hosni, and Joel Park

(Francine Battaglia, Member 2010-11 not present)

Informal Photographs

Photographs from FEDSM2011/AJK2011 in Hamamatsu, Japan (continued from page 16)

Takayuki Mori (Japanese Ministry ofDefense) and Joel Park

Joel Park and Jiunn-Haur Shaw (Cen-ter for Measurement Standards, ROC)

Hua Yang (Yangzhou U., PRC), Joel Park, and Chao Liu

(Yangzhou U., PRC)

Keith Walters and Nicole Poe (Mississippi State U.) at

Hamamatsu Train Station

Bahram Khalighi (General Motors), Joel Park,Judith Bamberger (Pacific NW Lab.), and

Bruce Napier (Judith’s husband)

Malcolm Andrews (Los Alamos) and familywith Mo Hosni