Contraction SpeedFigure 12.23

Oxidative and Glycolytic FibersFigure 12.24

Muscle FatigueFigure 12.25

Muscle AttachmentsFigure 12.26

Antagonistic MusclesFigure 12.27

Muscle SpindleFigure 12.28

Muscle Spindle ResponsesFigure 12.29

Alpha / Gamma CoactiviationFigure 12.30

Golgi Tendon OrgansFigure 12.31

Muscle Tissue TypesFigure 12.32

Properties of Smooth MuscleOne nucleusTropomyosinNo troponinDense bodies analogous to Z lineSlow myosin ATPaseMyosin has light chainsLittle sarcoplasmic reticulum

Smooth Muscle CellFigure 12.33

Excitation-Contraction CouplingFigure 12.34

Single-Unit MuscleFigure 12.35b

Properties of Single-Unit Smooth MuscleGap junctionsPacemaker cells with spontaneous depolarizations Innervation to few cellsTone = level of contraction without stimulationIncreases/decreases in tensionGraded ContractionsNo recruitmentVary intracellular calciumStretch ReflexRelaxation in response to sudden or prolonged stretch

Multi-Unit MuscleFigure 12.35a

Multi vs. Single-Unit MuscleFigure 12.35

Spontaneous DepolarizationsFigure 12.36

Cardiac MuscleFigure 12.37

Muscle ComparisonsTable 12.2