Ch6 Migration
-
Upload
jespi -
Category
Real Estate
-
view
4.256 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Ch6 Migration
Chapter 6“Where and Why People Move”
Migration• The long-term relocation of an individual,
household, or larger group to a new locale outside the community of origin.
Immigration/Emigration
Internal migration
Guatemala
Ravenstein’s Migration Laws1870’s -1880’s
• Most migrants go only a short distance. (gravity law)• Longer-distance migration favors big-city destinations.• Most migration proceeds step by step.• Most migration is rural to urban.• Each migration flow creates a counter-flow.• Most migrants are adults--families are less likely to
make international moves • Most international migrants are young males.
The Gravity Model and Migration
Catalysts of migration
• Economic conditions
% of World GNP compared to % of World Population
Catalysts of migration• Political circumstances
Haiti Mariel Boatlift
Idi Amin/Uganda
Catalysts of migration• Armed conflict and civil war
Guatemalans
Vietnamese
Rwandans
Bosnians
Catalysts of migration• Environmental conditions
Irish Population 1872
The Irish Potato Famine
Catalysts of migration• Environmental conditions
Catalysts of migration• Environmental conditions
Catalysts of migration• Culture and Traditions
Pakistan--Post-Partition migration
Russian Jews arriving in Israel
The Mormon Trek
Catalysts of migration• Technological Advances
Railroad land grantsHomestead Act Poster
Catalysts of migration• Technological Advances
Catalysts of migration• Technological Advances
Catalysts of migration
• Flow of information
Little Haiti
Turkish guest workers
Chain migration
Catalysts of migration
Catalysts of migration
• “Push” Factors are events or conditions that impel an individual to move from a location.
• “Pull” Factors are forces of attraction that influence migrants to move to a particular location.
• Most decisions to migrate are a combination of push and pull factors.
• Distance decay--most moves are to closer and more familiar locations
• Step migration--an eventual long-distance migration is undertaken in stages--farm to village to small town to city.
Catalysts of migration
• Intervening opportunity--closer opportunities will reduce the attractiveness of interaction with more distant--even slightly better--alternatives.
Catalysts of migration
Voluntary Migration
• Voluntary migration has an element of choice based on some percieved opportunity.
Forced Migration
• In forced migration, the element of choice is removed.
Trail of Tears
Slave Trade
Counter migration
• …or return migration…is the return of migrants to the regions from which they earlier emigrated.
• Every migration flow generates some counter-migration
Types of MovementCyclic Movement
• Activity Space--daily movement such as commuting
• Seasonal movement--snowbirds, agricultural workers
• Pastoral nomadism--a group moves with its livestock in search of forage. This is controlled movement (not random).
Activity Space
Types of MovementPeriodic Movement
• College students
• Military service
• Migrant labor
• Transhumance--winter and summer pasturing
The Migration Process
• Influence of British colonialism
The Migration Process
• The Chinese Diaspora
External and Internal Migration• Historical pattern of migration to the US
External and Internal Migration
• Internal migration patterns in the United States
Migration and Dislocation:The Refugee Problem
• What is a “refugee?”
• International/Intranational Refugees
• Permanent/Temporary Refugees