Ch 13 Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
Transcript of Ch 13 Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
CHAPTER 13Korea, Vietnam, & Japan
VIETNAM
Invaded and occupied by Han Fiercely resisted Tangs, but succumbed
Rebelled sporadically Under Chinese control
Absorbed Chinese culture and technology Adopted Chinese agricultural methods and
irrigation systems Studied Confucian texts Mimicked Chinese administration Traded with Chinese Resented Chinese dominance, when Tang fell,
they won their independence
CHINESE IMPACT ON VIETNAM
Vietnamese model the Chinese administrative system and bureaucracy
Buddhism enters Vietnam (from both India and China)
JAPAN
Isolated Develop separate language from Chinese Shintoism – animistic religion, emphasizes
nature and spirits Interaction with China?
Tang never conquer them, but trade exists and Japanese emissaries visit China One of the Japanese clans actually models their court
off of the Tang’s
Mid 8th century Confucianism and Buddhism are established in Japan
Early capitals at Nara and Kyoto Fujiwara family – controlled power and
protected the emperor Emperor belonged to a family who was
believed to have ruled Japan since the beginning of time Even in turmoil, royal families/parties/factions
are thrown out, but the imperial house survived
HEIAN ERA
794 – 1185 Fujiwara family, power behind the throne at the
time Really liked Confucian learning and Chinese
classics, painting, poetry, interior decoration, etc
The Tale of Genji – written by a noblewoman!, Murasaki Shikibu Provides insight to the lives of the nobility Told by a lady-in-waiting Education of women wasn’t encouraged, but the
Fijuwara court prided itself on the sophistication of this piece, especially as it was written by a womana
GOVERNMENT
Fujiwara liked cultural pursuits Entrusted local gov’t issues and taxes to their
warriors Problem? Yes.
2 warrior families – Taira and Minamoto struggle Minamoto emerges 1185
Leader of Minamoto clan appoints a clan leader, the shogun
Shogun – military governor who rules in place of the emperor (near Tokyo, emperor still in Kyoto)
Minamoto dominate for the next 400 yrs
JAPANESE FEUDALISM
Bakufu (“tent”) – military gov’t, established by the Minamoto, lasts til 16th cent.
Feudal system develops Regional lords wield power and authority,
compete against each other for power Samurai – professional warriors Bushido – “the way of the warrior” (code of
conduct)
JAPANESE VERSUS EUROPEAN FEUDALISM
Western Europe has more written contracts, everything was negotiated, benefits outlined, loyalties, etc
Japanese rely on group and individual loyalties, agreed on by honor
Samurai granted land from the lords, but didn’t own it
Knights receive land, and could even become lords later in life In Japanese culture, the social division remains
clear
KOREA
Early civilization 2333 BCE Han had a colony in Korea
108 BCE – 313 CE Three Kingdom Period
Koguryo 37 BCE Paekche 18 BCE Silla 57 BCE
Unified Silla Dynasty 668 - 935 Koryo Dynasty 918-1392 Chosun (Yi) Dynasty 1392-
1910
Buddhism enters Korea around 372 CE Confucian school is founded in Koguryo
7th century, Tang armies conquer much of the peninsula (Silla preserve their capital)
Compromise: Chinese forces withdraw from Korea if the Silla king recognizes the Tang emperor as his overlord (become a tributary state)
Kingdom of Silla unifies by 668 CE (with Chinese help) by overcoming the Paekche, then the Koguryo
Regularly deliver gifts to Chinese emperors
Still have a great deal of independence
Opens the door for Korean merchants to trade in China
Silk Road runs all the way to Kyongju, the Silla capital
THE SILLA KINGDOM Celadon Korean woodblocks
Tripitaka Koreana 1087 1232 1398 - Haeinsa
Chikchi – 13th c. moveable type
SILK ROAD INTERACTION
All the way to Korea Cultural diffusion
evidence? btw… last stop
Kyongju
Cultural diffusion giveaways Lapis lazuli Glass Tin
THE CHOSON KINGDOM
1392-1912 Yi Clan of Chonju “Land of Morning
Calm” King Sejong (1418-
1450) Creates hangul for
the common man Encourages scientific
research