Ch. 18 - Acids & Bases. electrolytes electrolytes turn litmus red sour taste react with metals...
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Transcript of Ch. 18 - Acids & Bases. electrolytes electrolytes turn litmus red sour taste react with metals...
Ch. 18 - Acids & Bases
electrolytes electrolytes
turn litmus red
sour taste
react with metals to form H2 gas
slippery feel
turn litmus blue
bitter taste
ChemASAP
vinegar, milk, soda, apples, citrus fruits
ammonia, lye, antacid, baking soda
ArrheniusArrhenius - In aqueous solution… - In aqueous solution…
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl– •AcidsAcids form hydronium ions (H3O+)
H
HH H H
H
Cl ClO O–+
acid
ArrheniusArrhenius - In aqueous solution… - In aqueous solution…
•BasesBases form hydroxide ions (OH-)
NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH-
H
H
HH H
H
N NO O–+
HH
H H
base
Strong Acid/BaseStrong Acid/Base 100% ionized in water strong electrolyte - +
HClHNO3
H2SO4
HBrHIHClO4
NaOHKOHCa(OH)2
Ba(OH)2
Weak Acid/BaseWeak Acid/Base• does not ionize completely• weak electrolyte
- +
HFCH3COOH
H3PO4
H2CO3
HCN
NH3