4-*Product-Flow CharacteristicsTypes of Product Flow

Line FlowBatch FlowProject FlowCharacteristics of Flows

Line Flow

paintdrillbend

Task or work stationProduct flowcut

Batch Flow CutPaint

Task or work stationProduct flowsBendDrillBatchABatchBBatchC

Classification by Type of Customer OrderMake to Stock (MTS)Make to Order (MTO)Assemble to Order (ATO)

Process Selection DecisionsProcess characteristics matrix

Factors affecting process choice

Factors Affecting Process ChoiceMarket conditions and competitionCapital requirementsLabor supply and costState of technology

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Process Manufacturing System- A Layout in a Cement PlantCrusherLimestoneHopper 1Feeder 1Hopper 2Feeder 2Hopper 3Feeder 3Hopper 4FeederDispatch SiloCement MillIron OneClayGympsumRaw MillBlending SiloFiring KilnHopper 5Feeder

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Types of ProcessesConversion (ex. Iron to steel)Fabrication (ex. Cloth to clothes) Assembly (ex. Parts to components)Testing (ex. For quality of products)

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Process Flow StructuresJob shop (Ex. Tailoring Shop )Batch shop (Ex. Garment Manufacturer / Pharmaceutical Products)Assembly Line (ex. Automobile manufacturer)Continuous Flow (ex. Petroleum Products manufacturer)

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Manufacturing Process Flow Design

A process flow design can be defined as a mapping of the specific processes that raw materials, parts, and subassemblies follow as they move through a plantThe most common tools to conduct a process flow design include assembly drawings, assembly charts, and operation and route sheets

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Example: Assembly Chart (Gozinto)From Exhibit 5.14

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